CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1007/s10570-025-06386-1
Chunlei Li, Lixin Du, Ruyi Xie
{"title":"Tri-functional aziridine-induced cellulose crosslinking network for enhanced fibrillation resistance of low-carbon lyocell fiber","authors":"Chunlei Li, Lixin Du, Ruyi Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06386-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lyocell fiber, primarily sourced from the rapid growth of beech, eucalyptus or coniferous trees, is considered an eco-friendly low-carbon fiber. However, its susceptibility to fibrillation under wet friction conditions has significantly limited its broader application in the textile industry. To address this issue, this study employed trimethylolpropane-tri [3-(2-methylaziridin-1-yl) propionate] (TTMAP), a relatively safe tri-functional aziridine reagent, to establish a robust crosslinking network within lyocell macromolecules that had been oxidized by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). TTMAP spontaneously reacts with carboxyl groups via ring-opening reactions, eliminating the need for catalysts and providing a simple and green crosslinking method. A washing process was used to induce fibrillation, and anti-fibrillation performance was evaluated by SEM. The optimal process parameters for the TTMAP crosslinking reaction were determined as follows: a 5% concentration (owf, on weight of fabric), a temperature of 60 ℃, and a reaction time of 40 min. Notably, pH adjustment was not required for this reaction. FT-IR and XPS analyses confirmed both the oxidation of lyocell and subsequent crosslinking reaction with TTMAP. Compared to untreated lyocell, TTMAP-lyocell fabric exhibited excellent anti-fibrillation performance, even after three wash cycles. Furthermore, the dyeing properties of TTMAP-lyocell fabric remained largely unaffected, ensuring its practical applicability. This study presents a promising approach to enhancing the anti-fibrillation performance of lyocell knitted fabrics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"2087 - 2105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1007/s10570-025-06387-0
Nurul Huda Abu Bakar, Nor Adila Mhd Omar, Khairiah Mohd Mokhtar, Nurul Hidayah Abu Bakar, Wan Norfazilah Wan Ismail
{"title":"Cellulose-based technologies for pollutant removal from wastewater: a bibliometric review","authors":"Nurul Huda Abu Bakar, Nor Adila Mhd Omar, Khairiah Mohd Mokhtar, Nurul Hidayah Abu Bakar, Wan Norfazilah Wan Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06387-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06387-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing demand for sustainable wastewater treatment emphasizes the need for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. This study addresses a gap in the literature by examining the role of cellulose-based materials in adsorbing pollutants such as heavy metals, synthetic dyes, and organic compounds. A bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer on 730 research articles published between 2014 and 2024, sourced from the Scopus database. The analysis focused on citation patterns, bibliographic coupling, and co-occurrence mapping to identify trends in pollutant removal mechanisms, factors affecting treatment efficiency, and the application of cotton-waste adsorbents. The findings reveal three primary research clusters and highlight the significant potential of cellulose-based adsorbents for wastewater treatment. The cellulose-based materials not only offer a more sustainable solution but also contribute to reducing costs and promoting the circular economy through the repurposing of cotton or fabric waste. The study establishes cellulose-derived adsorbents as promising alternatives to conventional materials, offering a pathway for improving environmental sustainability, reducing the burden on landfills, and advancing waste management practices. It also highlights the related technologies in addressing global pollution challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1447 - 1467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A tough lignin/nanocellulose based hydrogels strain sensor with ultrafast gelling process","authors":"Jianbo Huang, Yang Yang, Lumen Chao, Wen Liu, Hongkai Li, Lijun Zhao, Xueming Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06394-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06394-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogel materials have gained popularity due to their excellent properties. However, traditional hydrogels’ poor mechanical property and long polymerization time (or needing external stimuli) limit their practical application. Herein, lignin, trivalent iron ion (LS-Fe<sup>3+</sup>) and nanocellulose were introduced into the precursor fluid to constitute hydrogel without external heating/UV radiation. The results showed that the content of LS was positively correlated with the forming time. When the content of LS was 8 wt%, the hydrogel could be rapidly formed within 63 s. Additionally, the presence of lignosulfonate and nanocellulose made the hydrogel have a variety of non-covalent bonds and covalent bonds, which contributed to good tensile strength (227 kPa) and elongation at break (515%). In addition, the hydrogel could be applied as a strain sensor to monitor the joint movement of the human body.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 4","pages":"2289 - 2301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06360-3
Hexin Zhao, Zhenpeng Li, Yao Meng, Haoran Cheng, Xingrong Zhang
{"title":"An easily-prepared superhydrophobic paper promoted by dodecanethiol and its oil–water separation mechanism","authors":"Hexin Zhao, Zhenpeng Li, Yao Meng, Haoran Cheng, Xingrong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06360-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06360-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the serious water contamination by frequent oil spill accidents and industrial wastewater emissions, superhydrophobic materials for oil–water separation have attracted considerable attention. In this study, an easily-prepared superhydrophobic paper was provided by using the dip-coating method, which involved depositing dopamine, copper sulfate, and dodecanethiol layer by layer on the surface of the paper to form a dense superhydrophobic surface. The prepared modified paper surface possessed excellent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) of 162° and an oil–water separation efficiency of more than 99% could be reached. Even after 40 cycles of oil–water separation, the separation efficiency and the water contact angle were still kept more than 95% and 150°, respectively. Additionally, the prepared superhydrophobic paper exhibited good self-cleaning properties and was highly resistant to acid, alkali, salt, and organic solutions. As a result, this study provided a new simple method to prepare functional superhydrophobic materials for oil–water separation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1805 - 1820"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1007/s10570-025-06390-5
Satoru Onodera, Chiaki Tanaka, Akira Isogai
{"title":"Water repellency of cotton knitted fabrics treated with alkyl ketene dimers","authors":"Satoru Onodera, Chiaki Tanaka, Akira Isogai","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06390-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06390-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water repellency is one of the expected functions for originally hydrophilic cotton fabrics (CFs) in various applications. Aqueous dispersions of alkylketene dimers have been used as efficient sizing chemicals in practical papermaking. In the present study, we soaked CFs in weakly cationic AKD dispersions of various AKD concentrations, squeezed them, and cured/dried the AKD dispersion-containing wet CFs at 120 °C for 10 min. Scanning electron microscopy revealed flake-like AKD structures in the AKD-treated and air-dried CFs, which mostly disappeared when the AKD-related compounds (such as the original AKD, hydrolyzed AKD, and cellulose-reacted AKD molecules present in the CFs) melted and spread during curing. The contents of the AKD-related compounds in the CFs were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. When a dispersion with an AKD concentration of 6.7 g/L and a pH of 4.5 was used, the cured and dried CF contained ~ 0.49% AKD-related compounds. The resulting CF sample had prolonged water-absorption times (a measure of water repellency) of > 1800s, even after 30 cycles of laundry treatment. The content of AKD-related compounds was decreased markedly from 0.49 to 0.06% and 0.01% by laundry treatment once and 30 times, respectively. Quite small amounts of AKD-related compounds remained in the CF after laundry treatment, and contributed to its high water repellency. Therefore, the AKD treatment developed in the present study offers a practical and efficient means of conferring high water repellency on CFs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"2073 - 2086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-025-06390-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-19DOI: 10.1007/s10570-025-06382-5
Wai-Ting Chong, Lee Fong Siow, Eng-Seng Chan, Beng Ti Tey, Yee-Ying Lee
{"title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of palm cellulose to yield nanocrystals with potential roles in lipid and cholesterol digestion and absorption","authors":"Wai-Ting Chong, Lee Fong Siow, Eng-Seng Chan, Beng Ti Tey, Yee-Ying Lee","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06382-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06382-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Limited research has been conducted to understand the influence of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on lipid and cholesterol digestion and absorption. This study aimed to explore and understand the ability of CNCs to modulate these processes. CNCs were obtained from palm-pressed fiber (PPF) via a green enzymatic hydrolysis method, a more environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional, acid hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using the endo-β-D-glucanase derived from <i>Aspergillus sp</i>. The effect of the enzyme concentration (250–1000 U/g) and reaction times (12–72 h) on CNC particle size, morphology, yield and suspension stability were studied. Enzymatic hydrolysis at a concentration 500 U/g and 72 h of incubation successfully produced needle-shaped, shortened, and non-entangled CNCs with an average diameter of 22.76 ± 5.52 nm, length of 342.55 ± 148.69 nm, an aspect ratio of ~ 15, and a crystallinity of 61.45%. Interestingly, the water (22.28 ± 0.85 g/g) and oil (15.08 ± 0.62 g/g) holding capacities of CNCs were four times higher than raw PPF (5.31 ± 0.53 g/g; 3.52 ± 0.32 g/g). The results showed increasing CNCs concentrations decreased lipase activity mobilization, increased cholesterol adsorption capability and retarded bile acid diffusion. 1% of CNCs alone inhibited 54.93% of lipase activity. 1 g of CNCs adsorbed 54.19 ± 10.70 mg of cholesterol and demonstrated a greater bile acid retardation effect than microcrystal cellulose (CNCs: 39.3 ± 10.10%: MCC: 27.05 ± 6.72%). The entrapment of lipase and bile acid by CNCs could affect lipid and cholesterol digestion, potentially benefiting digestion health applications. Furthermore, the presence of CNCs could potentially alleviate hypercholesteremia by adsorbing cholesterol and reducing bile acid diffusion. The results revealed the effectiveness of CNCs extraction from PPF through enzymatic hydrolysis and suggest that CNCs may have health benefits as a functional ingredient for developing of fat- and cholesterol-rich foods with health-promoting properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1575 - 1595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-025-06382-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1007/s10570-025-06374-5
Xiaoxu Wu, Miao Liu, Linlin Xie, Yumin Duan, Kai Shen, Min Hu, Zijun Li, Zhi Li
{"title":"Mechanically robust cellulose nanofiber/sepiolite aerogel composites with superior flame retardant properties","authors":"Xiaoxu Wu, Miao Liu, Linlin Xie, Yumin Duan, Kai Shen, Min Hu, Zijun Li, Zhi Li","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06374-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06374-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lightweight, biodegradable multifunctional cellulose nanofiber (CNF) aerogel shows great potential in the fields of thermal insulation, electronic equipment and oil contaminant removal. However, its high fire risk and poor mechanical performance severely limit its extensive application. In this work, CNF aerogel with improved flame retardant and mechanical properties was successfully prepared by incorporating sepiolite (SEP) via an ice template-assisted strategy. The obtained results showed that the thermal stability and flame retardancy of CNF/SEP (CS) aerogel were significantly enhanced. For instance, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release of CS<sub>2.5</sub> with a mass ratio of SEP to CNFs of 5: 1 were reduced by 72.6% and 47.2%, respectively, relative to those of pure CNF aerogel. Furthermore, its limiting oxygen index value exceeded 70%, and reached UL-94 V-0 rating. Moreover, the CS<sub>2.5</sub> composite showed a high compressive strength of 121.1 kPa. Therefore, this study provides a facile strategy for fabricating fire safe and mechanically robust CNF aerogels, which is expected to broaden their application scope.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1685 - 1698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of solvents on solubility, processability, thermostability, and mechanical properties of nitrocellulose gun propellants","authors":"Xue Zhang, Ming Lei, Junming Ren, Zhaoqian Li, Xikai Duan, Jinpeng Shen, Chonghua Pei","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06377-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06377-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the solubility of nitrocellulose (NC) in solvents has been extensively studied, its processing properties are still not fully explored in different solvents. Research in this area can minimize the waste of resources and promote its development in industry. In this study, the effect of six solvents [diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DM), N, N- dimethylformamide (DMF), acetone (AC), ethyl acetate (EAC), anhydrous ethanol (EtOH), and ethyl ether (DEE)] on the properties of nitrocellulose was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) simulations and experimental approaches. The results showed that the solvents, temperature, and concentration significantly impacted the rheological properties of nitrocellulose. The DM system had the highest sensitivity to the temperature, with a flow activation energy of 12.238 kJ/mol. The DMF system had the lowest viscosity, with an apparent viscosity of 2076 Pa·s. Additionally, the tensile strength of NC gun propellants was strongly influenced by the solvent used; the gun propellant prepared with EAC achieved the highest tensile strength (up to 70 MPa) and left the least solvent residue. In contrast, the DMF system exhibited a high solvent residue, likely due to its high molecular interaction energy ( − 14.48 kcal/mol). The burning process of NC gun propellants prepared by various solvents remained steady and consistent. The results provided some theoretical basis for solvent selection in the production of single-based gun propellants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1539 - 1556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06349-y
Yoko Iizumi, Yuichi Kato, Toshiya Okazaki
{"title":"Particle size and porosity measurements of cellulose nanofibers in slurries using centrifugal sedimentation","authors":"Yoko Iizumi, Yuichi Kato, Toshiya Okazaki","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06349-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06349-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dispersion of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in liquids is a crucial process in the fabrication of advanced CNF-based materials. However, there has been limited research into the quantitative evaluation of dispersed CNFs. This study presents two methods for estimating the size and porosity of fibrillated CNFs in slurries. The first method is the line-start centrifugal sedimentation method that uses a density gradient under multiple centrifugal forces. The second method is the combination of the homogenous centrifugal sedimentation method with bulk density measurements. The estimated sizes and porosities of two fibrillated CNFs are consistent between the two methods, and the obtained sizes match well with the results of the polarized optical microscope (POM) image analyses. Quantitative analysis of the dispersion states of CNFs in slurries can help investigate their correlation with the function of CNF-based products and reveal the underlying mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1597 - 1605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing the electrical performance of chitosan-based triboelectric nanogenerator using graphene nanoplatelets for real-time sports application","authors":"Saurav Kumar Maity, Uplabdhi Tyagi, Akhilesh Kumar Sharma, Prashant Bisht, Sidhharth Sirohi, Krishna Kumar, Nikita Sheoran, Shagun Singh, Gulshan Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10570-025-06373-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-025-06373-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on natural polymers gained tremendous interest for their sustainability, eco-friendliness, and biocompatibility. Despite the potential advantages of natural polymer-based TENG sensors, there are still several concerns related to their low output efficiency. This study involves the fabrication of a high-performance and eco-friendly chitosan-based TENG sensor via solvent casting method, using varied concentrations (1 wt%, 2 wt%, and 3 wt%) of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) as filler. Comprehensive investigations were conducted into the physicochemical, morphological, thermal, and electrical properties of the chitosan/graphene nanoplatelets (CS/GNPs) composite films. Raman analysis revealed the presence of GNPs in the CS matrix, showing enhanced I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub> values for all the composites compared to pristine GNPs. The deconvoluted N1s XPS spectra unveiled the formation of CS/GNPs composites via amide linkages. Morphological analysis revealed that GNPs were embedded within the CS matrix, which tended to agglomerate at higher GNPs concentrations (3 wt%). Furthermore, the triboelectric performance of the composite films showed an outstanding open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>), short-circuit current (I<sub>SC</sub>), and maximum power density of 166.25 V, 13.56 µA, and 44 mW/m<sup>2</sup> respectively, at 2 wt% GNPs concentration. The optimized CS/GNPs (2%) TENG sensor was successfully used to track real-time sports activities, distinguishing motions and basketball dribbling with different intensities and heights, respectively. Moreover, soil burial tests indicated promising biodegradation rates within six days, highlighting the significant potential of fabricated triboelectric layers in sustainable wearable technology and real-time activity monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"32 3","pages":"1787 - 1804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}