The Open Ophthalmology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Masquerading Orbital Sarcoidosis with Isolated Extraocular Muscle Involvement.","authors":"Jane S Kim,&nbsp;Richard L Scawn,&nbsp;Bradford W Lee,&nbsp;Jonathan H Lin,&nbsp;Bobby S Korn,&nbsp;Don O Kikkawa","doi":"10.2174/1874364101610010140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101610010140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two patients, previously diagnosed and treated for euthyroid, autoantibody-negative thyroid eye disease, presented with active orbitopathy. An atypical disease course and presentation prompted orbital biopsy. Extraocular muscle histopathology demonstrated noncaseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with presumed orbital sarcoidosis involving multiple extraocular muscles, including the inferior oblique in one of the cases. These two cases emphasize the importance of a broad differential diagnosis and the utility of an orbital biopsy in the context of an unusual disease presentation or poor treatment response. The patients' clinical course is discussed alongside important clinical signs, imaging findings, and biopsy results that support a diagnosis of isolated orbital sarcoidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/7e/TOOPHTJ-10-140.PMC5396127.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34977814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Switching Latanoprost Monotherapy to Bimatoprost Monotherapy or Combination of Brinzolamide and Latanoprost.","authors":"Mitsuhiro Imasawa,&nbsp;Joji Tanabe,&nbsp;Fumiko Kashiwagi,&nbsp;Kenji Kashiwagi","doi":"10.2174/1874364101610010094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101610010094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of switching to bimatoprost monotherapy or brinzolamide and latanoprost combination therapy in patients who had been receiving latanoprost monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, open-label study was conducted. Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had been receiving latanoprost monotherapy for three months or more were enrolled. Bimatoprost was substituted for latanoprost in one eye (BIM group), and brinzolamide was added to the latanoprost in the other eye (BRZ group) simultaneously. The patients underwent examinations at 6 weeks (visit 1) and 12 weeks (visit 2) after changing therapies. Subsequently, the treatments were returned to latanoprost monotherapy. The patients underwent another examination 6 weeks (visit 3) after the return to latanoprost. The parameters examined were intraocular pressure (IOP), conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal epithelial damage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six patients (13 men and 13 women) completed the protocol. Both groups showed a significant IOP reduction at visits 1 and 2 compared with the baseline, with a similar magnitude (BIM group: P = 0.016 at visit 1, P = 0.025 at visit 2, BRZ group: P = 0.0006 at visit 1, P = 0.028 at visit 2). The IOPs at the baseline and on visit 3 were similar in both groups (P = 0.7). The two groups showed no changes in either conjunctival hyperemia or corneal epithelial damage compared with the baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bimatoprost monotherapy and brinzolamide adjunctive to latanoprost similarly reduced the IOP, with no additive adverse effects, compared with latanoprost monotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/d2/TOOPHTJ-10-94.PMC4800778.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34747291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgically Induced Corneal Astigmatism Following Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection.","authors":"Tolga Kocatürk,&nbsp;Erol Erkan,&nbsp;Sait Eğrilmez,&nbsp;Harun Çakmak,&nbsp;Sema O Dündar,&nbsp;Volkan Dayanir","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) after an intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty eight eyes of 58 patients who underwent IVR injection due to age-related macular degeneration (wet form) or macular edema were included in this study. Patients' pre- and postoperative detailed ophthalmologic examinations were done and topographic keratometric values (K1, K2) were noted. Pre- and postoperative measurements were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean preoperative astigmatism of 0.87 Diopters (D) was found to be 0.95 D, 0.75 D, 0.82 D and 0.78 D on the 1st day, 3rd day, 1st week and 1st month, respectively. After injection, absolute change in astigmatism was found to be 0.08 D, 0.12 D, 0.05 D and 0.09 D on the 1st day, 3rd day, 1st week and 1st month, respectively. The absolute change in astigmatism seemed to be insignificant in terms of refractive analysis, however; when we performed a vectorial analysis, which takes into account changes in the axis of astigmatism, the mean value of induced astigmatism were found to be 0.33±0.22 D, 0.32±0.29 D, 0.41±0.37 D, 0.46±0.32 D on the 1st day, 3rd day, 1st week and on 1st month, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravitreal injection is a minimally invasive ophthalmologic procedure, however; it may still cause statistically significant induced astigmatism when evaluated from a vectorial point of view.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"121-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/67/eb/TOOPHTJ-9-121.PMC4578144.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34201785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjunctival TGF-B Level in Primary Augmented Trabeculectomy.","authors":"Guan Fook Ng,&nbsp;Ishak Siti Raihan,&nbsp;Yaakub Azhany,&nbsp;Che Hussin Che Maraina,&nbsp;K Gurusamy Banumathi,&nbsp;Tajudin Liza-Sharmini","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the levels of conjunctival transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) between glaucoma and control patients and to determine conjunctival TGF-β levels before and 3 months after augmented primary trabeculectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) admitted for mitomycin (MMC) augmented primary trabeculectomy due to failure in achieving target pressure after maximum medical therapy were selected. Age-matched non-glaucoma patients were controls. Impression cytology of the conjunctiva was obtained twice from glaucoma patients (1 week before augmented primary trabeculectomy and 3 months after surgery) and once from controls. Conjunctival cells were tagged with an anti-TGF-β antibody and analyzed by flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen patients (11 POAG and 7 PACG patients) and 18 age-matched control patients were included. Conjunctival TGF-β levels were significantly different between glaucoma (35.21% ± 14.12%) and control patients (14.96% ± 6.34%) (p = 0.001). There was a significant reduction in conjunctival TGF-β levels after augmented trabeculectomy (23.0% ± 13.8%) (p < 0.001). A significantly greater reduction in conjunctival TGF-β levels (61.6% ± 17.9%) was associated with complete success of trabeculectomy at 3 months (83.3%) after surgical intervention (p = 0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reduction of TGF-β on the conjunctival post primary augmented trabeculectomy may suggest TGF-β as potential predicting marker of short term trabeculectomy success. However, the result may be affected by site of impression, topical pressure lowering drugs and small sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"136-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/af/dc/TOOPHTJ-9-136.PMC4578138.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34201786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Acuity, Contrast Sensitivity and Color Vision Three Years After Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma.","authors":"Irena Tsui,&nbsp;Robert M Beardsley,&nbsp;Tara A McCannel,&nbsp;Scott C Oliver,&nbsp;Melissa W Chun,&nbsp;Steve P Lee,&nbsp;Phillip E Chow,&nbsp;Nzhde Agazaryan,&nbsp;Fei Yu,&nbsp;Bradley R Straatsma","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after iodine-125 brachytherapy for choroidal and ciliary body melanoma (CCM).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective interventional case series.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Thirty-seven patients (37 eyes) with CCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients had best-corrected Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual acuity, Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity and Hardy-Rand-Rittler color vision measurement; comprehensive ophthalmology examination; optical coherence tomography; and ultrasonography at baseline prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after I-125 brachytherapy.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after brachytherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen (19) men and 18 women with mean age of 58 years (SD 13, range 30-78) prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after brachytherapy had mean best-corrected visual acuity of 77 letters (20/32), 65 letters (20/50), 56 letters (20/80) and 47 letters (20/125); contrast sensitivity of 30, 26, 22 and 19 letters; color vision of 26, 20, 17 and 14 test figures, respectively. Decrease in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision was statistically significant from baseline at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after brachytherapy. Decreased acuity at 3 years was associated with mid-choroid and macula melanoma location, ≥ 4.1 mm melanoma height, radiation maculopathy and radiation optic neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>1, 2 and 3 years after brachytherapy, eyes with CCM had significantly decreased visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"131-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/15/ce/TOOPHTJ-9-131.PMC4541296.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33953058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Term Results of Visual Field Progression Analysis in Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Under Treatment.","authors":"Tolga Kocatürk,&nbsp;Sinan Bekmez,&nbsp;Merve Katrancı,&nbsp;Harun Çakmak,&nbsp;Volkan Dayanır","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate visual field progression with trend and event analysis in open angle glaucoma patients under treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifteen year follow-up results of 408 eyes of 217 glaucoma patients who were followed at Adnan Menderes University, Department of Ophthalmology between 1998 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Visual field data were collected for Mean Deviation (MD), Visual Field Index (VFI), and event occurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 146 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 123 pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (XFG) and 139 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes. MD showed significant change in all diagnostic groups (p<0.001). The difference of VFI between first and last examinations were significantly different in POAG (p<0.001), and XFG (p<0.003) but not in NTG. VFI progression rates were -0.3, -0.43, and -0.2 % loss/year in treated POAG, XFG, and NTG, respectively. The number of empty triangles were statistically different between POAG-NTG (p=0.001), and XFG-NTG (p=0.002) groups. The number of half-filled (p=0.002), and full-filled (p=0.010) triangles were significantly different between XFG-NTG groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Functional long-term follow-up of glaucoma patients can be monitored with visual field indices. We herein report our fifteen year follow-up results in open angle glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"116-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/c9/TOOPHTJ-9-116.PMC4541337.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34124429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of PocketMaker Microkeratome for Creation of Corneal Pocket for Foldable Keratoprosthesis KeraKlear Implantation - Case Series.","authors":"Pavel Studeny,&nbsp;Deli Krizova,&nbsp;Pavel Kuchynka","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a surgical method for corneal pocket creation for KeraKlear keratoprosthesis implantation by PocketMaker microkeratome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We implanted keratoprosthesis KeraKlear in 3 patients. In all cases, we used a microkeratome PocketMaker to create a corneal pocket, where the incision was made at a depth of 300 µm with a vibrating diamond blade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although corneas have been extensively opaque and vascularized, in all three cases we successfully performed suction of the microkeratome system and created a corneal pocket without any difficulties. Subsequent keratoprosthesis implantations were performed without any problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The technique is simple, relatively cheap, and the creation of the corneal pocket is possible even in patients with vascularized and opaque cornea.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"126-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/a8/TOOPHTJ-9-126.PMC4541297.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33950419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Age, Gender, Refractive Status and Axial Length on the Measurements of Hertel Exophthalmometry.","authors":"Omer Karti,&nbsp;Ozlem B Selver,&nbsp;Eyyup Karahan,&nbsp;Mehmet O Zengin,&nbsp;Murat Uyar","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the normal distribution of exophthalmometric values in Turkish adult population and the effect of age, gender, refractive status and axial length on globe position.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty-two males and 114 healthy females with age ranging from 18 to 87 years were included in the study. The study population was recruited from patients presenting to our institution for routine refractive examination. Hertel exophthalmometer was used to measure the degree of ocular protrusion. Effect of age, refractive error, interpupillary distance, and axial length on globe position was detected with linear regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean Hertel exophthalmometric size was 15.7+2.6 mm (range; 11 to 21 mm). The mean value for males was 16.1±2.6 mm (range; 11 to 21 mm), and for females 15.5±2.6 mm (range; 11 to 20 mm). The mean distance between the lateral rims of the orbit was 102 + 5.1 mm (range; 88 to 111mm). The mean exophthalmometric values were not statistically different in males and females. Age and mean spherical equivalents were negatively correlated with exophthalmometric measurements. Axial length was positively correlated with exophthalmometric measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The exophthalmometric measurement of the eye is affected by the age, spherical equivalent and the axial length. Standard normative values of the Hertel exophthalmometric measurements should be reevaluated with larger samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"113-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874364101509010113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33400890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Surface as Barrier of Innate Immunity.","authors":"Rodrigo Bolaños-Jiménez,&nbsp;Alejandro Navas,&nbsp;Erika Paulina López-Lizárraga,&nbsp;Francesc March de Ribot,&nbsp;Alexandra Peña,&nbsp;Enrique O Graue-Hernández,&nbsp;Yonathan Garfias","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sight is one of the most important senses that human beings possess. The ocular system is a complex structure equipped with mechanisms that prevent or limit damage caused by physical, chemical, infectious and environmental factors. These mechanisms include a series of anatomical, cellular and humoral factors that have been a matter of study. The cornea is not only the most powerful and important lens of the optical system, but also, it has been involved in many other physiological and pathological processes apart from its refractive nature; the morphological and histological properties of the cornea have been thoroughly studied for the last fifty years; drawing attention in its molecular characteristics of immune response. This paper will review the anatomical and physiological aspects of the cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus, as well as the innate immunity at the ocular surface. </p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c4/fc/TOOPHTJ-9-49.PMC4484240.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34276360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Present and New Treatment Strategies in the Management of Glaucoma.","authors":"Kolko M","doi":"10.2174/1874364101509010089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101509010089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and axonal loss. It remains a major cause of blindness worldwide. All current modalities of treatment are focused on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), and it is evident that increased IOP is an important risk factor for progression of the disease. However, it is clear that a significant number of glaucoma patients show disease progression despite of pressure lowering treatments. Much attention has been given to the development of neuroprotective treatment strategies, but the identification of such has been hampered by lack of understanding of the etiology of glaucoma. Hence, in spite of many attempts no neuroprotective drug has yet been clinically approved. Even though neuroprotection is without doubt an important treatment strategy, many glaucoma subjects are diagnosed after substantial loss of RGCs. In this matter, recent approaches aim to rescue RGCs and regenerate axons in order to restore visual function in glaucoma. The present review seeks to provide an overview of the present and new treatment strategies in the management of glaucoma. The treatment strategies are divided into current available glaucoma medications, new pressure lowering targets, prospective neuroprotective interventions, and finally possible neuroregenrative strategies. </p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/97/TOOPHTJ-9-89.PMC4460216.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33383143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}