Hugo Senra, Cristiana Duarte, Sérgio A Carvalho, Luís Simões, Cláudia Ferreira, Lara Palmeira, Marcela Matos, Marina Cunha, Paula Castilho, Bruno Sousa, Luis Cordeiro, José Pinto-Gouveia
{"title":"eBEfree: Combining Psychoeducation, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion in an App-Based Psychological Intervention to Manage Binge-Eating Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Hugo Senra, Cristiana Duarte, Sérgio A Carvalho, Luís Simões, Cláudia Ferreira, Lara Palmeira, Marcela Matos, Marina Cunha, Paula Castilho, Bruno Sousa, Luis Cordeiro, José Pinto-Gouveia","doi":"10.1002/eat.24432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and test the effectiveness of the eBEfree program, a 12-session app-based version of a previously tested psychological intervention (BEfree) that combines psycho-education, self-compassion, mindfulness, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to reduce binge-eating symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two-hundred participants with recurrent elevated binge-eating symptoms and a higher body weight were enrolled in a remote parallel-group randomized trial, of which 142 completed the initial assessment (70 in the intervention group). The end-of-treatment and follow-up assessments were conducted 12 weeks after the initial assessment and 26 weeks after the end of treatment, respectively. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyzes were undertaken using frequentist linear mixed models and Bayesian hierarchical models to test the intervention effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>43 (waitlist control) and 29 (intervention) participants completed the end-of-treatment assessment, showing a high attrition rate (51%). ITT analyzes showed the eBEfree program to be associated with a significant reduction in binge eating symptomatology from baseline to end-of-treatment (β = -9.49, ρ < 0.0001, g = -1.17), and from end-of-treatment to 26-weeks follow-up (β = -6.01, ρ = 0.04, g = -1.08). At end-of-treatment, the intervention was also associated with a decrease in body mass index and depression symptomatology, as well as an improvement in dimensions of self-criticism and mindfulness. More than 80% of participants rated the quality of the program as positive and helpful.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This trial suggests potential benefits of the eBEfree program to help individuals manage symptoms of binge-eating more effectively, reduce weight, and improve well-being and mental health. The intervention benefits should be confirmed in future larger trials.</p><p><strong>Public significance: </strong>Treating binge-eating (BE) symptoms and associated comorbidities might be challenging for mental health services. Digital and app-based interventions can be a valuable resource to help people manage symptoms and improve well-being and mental health. The current trial suggests the potential benefits of an app-based intervention (eBEfree program) to help people reduce BE symptoms and develop psychological strategies to promote well-being and mental health.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04101032 (\"eBEfree-an ICT Adaptation of BEfree\").</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carli P Howe, Seung Yeon Baik, Laura D'Adamo, Mia Kouveliotes, Zhaoyi Pan, Lawrence Monocello, Marie-Laure Firebaugh, Daniel Eisenberg, Michelle G Newman, Denise E Wilfley, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft
{"title":"Examining Prevalence and Presentations of Eating Disorders Across Racial/Ethnic Groups in a National, Population-Based Sample of College Students.","authors":"Carli P Howe, Seung Yeon Baik, Laura D'Adamo, Mia Kouveliotes, Zhaoyi Pan, Lawrence Monocello, Marie-Laure Firebaugh, Daniel Eisenberg, Michelle G Newman, Denise E Wilfley, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft","doi":"10.1002/eat.24427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Eating disorders (EDs) are prevalent in college students, yet limited research on EDs across racial/ethnic groups in population-based samples exists. This study aimed to examine differences in prevalence and presentations of EDs by race/ethnicity in a national college sample.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Students at 26 US colleges/universities (N = 29,951) completed a population-based mental health screen. Prevalence of probable anorexia nervosa (AN), clinical/subclinical bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge-eating disorder (BED) and ED risk were examined across racial/ethnic groups by gender using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Among those with probable EDs, ED behavior frequency, weight/shape concerns, probable psychiatric comorbidities, and psychotherapy utilization were compared across groups using chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, and one-way analyses of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asian women had higher AN prevalence than Black, Hispanic, and White women; AN prevalence in Black women was lower than Asian, Hispanic, Multiracial, and White women (p < 0.05). Hispanic women had higher BN/BED prevalence than Asian, Black, and White women, and higher ED risk prevalence than Asian, Multiracial, and White women (p < 0.05). Among those with EDs (N = 3929), there were no significant differences in ED behavior frequencies between any groups. White women had higher comorbid probable alcohol use disorder prevalence than Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial women (p < 0.05). Asian men had lower psychotherapy utilization than Black, Hispanic, Multiracial, and White men (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Prevalence of EDs was similar across racial/ethnic groups; where differences emerged, minoritized students often had a higher prevalence. Results highlight the need for routine ED screening for all college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond Western Frameworks: Rethinking ARFID Diagnosis and Treatment-Lessons From Latin America.","authors":"Eva Trujillo-ChiVacuán","doi":"10.1002/eat.24422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) presents significant diagnostic and treatment challenges across diverse populations. Although recent studies from Sweden and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) provide valuable data on ARFID prevalence and assessment limitations, they highlight critical gaps in the applicability of diagnostic tools across cultural contexts. ARFID in Latin America remains largely underdiagnosed due to limited awareness, inadequate clinician training, and a lack of validated screening instruments adapted to the region's dietary habits, socioeconomic conditions, and healthcare infrastructure. Our research in Mexico, presented at ICED 2019, confirms that ARFID is not a culture-bound syndrome but manifests in culturally specific ways. A strong preference for traditional foods such as tortillas, beans, and rice was frequently observed, with food neophobia playing a central role in restriction. The Nine Item ARFID Screen (NIAS), originally developed in English, has been translated and validated in Spanish (Medina-Tepal et al.). However, further adaptation is required to ensure it addresses these regional nuances. Additionally, post-pandemic healthcare strain and the rise of underqualified professionals exacerbate diagnostic delays and treatment failures. This commentary underscores the urgent need for culturally tailored diagnostic tools, increased clinician training, and institutional policies that support the development of specialized ARFID treatment frameworks in Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Meier, D van Hoeken, C C M Kager, A E van Eeden, A J Oldehinkel, H W Hoek
{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa in Dutch Primary Care.","authors":"K Meier, D van Hoeken, C C M Kager, A E van Eeden, A J Oldehinkel, H W Hoek","doi":"10.1002/eat.24431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence rates of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) in Dutch primary care by comparing pre-pandemic (2015-2019) and in-pandemic (2020-2022) periods. We hypothesized that the incidence of AN and BN would increase during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from general practitioners' electronic health records from the Nivel Primary Care Database, representing ~0.8% of the Dutch population. Incident AN and BN cases were identified using DSM-5 criteria. Incidence rates (IR) per 100,000 person-years were calculated and compared using incidence rate ratios (IRRs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall incidence rates of AN and BN did not increase significantly during the pandemic (AN: IRR = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.8-1.8; BN: IRR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.5-1.8). Non-significant increases in AN were observed among females overall (+29%, IRR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.9-2.0) and among 10- to 14-year-old females (+28%, IRR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.4-3.7). The BN incidence decreased significantly among females aged 20-24 years from 53.8 to 10.7 per 100,000 person-years (IRR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.0-0.9).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find increased incidence rates during the pandemic. The overall incidence of AN among females increased non-significantly by 29%. The previously observed rising trend in AN among 10- to 14-year-old females in 1985-2019 did not have a significant sequel into the pandemic era, although it increased by 28%. The BN incidence remained stable overall and decreased significantly among young adult females.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Lifestyle With Probable Eating Disorders in Chinese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Weiqing Jiang, Shuyi Peng, Wentong Liu, Wenjing Zhou, Qianyu Liu, Yannan Guo, Guiyu Jiang, Yitong He, Lan Guo","doi":"10.1002/eat.24430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To examine the independent association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and lifestyle patterns with incident probable eating disorders among adolescents, and to explore whether healthy lifestyle affects incident probable eating disorders that vary by ACEs exposure levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study included 7726 adolescents (mean [SD] age at baseline, 15.89 [0.60] years) without eating disorders at baseline. At baseline, we collected 11 ACE indicators and 6 healthy lifestyle behaviors (i.e., appropriate sleep duration, sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, less screen time, no smoking, no drinking, and a balanced diet). The Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire was used to measure probable eating disorders at baseline and at a 4-month follow-up. Generalized mixed logistic models, as well as stratified and joint analyzes, were performed, with mediation and interaction analyzes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the included participants, 917 adolescents (11.87%) developed probable eating disorders during follow-up. Accumulation of ACEs was independently associated with an increased risk of incident probable eating disorders (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.14-1.27), even after adjusting for lifestyle behaviors. Conversely, a higher healthy lifestyle score was independently associated with a lower risk of incident probable eating disorders (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76-0.88). Stratified analyzes showed that adolescents with a favorable lifestyle had a consistently reduced risk of incident probable eating disorders compared with those with an unfavorable lifestyle, with the association particularly pronounced among those exposed to ACEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight that reducing exposure to ACEs and encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviors may help prevent eating disorders among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rethinking Screening, and Considering Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in the Clinical Presentation of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): A Commentary Building Upon Presseller et al. (2024).","authors":"Sandra Mulkens","doi":"10.1002/eat.24428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is increasingly recognized globally, yet its clinical presentation may vary across cultures. This commentary highlights the importance of considering cultural context in the assessment of ARFID. We begin by reflecting on a study by Presseller et al. which examines the utility of the nine-item ARFID screen (NIAS) in a large Swedish sample, finding that the NIAS alone may not adequately differentiate ARFID from eating disorders driven by shape/weight concerns. Building upon this, we broaden the discussion to include the potential comorbidity of ARFID and other eating disorders driven by weight/shape concern, which also requires additional assessment. Furthermore, we explore potential cross-cultural similarities and differences in ARFID presentation, drawing on clinical experience in the Netherlands, Europe, and globally. Factors such as cultural norms surrounding eating, the acceptability of expressing feeding difficulties, and food availability itself may all influence how ARFID manifests. A deeper understanding of these cultural nuances is essential for accurate diagnosis, culturally sensitive treatment approaches, and ultimately, improved outcomes for individuals with ARFID worldwide. The nuanced interplay of cultural factors and diagnostic tools underscores the imperative for tailored approaches in addressing ARFID across diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Barriers and Facilitators of Use of Artificial Intelligence in Eating Disorder Care: A Commentary on Linardon et al. (2025).","authors":"Gemma Sharp","doi":"10.1002/eat.24426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize mental health care, including for eating disorders, but there are still a number of concerns focused on ethics, governance, and regulation. As the authors found in their preliminary survey study involving mental health clinicians and people experiencing eating disorder symptoms, there was support and recognition of the benefits of AI tools in eating disorder care. However, participants also had concerns surrounding issues like data privacy, governance, information accuracy, and therapeutic rapport. From our own research involving the development of multiple AI tools, particularly chatbots, to assist people experiencing eating disorders and their loved ones, we suggest that these perceived barriers can be overcome with thoughtful and comprehensive codesign with multidisciplinary teams following ethical frameworks for AI and digital technologies. In this way, we can optimally mitigate the risk of using AI tools while still offering the most advanced technologies to treat eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annelie Zimmermann, Hanna Rupprecht, Stephan Lang, Rickmer Wienecke, Hanna-Sophia Henschke, Kaja Dickert, Katharina Schuster, Anna Staffeld, Christoph Berger, Alexander Dück, Michael Kölch, Antje Vogelgesang, Matthias Grothe, Leo Heinig, Lukas Wenzel, Markus Kipp, Linda Frintrop
{"title":"Increased Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Concentration Associated With Microglial Morphology Changes in Chronically-Starved Mice.","authors":"Annelie Zimmermann, Hanna Rupprecht, Stephan Lang, Rickmer Wienecke, Hanna-Sophia Henschke, Kaja Dickert, Katharina Schuster, Anna Staffeld, Christoph Berger, Alexander Dück, Michael Kölch, Antje Vogelgesang, Matthias Grothe, Leo Heinig, Lukas Wenzel, Markus Kipp, Linda Frintrop","doi":"10.1002/eat.24423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with hyperactivity, amenorrhea, and brain atrophy. Weight rehabilitation reversed these symptoms, although the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are mostly unknown. Serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels are widely used as a biomarker of neurodegeneration. Based on neuroimaging studies and increased serum NfL levels, we assume that neurodegeneration is a core neuropathological feature in AN patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Female mice were given a limited amount of food once a day and had unlimited access to a running wheel until they reached a 25% weight reduction, which was maintained for 2 weeks to mimic chronic starvation. This was followed by 3 weeks of refeeding. Running activity was measured by wheel sensors, while amenorrhea was determined by analyzing vaginal smears. Brain sections were used to investigate brain volumes. NfL levels were determined using a NF-light assay. Behavioral tests such as forced swim and elevated plus maze assessed behavioral changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify the density of microglia, while their morphological analysis was performed using Neurolucida 360.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chronic starvation led to AN-related symptoms of hyperactivity and amenorrhea. The decreased cerebral cortex, hippocampal, and corpus callosum volumes were paralleled by increased NfL levels after chronic starvation. A behavioral association was reduced anxiety-like behavior after chronic starvation. Starvation induced decreased microglial density, increased soma area, and prolonged microglial processes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Chronic starvation led to an increase in NfL levels and changed microglial morphology in a mouse model of AN, suggesting that neuronal pathophysiology may contribute to the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing the Science of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Six Key Questions.","authors":"P Evelyna Kambanis, Jennifer J Thomas","doi":"10.1002/eat.24418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has rapidly emerged as a substantial focus of research and clinical attention since its introduction in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5). This special issue brings together over 30 articles that answer six of the field's most compelling current research questions about ARFID. Specifically, key contributions explore: (1) whether the diagnostic criteria for ARFID should be revised; (2) how well our current self-report measures assess ARFID symptoms; (3) candidate psychological mechanisms that may maintain ARFID symptoms; (4) whether common medical comorbidities may provide clues to etiology; (5) how close we are to identifying evidence-based treatments; and (6) how cultural context may shape ARFID phenotypic presentation. A critical gap remains in understanding ARFID across diverse cultural contexts, with most research still centered in North America and Europe. Expanding global research and refining transdiagnostic and personalized treatment approaches-including combining existing interventions into a comprehensive model of stepped or adaptive care-will be essential next steps in the field. In sum, this issue reflects the rapid evolution of ARFID research and lays the groundwork for future advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleanor Trethewey, Subhadra Evans, Shane McIver, Michael de Manincor, Janani Janakiraman, Arvind V Iyer, Melissa O'Shea
{"title":"Consensus-Based Recommendations for Yoga as Adjunct Therapy in Eating Disorder Treatment: A Delphi Study.","authors":"Eleanor Trethewey, Subhadra Evans, Shane McIver, Michael de Manincor, Janani Janakiraman, Arvind V Iyer, Melissa O'Shea","doi":"10.1002/eat.24420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop consensus-based statements, combining the expertise of eating disorder (ED) clinicians and yoga instructors, on key considerations for applying yoga for individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A two-round modified Delphi technique was conducted via an online survey platform. Participants rated the importance of various yoga components to ensure the safety and therapeutic usefulness of yoga for the EDs. Survey items covered key aspects of yoga, including style, frequency, duration, environmental factors, safety precautions (e.g., medical monitoring), language and expression, instructor qualifications, postures, breathwork, and meditation practices. A total of 12 ED clinicians and 16 yoga instructors participated in the first round, with 10 clinicians and 13 instructors completing the second round.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>General recommendations were developed for both the transdiagnostic and disorder-specific application of yoga. These were organized into six core areas: yoga style, environmental factors, dosage, language and expression, the instructor's role, and the integration of yoga into ED treatment. Additionally, the yoga panel provided technique-specific recommendations addressing postures, breathwork, and meditation practices for both transdiagnostic and disorder-specific application across the ED spectrum.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study offers preliminary recommendations for integrating yoga into ED treatment through developing consensus-based statements. The findings emphasize both transdiagnostic and disorder-specific considerations for EDs, while highlighting the importance of trauma-informed, individualized approaches. Further research is needed to develop comprehensive guidelines for the therapeutic use of yoga in eating disorder treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}