Social Studies of Science最新文献_第10页

Reflections on translating Bruno Latour. 关于翻译布鲁诺·拉图尔的思考。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127231156650

Catherine Porter

引用次数: 0

Present to Bruno, from Donna. 这是唐娜送给布鲁诺的礼物。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127231157395

Donna Haraway

引用次数: 1

Values and vendettas: Populist science governance in Mexico. 价值观与仇杀:墨西哥的民粹主义科学治理。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221140020

Luis Reyes-Galindo

引用次数: 2

When you wish upon a (GWP) star: Environmental governance and the reflexive performativity of global warming metrics. 当你对一颗(GWP)星许愿时:环境治理和全球变暖指标的反射性表现。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221134275

George Cusworth, Jeremy Brice, Jamie Lorimer, Tara Garnett

{"title":"When you wish upon a (GWP) star: Environmental governance and the reflexive performativity of global warming metrics.","authors":"George Cusworth, Jeremy Brice, Jamie Lorimer, Tara Garnett","doi":"10.1177/03063127221134275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127221134275","url":null,"abstract":"The metrics used in environmental management are performative. That is, the tools deployed to classify and measure the natural world interact with the things they were designed to observe. The idea of performativity also captures the way these interactions shape or distort the governance activities that metrics are used to inform. The performativity of metrics reveals how mundane practices of measurement and auditing are inscribed with substantial power. This has proven particularly true for the global warming metrics, like GWP100, that are central to the management of anthropogenic climate change. Greenhouse gases are materially heterogenous, and the metrics used to commensurate their various warming impacts influence the distribution of both culpability and capital in climate policy and markets. The publication of a new warming metric, GWP* (or GWP Star), has generated a modest scientific controversy, as a diverse cast of stakeholders recognize this performativity seek to influence the metrological regime under which they live. We analyse this controversy, particularly as it unfolded in the fractious discourse around sustainable food and farming, to develop the concept of reflexive performativity: where actors are anticipatory and strategic in their engagement with the metrics that are used to govern their lives. We situate this idea in relation to, and in tentative evidential support of, the concept of reflexive modernization.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"3-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9893306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9225139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Branding the Earth: Selling Earth system science in the United States, 1983-1988. 给地球打上烙印:在美国推销地球系统科学，1983-1988。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221122436

Jenifer Barton

{"title":"Branding the Earth: Selling Earth system science in the United States, 1983-1988.","authors":"Jenifer Barton","doi":"10.1177/03063127221122436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127221122436","url":null,"abstract":"As part of its efforts to find new relevance in the early 1980s, NASA formed the Earth System Sciences Committee (ESSC) to develop a large-scale Earth science research program that would use satellites and computer modeling to study the planet as an integrated system with interconnections between the land, air, water, and biota. Called Earth system science (ESS), the project was conceived on the scale of the U.S. moon missions. Like the Apollo program, it would need enormous government funding to implement. Yet, the project was proposed just as government science funding was contracting. Conscious of the changing political economy of science, the ESSC attempted to build scientific, political, and public support for its project by using promotional techniques akin to the branding efforts more commonly identified in corporate marketing that were themselves changing in scope and importance in the 1980s. These techniques formed part of the ESSC's broader management strategy to promote ESS. The ESS brand was developed around the ideals of an interconnected 'Earth system', the significance of interdisciplinary research, and environmental concern. Though ESS failed to gain widespread traction, an unintended consequence of this branding was the communication and entrenchment of the concept of the 'Earth system'. Today, this concept provides crucial theoretical scaffolding that unifies interdisciplinary Earth science research, including climate change science.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"49-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9893296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10656273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reflexive expectations in innovation financing: An analysis of venture capital as a mode of valuation. 创新融资中的反射性预期:风险投资作为一种估值模式的分析。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221118372

Kean Birch

引用次数: 9

The Big Flush of Montreal: On affective maintenance and infrastructural events. 蒙特利尔的大同花顺:关于情感维护和基础设施事件。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221126465

Kregg Hetherington, Elie Jalbert

引用次数: 0

Speculative sewing: Researching, reconstructing, and re-imagining wearable technoscience. 投机缝纫:研究、重建和重新想象可穿戴技术。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221119213

Kat Jungnickel

引用次数: 1

Domesticating models: On the contingency of Covid-19 modelling in UK media and policy. 国内模型：关于新冠肺炎模型在英国媒体和政策中的偶然性。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221126166

Lukas Engelmann, Catherine M Montgomery, Steve Sturdy, Cristina Moreno Lozano

{"title":"Domesticating models: On the contingency of Covid-19 modelling in UK media and policy.","authors":"Lukas Engelmann, Catherine M Montgomery, Steve Sturdy, Cristina Moreno Lozano","doi":"10.1177/03063127221126166","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127221126166","url":null,"abstract":"Our article traces the representation of pandemic modelling in UK print media from the emergence of Covid-19 to the early stages of implementing the first UK-wide lockdown in late March 2020. Covid modelling, it is widely assumed, has shaped policy decisions and public responses to the pandemic in unprecedented ways. We analyse how the UK print media has configured modelling as a significant evidence tool in the representation of the pandemic. Interrogating assumptions about infectious disease modelling, we ask why models became the trusted tool of choice for knowing and responding to the Covid pandemic in the UK. Our analysis has yielded four different periods in the evolution of intersecting policy and media frames. Initially, modellers, policymakers and media alike emphasized uncertainty about available data, and hence the speculative character of modelled projections, thus justifying a 'wait and see' approach to government intervention. With growing public pressure for government action, policy and media frames were adjusted to emphasize the importance of timing interventions for best effect, with modelling evidence mobilized to justify inaction. This gave way to a period of crisis, as the press increasingly questioned the reliability of the existing models and policies, leading modellers and policy makers to dramatically revise their projections. Finally, with the imposition of the first UK lockdown, policy and media frames were brought back into alignment with one another, in a process of domestication through which the language of modelling became a basic resource for the discussion of the epidemic. Our epistemological microhistory thus challenges general accounts of the impacts of pandemic modelling and instead emphasizes contingency and interpretative flexibility.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"121-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9892880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10654217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The co-production of normal science: A social history of high-temperature superconductivity research in China (1987-2008). 常态科学的协同生产:中国高温超导研究的社会史(1987-2008)。

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/03063127221119215

Chao Gu

{"title":"The co-production of normal science: A social history of high-temperature superconductivity research in China (1987-2008).","authors":"Chao Gu","doi":"10.1177/03063127221119215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127221119215","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity (HTS) was a momentous event. This article explores the social and institutional history of HTS research in China between 1987 and 2008. Desire for a Nobel Prize shaped the Chinese state's initial push to establish the National Superconductivity Research Program. Yet, after the enthusiasm for HTS research cooled, and even after a Nobel Prize for HTS was awarded to non-Chinese scientists, financial and institutional support for the research continued. This process fostered the 'to live' ethos of science, which has replaced the Nobel Prize dream as a central mechanism of interaction between the state and science in China. Indeed, Chinese HTS research not only survived, but also produced an abundance of 'normal science' discoveries. This pattern continued after 2008, when Japanese scientists made the groundbreaking innovation of iron-based superconductivity and Chinese scientists quickly turned their attention to this sub-field. They published many papers pushing the field forward slightly, rather than making the largest scientific advances. The mutual interaction between the state and scientists underpinned this phenomenon: On the one hand, the productivity of normal science has helped to maintain state legitimacy. On the other hand, the evaluation and incentive systems, as well as deep-rooted cultural features such as officialism, utilitarianism, and the foregrounding of politics lead scientists to opportunistically pursue normal science. The state and scientists have co-produced a regime of normal science.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"81-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10662043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0