{"title":"Rheo-impedance behavior of cellulose nanofibers produced by mechanical processing","authors":"Yoshifumi Yamagata, Yuichi Takasaki, Keisuke Miyamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06242-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06242-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CNFs are one of the renewable and the sustainable resources with low environmental impact and have various characteristics such as increased strength and weight reduction when added to resins. Since CNFs are one of the new materials that can fulfill the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (hereafter abbreviated as SDGs), many researchers have been studying the nano-fibrillation of wood fibers. From the viewpoint of SDGs, it is necessary to avoid using a large amount of chemical agents and consuming a large amount of energy for the production of CNFs. To realize these requirements, it is important to find a way to industrially utilize CNFs containing insufficiently nanosized fibers, and for these purposes, it is essential to evaluate the physical properties of these CNFs from multiple perspectives. Cellulose fibers are intrinsically insulating materials, but how their electrochemical properties are changed by nano-fibrillization has been little studied. Therefore, we decided to clarify the relationship between the size of CNFs and the electrochemical impedance properties of the CNF suspensions containing un-fibrillated fibers, which were prepared by a wet refinement system. The fiber diameter remained constant as the number of mechanical treatments (hereafter referred to as the “number of collisions”) increased. On the other hand, the cumulative medium volume diameter, D<sub>50</sub>, defined as the apparent fiber length (hereafter referred to as the “fiber length”, in microns), significantly decreases with the increasing number of collisions. The rheo-impedance |Z| of the CNF suspension remained nearly constant in the intermediate frequency range of 10<sup>3</sup>–10<sup>6</sup> Hz, even if the internal structure of the system was deformed by the increasing shear rate. This means that the electrochemical properties of the CNFs are independent of the changes in the macroscopic aggregation structure. Furthermore, the internal resistance <i>R</i><sub>1</sub> calculated from the impedance |Z| characteristics (Nyquist plot) became decreased with the increasing number of collisions, indicating a proportional relationship between the resistance <i>R</i><sub>1</sub> and the CNF fiber length, D<sub>50</sub>. This suggests that <i>R</i><sub>1</sub> related to the resistance caused by the electrolyte in the suspensions or the protons dissociated by the hydration of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule as they move across the gaps between the microfibrils. Based on these results, it appears that the electrochemical properties of the CNF suspensions are independent of the changes in the macroscopic aggregation structure and simply depend on the fiber length, in other words, the electrochemical properties are a useful method for indirectly evaluating the fiber length of the CNFs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10771 - 10784"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-024-06242-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06255-3
Jesse A. Heacock, Yu Sun, Yan Vivian Li
{"title":"Mechanical and morphological properties of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from industrial hemp agro-waste","authors":"Jesse A. Heacock, Yu Sun, Yan Vivian Li","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06255-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06255-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were produced directly from hemp agro-waste (HAW) using ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation. Industrial hemp growth in the US has been accompanied with HAW production. While hemp has previously been shown as a source for CNCs, studies on CNCs from HAW (specifically hemp hurd) have not been reported on. Furthermore, studies on the mechanical characteristics of individual CNCs extracted using APS are lacking. Herein, the one-step oxidation treatment was followed by a purification step to remove impurities and hence to colloidally stabilize CNCs in aqueous suspensions, then analysis of the morphological and mechanical properties was performed. Purified and unpurified CNC samples were compared for potential differences in morphological and mechanical properties. Morphological analysis was performed using atomic force microscopy (AFM): purified CNCs had an average length of 183.1 ± 73.9 nm, unpurified CNCs had an average length of 202.0 ± 79.2, and both samples had an average diameter of 4 ± 2 nm. Mechanical analysis of individual CNCs using force-distance spectroscopy (FDS) suggested both samples had little differences with average values of Young’s modulus 2.19 ± 0.15 GPa, maximum loading force of 6.29 ± 0.09 nN, and adhesion energy of 1.57 ± 1.12e-16 J. No statistical differences between purified and unpurified CNCs were found in Young’s modulus and maximum loading forces measurements, suggesting the impurities had minimum impact on mechanical strength. These results highlight the potential for mechanical assessment of individual CNCs extracted using APS from HAW via FDS and the need for further exploration into the methodology of this type of mechanical analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10861 - 10877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06236-6
Xiaoyu Pei, Meishan Fan, Hongdan Zhang, Jun Xie
{"title":"Assessment for industrial production of poplar ethanol after analysis of influencing factors and predicted yield","authors":"Xiaoyu Pei, Meishan Fan, Hongdan Zhang, Jun Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06236-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06236-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poplar is an ideal feedstock for the production of biomass ethanol. For this reason, this study aimed to predict and optimize the bioethanol yield from poplar through the construction of an ANN-RSM (Artificial Neural Network-Response Surface Methodology) model. Following this, a techno-economic analysis was conducted after simulating industrial ethanol production using the optimal fermentation process parameters identified through the optimization. The optimal combination of process parameters was finally determined as follows: cellulase load of 21.23 FPU/g, pH of 5.51, yeast load of 3.39 g/L, and substrate load of 14.01%. Under these conditions, the experimental value of ethanol yield was 76.70%, which was in close agreement with the predicted optimal ethanol yield of 76.01%. Based on the above optimization results, the lignocellulosic ethanol industrial production process was constructed using the Aspen Plus platform. Through techno-economic analysis, it was found that for a plant with an annual processing capacity of 114,000 tonnes of the adiabatic poplar, the annual ethanol yield under NaOH-ethanol pretreatment in combination with the optimal fermentation process parameters was 0.15 t/t (adiabatic poplar). The Total Capital Investment (TCI) was 22.08 MMUSDs, and the minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) was estimated to be 1,094.59 USDs/tonne. This work provides significant theoretical and technical references for the industrial development of lignocellulosic ethanol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10801 - 10829"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxidized cellulose/bioglass hydrogel as a new bioink matrix for application in regenerative medicine","authors":"Rauany Cristina Lopes, Marina Vuković, Benedito Domingos Neto, Mônica Rosas Costa Iemma, André Capaldo Amaral, Ljiljana Veselinović, Lidija Mančić, Eliane Trovatti","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06233-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06233-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blends of polymers and ceramic materials have been increasingly researched for the development of hydrogels and bioinks, in an attempt to develop resistant, biocompatible, and bioactive materials that interact with host tissues and promote tissue regeneration. Herein, the novel bioink composed of chemically oxidized cellulose gel and bioglass was prepared and analyzed. The cellulose from sugar cane bagasse was chemically treated with TEMPO reagent in order to generate the oxidized cellulose gel, the bioglass was prepared using a standard sol-gel procedure. The proposed bioink composition is totally new, and was planned to associate the good features of both these materials, namely the good mechanical properties of cellulose and the bioactivity of the bioglass. The interaction of the negative charges of the carboxylic acid from oxidized cellulose with the positive charges from calcium ions in liquid environment, encouraged the preparation of these unique bioink. The bioink was prepared by blending the oxidized cellulose gel loaded with MG63 bone cells with the bioglass. Rheology results indicated the good mechanical properties of the bioink. Biological characterization indicated that cells can keep viable within the bioink until ten days. DAPI staining confirmed the homogeneous distribution of cells within the bioink and alizarin red showed the capability of the bioink to produce mineralized matrix. These results indicate the potential of this new biomaterial and technology for advances in bioink development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"11051 - 11064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06248-2
Ruijie Ma, Tong Xue, Guo Yu, Yunjie Yin
{"title":"Multifunctional radiative cooling cellulose fabrics by in situ grown ZnO for personal thermal management","authors":"Ruijie Ma, Tong Xue, Guo Yu, Yunjie Yin","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06248-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06248-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Personal thermal management (PTM) textiles with cooling functions have garnered substantial interest because of their ability to regulate individuals’ temperature and provide comfort with low energy consumption. However, developing cellulose-based fabrics such as cotton with cooling functions remains a challenge due to the complex preparation process. Herein, a composite functional cellulosic fabric, based on cotton, is presented in this work to address the various inconveniences caused by hot weather. Controlled in situ growth of zinc oxide is achieved through hydrothermal synthesis. The ZnO nanorods deposited on the surface of the cotton fabric have excellent UV shielding ability and synergize solar reflection, resulting in a UPF value of 300 + for the modified fabric. Even after 100 friction cycles, this performance still reaches 80.25. The surface of the modified cotton fabric has a high solar reflectance (83.88%), a high thermal conductivity (98 W·m<sup>−2</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>), and a cooling effect of 3.0 °C, achieved in a simulated heating environment compared with the original cotton. Due to these excellent properties and simple preparation steps, the cool-feeling fabrics fabricated by in situ growth of ZnO nanorods on the surface of cotton fabrics have promising application prospects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"11185 - 11198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06234-8
Hampus Karlsson, Leo Svenningsson, Robin Storm, Poppy Chaiyupatham, Anders Brolin, Anette Larsson, Arthur C. Pinon, Staffan Schantz, Leif Karlson, Per A. Larsson, Lars Evenäs
{"title":"Dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR spectroscopy as a tool to rapidly determine degree of modification in dialcohol cellulose","authors":"Hampus Karlsson, Leo Svenningsson, Robin Storm, Poppy Chaiyupatham, Anders Brolin, Anette Larsson, Arthur C. Pinon, Staffan Schantz, Leif Karlson, Per A. Larsson, Lars Evenäs","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06234-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06234-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dialcohol cellulose can be prepared by periodate-mediated oxidation of cellulose followed by reduction with borohydride. The two-step reaction creates a modified cellulose polymer which is ring-opened between the C2 and C3 carbons in the glucose unit. This material has attracted both scientific and commercial interest, due to its potential role in the transition towards a fossil-fuel-free society. In order to become a reliable component in the materials of tomorrow, chemical properties such as degree of modification must be accurately quantified. In this work we describe how solid-state NMR spectroscopy, enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), can be used for this purpose. Our results illustrate that it is possible to obtain high sensitivity enhancements in dialcohol cellulose with the DNP enhanced solid-state NMR technique. Enhancements above a factor of fifty, on a 400 MHz/263 GHz DNP system in the presence of 12 mM AMUPol radical were achieved. This allows us to quantify the degree of modification in dialcohol cellulose samples in time spans as short as 20 min using DNP enhanced multiple-contact cross polarization experiments. We also exemplify how DNP enhanced, <sup>13</sup>C-<sup>13</sup>C dipolar recoupling experiments can be used for the same purpose and for studying chemical shift correlations in dialcohol cellulose.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10727 - 10744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-024-06234-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-27DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06245-5
Daniel J. Franke, Ronald C. Sabo, Cody A. Schilling
{"title":"Durability of cellulose nanofibril films examined via residual drying stress measurement","authors":"Daniel J. Franke, Ronald C. Sabo, Cody A. Schilling","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06245-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06245-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) have potential utilization as oxygen barrier layers when applied as the primary component of a single layer in multilayer packaging systems. One limitation of dense CNM films is their lack of durability due to their brittle nature. The durability of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) films was examined through the lens of understanding the residual stress that formed within the films during drying. A beam bending method consisting of drying CNF films on top of a flexible substrate was used to quantify residual stress. It was determined that for two common variations of CNFs (TEMPO-oxidized vs mechanically refined), the residual drying stress was on the order of 50% of the yield strength of the material at a given humidity. Larger residual stress formed within the TEMPO-oxidized CNFs as compared to the mechanically refined CNFs due to the smaller fibril diameters resultant of the TEMPO oxidation production process. The residual stress in the TEMPO-oxidized material was also more sensitive to moisture (humidity) than the mechanically refined material. Various plasticizers were examined for their efficacy in reducing residual drying stress. Triethyl citrate appears more effective in reducing residual stress than common polyols (glycerol/sorbitol), especially when subjecting the films to low humidity. Triethyl citrate in combination with a small amount of polyvinyl alcohol at a total plasticizer content of 30% of the mass of the CNFs resulted in a 75% reduction in the residual stress from the unplasticized state. In this low-stress state, standalone films (10–15 µm) can withstand creasing operations that compromise unmodified (high residual stress) films in terms of their ability to prevent oxygen transmission. Additionally, the low-stress formulation was coated onto a paper substrate resulting in enhanced durability during creasing operations prior to oxygen barrier testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10845 - 10859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Designing biodegradable and antibacterial cellulose-based superhydrophobic packaging materials via large-scale self-assembly","authors":"Qiang Li, Xiaofan Jiang, Mingjun Huang, Jiachen Lv, Zhe Ling, Songlin Wang, Fushan Chen, Zhe Ji","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06228-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06228-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unbiodegradable petroleum-based packaging materials have posed a significant threat to the environment and human health, forcing the exploration of alternatives. Inspired by the charge-secreting layer of <i>Sandcastle worm</i> and the asymmetric wettability of lotus leaf, we successfully developed a dual biomimetic cellulose-based packaging material (CW@(CT)<sub>10</sub>). This material was achieved through an electrically charge-controlled layer-by-layer self-assembly of chitosan and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs), followed by functionalization with carnauba wax (CW). The material achieved commendable mechanical properties and abrasion resistance, rendering it highly stable and durable. Benefitting from the rough surface with nanostructures and low surface energy, the CW@(CT)<sub>10</sub> showed a high water contact angle of 152.14°. The superhydrophobic surface reduced the bacterial adhesion, which integrated with the electropositivity of chitosan, endowing the materials with a 100% antibacterial ability to <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Fruit antimicrobial tests and degradation studies in the natural environment demonstrated that CW@(CT)<sub>10</sub> kept fruit bacteria-free for 5 days and were completely biodegraded within 100 days. Notably, this work introduced a facile strategy for scalable production of a sustainable, inexpensive, durable, and environmentally friendly material, showcasing immense potential applications in food packaging.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 17","pages":"10445 - 10462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CellulosePub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-06220-0
Lucas Rosson, Boon Tan, Wayne Best, Nolene Byrne
{"title":"Applications of regenerated bacterial cellulose: a review","authors":"Lucas Rosson, Boon Tan, Wayne Best, Nolene Byrne","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06220-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06220-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whilst synthetic polymers have changed the world in many important ways, the negative impacts associated with these materials are becoming apparent in waste accumulation and microplastic pollution due to lack of biodegradability. Society has become aware of the need to replace or substitute environmentally persistent synthetic polymers, and cellulose has received a large amount of attention in this respect. The mechanical properties of cellulose, its renewable nature and biodegradability are advantageous properties. Drawbacks exist for the use of plant cellulose (PC), including the water footprint of cotton, deforestation associated with wood/dissolving pulp, and the extensive processing required to refine plants and wood into pure cellulose. Bacterial cellulose (BC), also known as microbial cellulose, is gaining momentum in both academic and industry settings as a potential solution to the many drawbacks of plant-based cellulose. Compared to PC, BC has high purity, crystallinity and degree of polymerisation, and can be manufactured from waste in a way that yields more cellulose per hectare, per annum, and requires less intense chemical processing. Native bacterial cellulose can be formed and shaped to an extent and is found in a variety of commercial products. However, dissolving and regenerating bacterial cellulose is a potential avenue to broaden the applications available to this material. The aim of this study is to review the applications which utilize regenerated bacterial cellulose, with a focus on the dissolution/regeneration methods used and discussing the associated limitations and future outlook.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 17","pages":"10165 - 10190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10570-024-06220-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibacterial methacrylamide chitosan-modified viscose/poly(ε-caprolactone) hydrogel membranes for wound healing","authors":"Xueyan Li, Xiuling Hou, Anle Yang, Dekun Li, Fang Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06241-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10570-024-06241-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Development of antibacterial dressings for wound treatment is especially worthwhile. Herein, ChMA/tannic acid modified viscose or poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous hydrogel membranes with great antibacterial properties were fabricated to accelerate wound healing. The morphology, chemical structure, swelling capacity, degradation, mechanical and antibacterial properties and cell viability of the modified membranes were investigated. The ChMA/tannic acid-modified viscose membranes exhibited a larger swelling ratio of <i>ca.</i> 200% and a lower degradability than the modified-PCL membrane. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the ChMA/tannic acid modified PCL membrane were about 3.2 ± 0.4 MPa and 618.2 ± 18.2%, respectively, larger than the values of the modified viscose membrane. Simultaneously, the ChMA/TA-modified PCL membrane was 98% effective against <i>S. aureus</i> and had a 91% DPPH free radical scavenging capacity. Moreover, the as-prepared modified hydrogel membranes enabled the maintenance of high bioavailability of tannic acid and synchronization with the porous structure of the ChMA hydrogels, which enhanced the wound healing performance in vivo. Considering the better mechanical properties and relatively long-lasting drug release behavior of PCL ultrafine fibers, ChMA/tannic acid-modified PCL hydrogel membranes have great potential in wound dressings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"11035 - 11050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}