Social Studies of Science最新文献_第2页

Path creation as a discursive process: A study of discussion starters in the field of solar fuels. 作为话语过程的路径创造：对太阳能燃料领域讨论启动器的研究。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241271024

Eugen Octav Popa, Vincent Blok, Cornelius Schubert, Georgios Katsoukis

引用次数: 0

Virtual diversity and the value-ladenness of science

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/03063127251314860

Charles Thorpe

引用次数: 0

Silence of the labs.

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1177/03063127251314452

Banu Subramaniam

引用次数: 0

The commercial roots of the genomic commons 基因组公地的商业根源

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241310122

Steve Sturdy

引用次数: 0

From the bench to public policy: Enhancing public trust in science. 从法官到公共政策：增强公众对科学的信任。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241310587

Shobita Parthasarathy

引用次数: 0

Coordinating uncertainty in the political economy of cyber threat intelligence. 协调网络威胁情报政治经济中的不确定性。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241299132

Rebecca Slayton, Lilly Muller

{"title":"Coordinating uncertainty in the political economy of cyber threat intelligence.","authors":"Rebecca Slayton, Lilly Muller","doi":"10.1177/03063127241299132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127241299132","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber threat intelligence firms play a powerful role in producing knowledge, uncertainty, and ignorance about threats to organizations and governments globally. Drawing on historical and ethnographic methods, we show how cyber threat intelligence analysts navigate distinctive types of uncertainty as they transform digital traces into marketable products and services. We make two related contributions and arguments. First, building on STS research on uncertainty and ignorance, we articulate two kinds of uncertainty and their potential to interact. Coordinative uncertainty emerges from socially and technologically distributed processes of producing, interpreting, and reporting data that emerges when analysts create standards to make data travel. However, standards can be exploited by intelligent adversaries behaving in deliberately unpredictable ways. We argue that efforts to reduce coordinative uncertainty through standardization can thus ironically increase opportunities for adversarial uncertainty, creating a potential tradeoff. Second, we aim to show how STS can deepen and integrate studies of international security and political economy, by providing an example of how the geopolitical structuring of private industry shapes the science and technology that industry produces. In particular, we argue that the political economy of the cyber threat intelligence industry tends to produce relatively little knowledge about cyber operations that are conducted by governments in the U.S. and its allies, and more about cyber operations conducted by adversaries of U.S. and allied governments. We conclude with a reflection on the broader significance of these findings for the ways that coordinative and adversarial uncertainties refract through the political economies of technoscience.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"3063127241299132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making expert advice public in a time of emergency: Independent SAGE and the contestation of science during the Covid pandemic in the UK. 在紧急情况下公开专家建议：独立的SAGE和英国Covid大流行期间的科学争论。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241309071

Noortje Marres, Matías Valderrama Barragán

{"title":"Making expert advice public in a time of emergency: Independent SAGE and the contestation of science during the Covid pandemic in the UK.","authors":"Noortje Marres, Matías Valderrama Barragán","doi":"10.1177/03063127241309071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127241309071","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a situational analysis of the expert advice offered by Independent SAGE, a group of scientists that formed in May 2020 in the UK to provide advice on the Covid response. Based on interviews with the group's members and partners, we argue that through its interventions Indie SAGE demonstrated an important alternative approach to linking science and politics in a time of emergency. They showed that the only way to ensure that policy and decision-making on Covid-19 was grounded in knowledge was by making expert advice public. Indie SAGE's decision to 'go public' was a response to the political situation in the UK, one in which scientific advice, in particular public health expertise, was being ignored, sidelined and contested as such. We identify four rationales for making expert advice public: openness, calling out, translation, and responsive engagement. We describe associated modes of intervention that Indie SAGE adopted in relation to different critical situations of Covid-19. Distinctive about their advice, we argue, is its prioritization of situational adequacy. Much of it was explicitly oriented towards addressing practical and existential challenges experienced by particular social groups, professions and everyday publics. We argue that this way of making science public in an 'ontological' register acquires critical importance in a political situation like the UK Covid response, which was marked not just by disagreements about science but growing contestation of science as such. In this respect, our study holds a wider lesson for the understanding of the role of evidence in public politics. To advocate for evidence-based governance, as Indie SAGE did, is not necessarily to endorse a post-political vision of government. When science is contested in a time of emergency, making evidence public becomes a key means for responding to the demands of situations. It is not only pragmatic but a critical accomplishment.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"3063127241309071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can democracy save children's lives? Addressing the constitutional problem of expertise. 民主能拯救儿童的生命吗？解决专业知识的宪法问题。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241310461

Brice Laurent

引用次数: 0

Right data, wrong data: Statistical sampling and the making of modern agriculture in India. 正确的数据，错误的数据：统计抽样和印度现代农业的形成。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241307947

Madhumita Saha

{"title":"Right data, wrong data: Statistical sampling and the making of modern agriculture in India.","authors":"Madhumita Saha","doi":"10.1177/03063127241307947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127241307947","url":null,"abstract":"The size of India's food deficit became a pressing question for the Indian state in the early years of independence. As different organizations, government bodies, and individuals debated over the ways, means, and expertise needed to tide over the food crisis, policymakers realized that the primary requirement was to have a numerical understanding of the problem. Data became crucial to accurately assess production trends and compare them with requirements. This article looks into the use of statistical methods, particularly, random sampling and production estimation through a crop-cutting technique. Exploring the statistical survey work done by P.C. Mahalanobis in Bengal from the late years of colonial rule to the surveys conducted by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research under the supervision of P.V. Sukhatme and V.G. Panse, the article analyzes how different factors, such as varying revenue systems of different regions and administrative structures, power struggles amongst statisticians, and leverage gained by Indian statisticians from support they received from better known British counterparts, all played a role in determining the nature of statistical tools adopted in India to measure its food production. Inaccurate data continued to be a challenge for the Indian state until well into the late 1950s, and that can now be explained in terms of this discord between Mahalanobis-led Kolkata-ISI and the ICAR of Sukhatme's time. India continued to follow different methods of statistical survey of foodcrops, thus, the scientific/political establishment always struggled with the apprehension that they did not have the 'right' data to come up with the correct assessment of the scene.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"3063127241307947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postcolonial technoscience revisited. 重新审视后殖民技术科学。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241303778

Cameron Hu

引用次数: 0