International Journal of Eating Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Rigid Minds: The Role of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits in Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Caroline E Touzeau, Alexandra Allam, Alexandra F Muratore, Evelyn Attia, Joanna E Steinglass","doi":"10.1002/eat.24532","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eat.24532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Restrictive eating behavior in anorexia nervosa (AN) is often characterized by rigidity, dichotomous thinking, and cognitive inflexibility. These traits are also central to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). The current study assessed whether OCPD traits among patients with AN were associated with the severity of illness or short-term treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Presence of OCPD traits were measured among hospitalized adults and adolescents as well as healthy peers (HC), using the Pathological Obsessive Compulsive Personality Scale (POPS). In addition to comparing groups, patients with AN were assessed before and after weight restoration treatment to examine changes with renourishment. Associations between POPS and other indices of clinical severity were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>POPS scores were significantly higher among AN (n = 208) than HC (n = 124) (Total: 173.2 ± 33.4 vs. 132.3 ± 32.6, t₃₃₀ = 10.9, p < 0.001), across all five domains (Rigidity, Emotional Overcontrol, Maladaptive Perfectionism, Reluctance to Delegate, Difficulty with Change). Among AN, higher POPS scores were positively associated with EDE-Q (r₁₉₅ = 0.29, p = < 0.001) and YBC-EDS scores (r₂₀₁ = 0.28, p = < 0.001). POPS scores did not change with weight restoration and were not significantly associated with treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>OCPD personality traits were elevated among individuals with AN, though scores were lower than populations with OCPD. These traits did relate to illness severity, but not to treatment outcome. While these traits may merit attention in treatment, co-occurring OCPD may not be central to the kind of rigidity that perpetuates AN.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated Reward-Inhibition Network Interactions During Food-Cue Exposure in Disinhibited Restrained Eaters: Evidence From Task-Based PPI and DCM.","authors":"Shaorui Wang, Mingyue Xiao, Jinfeng Han, Yicen Cui, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1002/eat.24535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Disinhibited restrained eaters are particularly susceptible to dietary lapses and are at increased risk for the onset of eating disorders. To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying this vulnerability, the present study examined interactions between the reward and inhibition systems during food cue exposure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty female restrained eaters (aged 17-26 years) completed a task-based fMRI paradigm involving food and neutral cues under satiety. Participants were grouped by disinhibition level based on the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) were used to assess task-modulated functional and effective connectivity. Disinhibited eating was behaviorally assessed via the eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) paradigm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disinhibited restrained eaters showed weaker functional connectivity between reward (e.g., putamen, globus pallidus [GP]) and inhibition (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus [IFG]) regions, as well as reduced excitatory modulation from reward to inhibition regions (GP → inferior parietal lobule [IPL]). This diminished effective connectivity significantly predicted greater caloric intake during the EAH task.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study revealed a convergence of reduced functional and effective connectivity between the reward and inhibition systems in disinhibited restrained eaters. Both the synchrony and directional influence between these systems were weakened during food cue exposure. Notably, diminished excitatory modulation along the GP → IPL pathway significantly predicted greater caloric intake, suggesting this pathway may serve as a neural marker of vulnerability to disinhibited eating and dietary lapses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Functioning as a Predictor of Weight Gain in Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Christina M T Schilder, Lot C Sternheim, David J Hessen, Annemarie A van Elburg, Unna N Danner","doi":"10.1002/eat.24531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to determine whether the cognitive functioning of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) at the start of treatment predicts weight increase during the following year.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Female participants (n = 226, age 16 years and older) with AN or atypical AN completed a neuropsychological assessment, covering a broad range of cognitive functions, at the start of treatment. BMI was determined at three-month intervals for a period of 1 year. Latent growth curve modeling was used to test associations between neuropsychological functioning and weight gain trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stronger central coherence, as assessed by the Rey Complex Figure immediate recall, was associated with a more favorable (linear) trajectory of weight gain. In addition, both low and high levels of inhibitory control, as assessed by the inhibition subtest of the D-KEFS Color Word Interference Test (adjusted for speed) were linked to less optimal weight development over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that stronger central coherence may support weight gain in AN. The observed association between both high and low levels of inhibitory control and less favorable weight trajectories is novel and may point to the relevance of self-regulatory functioning in recovery; however, further investigation is needed. Replication and studies with longer follow-up are necessary to clarify these associations and inform more tailored treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Trajectories of Weight and Mental Health and Their Prognostic Significance 6 Years After Obesity Surgery.","authors":"Anja Hilbert, Annika Strömer, Christian Staerk, Ben Schreglmann, Thomas Mansfeld, Johannes Sander, Florian Seyfried, Stefan Kaiser, Christine Stroh, Arne Dietrich, Ricarda Schmidt, Andreas Mayr","doi":"10.1002/eat.24527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obesity surgery (OS) results in substantial, albeit heterogeneous, long-term improvements in weight and mental health, with unclear trajectories and their associations. This study examined multivariate trajectories of weight, psychopathology, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after OS, and their prospective association with long-term health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In the prospective multicenter Psychosocial Registry of Obesity Surgery, N = 856 patients were classified into multivariate trajectory classes using latent class linear mixed models, based on assessments of weight, depression, eating disorder psychopathology, and HRQOL at baseline and annually 1-5 years following OS. The prognostic significance of trajectory classes for 6-year follow-up was examined. Multivariate trajectory modeling was compared with univariate weight trajectory modeling for concordance and prognostic significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three trajectory classes of low (I, 2.8%), medium (II, 89.1%), and high (III, 8.1%) sustainability 1-5 years after OS, indicating high (I) or gradual deterioration (II) or further improvement (III) after initial improvement of indicators. The low sustainability class (I) reached nadir improvements earliest. Consistently, trajectory classes were prospectively associated with differential clinically significant improvement in weight and mental health at the 6-year follow-up. Multivariate trajectory modeling was discordant with univariate weight trajectory modeling and showed greater predictive value for health outcomes at the 6-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Patients who achieve nadir improvements in weight and mental health early may require clinical attention to prevent long-term relapse. Monitoring changes in the first years after OS appears essential to identify patients in need of additional intervention, ideally using indicators beyond weight, such as mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restrictive and Binge-Purge OSFED Variants: Clinical Features and Comparisons With Classical Eating Disorders.","authors":"Linda Booij, Emily Mizzi, Samantha Ginsberg, Howard Steiger","doi":"10.1002/eat.24533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Current diagnostic nomenclature includes \"atypical\" eating disorders (EDs) under the term other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED). Previous studies suggest that individuals with OSFED have similar psychological and concurrent symptoms to individuals with \"classical\" EDs. Our study compared people with OSFED to those with classical EDs on indices reflecting ED pathology, concurrent psychological symptoms, personality traits, functional impairment, illness duration, and pretreatment motivation. We also compared OSFED variants characterized solely by restrictive eating behaviors (OSFED-R) to variants in which binge-eating and/or purging symptoms predominated (OSFED-B/P).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 836 treatment-seeking adults (185 AN-Restricting type [AN-R], 165 AN Binge-eating/purging type [AN-B/P], 276 BN, 104 OSFED-R, and 106 OSFED-B/P) starting outpatient ED treatment. Data were analyzed with generalized linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, findings in individuals with OSFED were comparable to those in people with a \"classical\" ED diagnosis on self-reported measures of concurrent psychological symptoms, personality traits, functional impairment, illness duration, and treatment motivation. However, relative to people with AN-R, individuals with OSFED-R reported higher levels of psychological ED symptoms (p < 0.001). The OSFED-B/P group had even more ED-related psychological symptoms than did the OSFED-R group (p = 0.02), but did not differ from the AN-B/P and BN groups on any of our indices.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings extend previous research, underscoring the point that OSFED syndromes have serious clinical implications, comparable to those associated with full-threshold AN and BN. Results also highlight the relevance of examining heterogeneity within the OSFED category in function of a restrictive vs. binge/purge distinction.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Historical Cohort Comparison After Inpatient Admission for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: Feasibility of Virtual Group Therapy.","authors":"Elizabeth V Franklin, Margaret Mathias, Rachel Wolfe, Duc T Nguyen, Drusilla M Rosales, Sofia Pedroza, Albert C Hergenroeder, Constance M Wiemann","doi":"10.1002/eat.24534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Access to follow-up care after a medical admission for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) is important; yet access can be delayed or unavailable. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a supplemental virtual 8-week outpatient group therapy program following inpatient care. A secondary aim explored the outpatient program's impact on self-reported anxiety, disordered eating, and depression symptoms, and readmission rates.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective chart review study compared 68 adolescents (aged 11-18) with AN enrolled in an 8-week group therapy program (Recovery and Prevention Program [RAPP]) to 64 adolescents who were not enrolled in RAPP (historical cohort). \"RAPP completers\" were defined as having attended 75% of their scheduled virtual therapy appointments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RAPP demonstrated strong feasibility and acceptability, with a weekly attendance averaging 80%, and high participant satisfaction ratings (4.2 out of 5). Within-group comparisons of RAPP participants found that greater attendance was associated with decreased anxiety (p = 0.01) and ED symptoms (p < 0.001). Compared to females in the historical cohort, female RAPP completers had lower readmission rates within 6 months of discharge (p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary changes over time in appointment attendance and self-reported mental health symptoms among adolescents with AN discharging from an inpatient ED program participating in a supplemental virtual group therapy program.</p><p><strong>Public significance: </strong>This study demonstrated that an 8-week virtual group therapy program (RAPP) is feasible and acceptable to adolescents with AN post-inpatient treatment and could serve as a promising supplement to family-based treatment to improve access to necessary follow-up care, including publicly insured patients from primarily Spanish-speaking families.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Outpatients Experience 20-Session Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa (CBT-AN-20)? A Qualitative Exploration.","authors":"Heather C Duggan, Charlotte Rose, Hannah Turner, Jessica Cox, Rachel Ebbens, Jade Southron, Glenn Waller","doi":"10.1002/eat.24528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>More efficient psychological treatments are needed to move patients with anorexia nervosa toward recovery at the earliest opportunity and reduce treatment waiting times. CBT-AN-20 is a novel, 20-session cognitive-behavioral therapy for outpatients with anorexia nervosa, emphasizing recovery from the very start of treatment. This qualitative study explored adult patients' experiences of receiving CBT-AN-20.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixteen patients' survey data were collected (January 2023-May 2024) as part of a broader study conducted in two UK-based specialized community eating disorder services (Preregistration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6RTSK). Patients were adults with anorexia nervosa assessed as suitable for outpatient therapy. Respondents included treatment completers and non-completers. Responses were analyzed using descriptives (Likert-scale questions) and thematic analysis (open-ended questions). Ethical clearance was obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBT-AN-20's suitability was rated moderately high, and its helpfulness was rated positively. Thematic analysis identified three main themes: \"Importance of Therapeutic Relationship\", \"Characteristics of Therapy\" (i.e., its structure and content), and \"Experiences of Therapy Over Time\". While patients broadly perceived the therapeutic relationship as important, they had mixed opinions regarding its characteristics, and their experiences of therapy changed over time and at different treatment stages.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CBT-AN-20 appears acceptable and potentially helpful for some adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa. The development of targeted psychoeducational materials to motivate patients through CBT-AN-2's challenging early stages is recommended. Future research should involve patients in the qualitative analysis and explore therapists' perspectives. Triangulating these results with patient outcome data will enable researchers to evaluate the next steps in developing and testing this novel therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity and Appetitive Traits: A Prospective Analysis in Generation XXI Cohort.","authors":"Alexandra Costa, Marion M Hetherington, Andreia Oliveira","doi":"10.1002/eat.24530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association between food insecurity at age 10 and appetitive traits at age 13.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis included a subsample of participants from the Generation XXI birth cohort with available data on the variable of interest. Household food security status was assessed using the US Household Food Security Survey Module, completed by the primary caregiver. In addition, children's perceptions of food security at age 10 were evaluated using the Self-Administered Food Security Survey Module. Appetitive traits were assessed at age 13 by the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Linear regression models, adjusted for socio-demographic variables, estimated the associations between food insecurity and appetitive traits (n = 2495).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At age 10, 5.8% of participants lived in food-insecure households. These participants showed greater responsiveness to food ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ hat{beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.27, 95% CI 0.13, 0.42), enjoyed foods more ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ hat{beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.22, 95% CI 0.08, 0.35), had a higher desire to drink ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ hat{beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.26, 95% CI 0.14, 0.37), and more emotional overeating ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ hat{beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.28, 95% CI 0.15, 0.41) and emotional undereating ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><mover><mi>β</mi> <mo>̂</mo></mover> </mrow> <annotation>$$ hat{beta} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.15, 95% CI 0.01, 0.28) 3 years later compared to those from food-Secure households. Analysis using child-reported perceived food security status showed similar relationships, except for emotional undereating, where there was no significant association.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Experience of food insecurity in childhood was associated with increased food approach appetitive traits at age 13, reflecting amplification of an avid appetite phenotype and acquisition of emotional eating. These results highlight food insecurity's potential long-term health consequences during critical developmental periods.</p><p><strong>Public significance statement: </strong>Children who experienced food insecurity at age 10 showed a stronger response to food, a greater interest in eating, and a tendency to eat in response to negative emotions by age 13. These behaviors are known to increase the risk of obesity. Early food insecurity can have long-lasting effects on children's health and eating behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Spectrum Within Eating Disorders: Clustering Neurodivergent Traits and Sensory Sensitivity.","authors":"Paolo Meneguzzo, Marta Magno, Alice Garolla, Elisa Bonello, Elena Tenconi, Patrizia Todisco","doi":"10.1002/eat.24529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Emerging research suggests that autistic traits and sensory sensitivities are prevalent among individuals with eating disorders (EDs), particularly females. Traditional diagnostic approaches may overlook the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental features within this population. A person-centered approach could uncover meaningful subgroups and guide individualized treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify neurocognitive profiles among cisgender female ED patients, focusing on autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, social cognition, and clinical severity, through a dimensional and person-centered clustering approach.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 164 cisgender female patients were assessed using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ-10), Girls Questionnaire for Autism Spectrum Condition (GQ-ASC), Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ-10), Story-based Empathy Task (SET), and clinical measures including the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method) was conducted on standardized scores. Between-cluster comparisons and multinomial logistic regression assessed the robustness and predictive validity of the cluster solution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four distinct clusters emerged, differing significantly in autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, social cognition, and ED severity (all p < 0.001). Profiles included a neurodivergent high-risk group, a cognitively compensated group, a sensory-reactive group, and a classically symptomatic group. Multinomial logistic regression predicted cluster membership with 94% accuracy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Neurodevelopmental dimensions meaningfully differentiate ED subgroups and may inform more personalized, stratified care. These findings highlight the importance of integrating autistic traits, sensory processing, and social cognition into ED assessment and treatment planning.</p><p><strong>Public significance statement: </strong>This study identifies four distinct neurodevelopmental and clinical profiles among women with eating disorders, defined by differences in autistic traits, sensory sensitivity, and social cognition. Understanding these profiles can help clinicians recognize the diversity of presentations in eating disorders and adapt interventions to the specific needs of each individual, particularly those with neurodivergent features, ultimately promoting more personalized and effective care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Jana Bruns, Marieke Meier, Katrin Jansen","doi":"10.1002/eat.24519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This meta-analysis aims to provide an update on the efficacy of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders (EDs) in the light of recent advances in the field, particularly the emergence of new approaches like self-help.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted multivariate multilevel meta-analyses using data from 42 randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of individual CBT for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and mixed eating disorder samples. Outcomes included ED pathology, the frequency of binge eating and compensatory behaviors, and body mass index. The type of comparison group, treatment format, treatment duration, baseline ED severity, and year of publication were analyzed as potential moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBT was more efficacious with regard to all relevant outcomes than waitlist conditions. For anorexia nervosa, there were no studies using a waitlist condition. CBT was not superior to active treatments for any disorder or any outcome. Therapist-led treatment for bulimia nervosa showed a significant effect for all outcomes, while self-help formats only did for some outcomes. Treatment duration and publication year were significant moderators for mixed EDs, while greater baseline severity was associated with larger effects of CBT for binge-eating disorder.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The variety of active controls impeded comparative analyses of CBT with specific active controls. Effects were heterogeneous; the majority of studies had a poor risk of bias assessment. There is a paucity of research, particularly of treatment studies for anorexia nervosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}