EndeavourPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100900
David E. Dunning
{"title":"Constructing the “home-side” of a scientific legacy: Mary Everest Boole, pedagogy, and domesticity","authors":"David E. Dunning","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Victorian writer Mary Everest Boole (1832–1916) developed an idiosyncratic pedagogical treatment of arithmetic, algebra, and logic. Her pedagogy favored active, child-directed learning, and is now generally admired as ahead of its time, though it must be deciphered through fairly eccentric delivery. A recurring theme in Mrs. Boole’s prolific writing is the misunderstood legacy of her late husband, the renowned mathematician and logician George Boole (1815–1864). As existing literature has shown, she worked to promote a morally and religiously charged understanding of his work. More fundamentally, she presented an all-encompassing pedagogical perspective on Mr. Boole’s life and work. Across her voluminous publications, Mrs. Boole filtered everything—mathematics, logic, religion, morality, and homelife—through the lens of pedagogy. She used this expansive conception of teaching to span the gulf between professional and domestic work, thereby claiming a privileged domestic perspective on her husband’s intellectual output and enlisting his legacy as a resource for her own writing. The Booles’ entangled careers show how particular ways of practicing domesticity could shape and be shaped by mathematical identities and ideas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 4","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138568288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100901
Sylvia M. Nickerson
{"title":"Marrying the radical, the conventional, and the mystical: Mathematics, gender and religion in the lives of William Kingdon and Lucy Lane Clifford","authors":"Sylvia M. Nickerson","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The avowed atheist, evolutionary naturalist and mathematician William Kingdon Clifford is often remembered for his essay, “The Ethics of Belief,” in which he opposed organized religion in any form. As a mathematician, Clifford was an early advocate of non-Euclidean geometry in England. Combining William Rowan Hamilton’s work on quaternions with Hermann Grassmann’s theory of linear extension, he invented an original system of geometric algebra. Breaking with conservative traditionalism in his philosophical and mathematical work, Clifford’s marriage to the children’s writer, novelist, and dramatist Lucy Lane was a relatively conventional, if brief, Victorian marriage. After his untimely death from consumption in 1879, Lucy outlived her husband by fifty years. Raising their two daughters and supporting herself after his passing, Lucy refashioned Clifford’s posthumous reputation to temper his philosophical radicalism. Her collaboration with Clifford’s publisher and editor reveal Lucy’s concern that Clifford not be remembered as someone ruled by passion in his mathematical work. Her efforts to expunge writings suggestive of William’s weakness, excitability, or inconstancy from the public record demonstrates her desire to craft an image of her husband in alignment with gendered expectations of masculinity. This paper argues that Lucy fashioning of William’s memory conformed, rather than departed from, normative parameters of gender as defined by Victorian society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 4","pages":"Article 100901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138657030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100885
Dorien Daling
{"title":"“On the ruins of seriality”: The scientific journal and the nature of the scientific life","authors":"Dorien Daling","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Twenty-first-century discourse on science has been marked by narratives of crisis. Science is said to be experiencing crises of public trust, of peer review and publishing, of reproducibility and replicability, and of recognition and reward. The dominant response has been to “repair” the scientific literature and the system of scientific publishing through open science. This paper places the current predicament of scholarly communication in historical perspective by exploring the evolution of the scientific journal in the second half of the twentieth century. I focus on a new genre of scientific journal invented by Dutch commercial publishers shortly after World War II, and on its effects on the nature of the scientific life. I show that profit-oriented publishers and discipline-building scientists worked together to make postwar science more open, while also arguing that formats of scientific publication have their own agency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 4","pages":"Article 100885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016093272300042X/pdfft?md5=81d4e016384856ad19a9560b4be29013&pid=1-s2.0-S016093272300042X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100874
Mateusz Wajzer
{"title":"The reductionism of genopolitics in the context of the relationships between biology and political science","authors":"Mateusz Wajzer","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The past two decades have seen an increase in the use of theories, data, assumptions and methods of the biological sciences in studying political phenomena. One of the approaches that combine biology with political science is genopolitics. The goal of the study was to analyse the basic ontological, methodological and epistemological assumptions for the reductionism of genopolitics. The results show that genopolitics assumes methodological reductionism but rejects ontological and epistemological reductionism. The key consequences of the findings are the irreducibility of political science to biology and the complementarity of genopolitical explanations and political science explanations based on culturalism. If my findings prove to be correct, they give rise to the formation of a hypothesis regarding the anti-reductionist orientation of the contemporary links between political science and biology. An important step towards confirming or falsifying such a hypothesis will be exploring the reductionism of contemporary biopolitical approaches such as neuropolitics or evolutionary political psychology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 3","pages":"Article 100874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10038755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100876
Caroline Wechsler , Hannah Marcus
{"title":"Long life: Aging and the anxieties of longevity from the premodern to the present","authors":"Caroline Wechsler , Hannah Marcus","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed concerns around life span and aging, but these tensions and anxieties around longevity are not new. Physicians, scientists, and philosophers have been meditating on the idea and consequences of life extension for many centuries. In this short article, we put into conversation some of the ways that people have understood longevity from the early modern period to the present. We trace the history of texts like Alvise Cornaro's <em>Treatise on the Sober Life</em> through present-day dieting manuals, consider accounts of extreme old age from Old Man Parr in the sixteenth century to Jeanne Calment in the twentieth, and reflect on the role of caretakers for older adults, from Gabriele Zerbi’s fifteenth-century <em>gerontocomos</em> to graphic novel representations of aging parents in the present. Our goal is to represent the history of human longevity and aging as integrated, dynamic processes, helping us better explain and address the present treatment of elders and how to improve their care in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 3","pages":"Article 100876"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41167453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100884
Omar Olivares Sandoval
{"title":"Colima volcano’s archive of observations: The invention of a geological history from Johann Mortiz Rugendas to Paul Waitz","authors":"Omar Olivares Sandoval","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1936 the Austrian geologist Paul Waitz published a seminal bibliographical, historical essay on Colima volcano, Mexico. His article exemplifies well the paths by which geology became what Lorraine Daston has termed sciences of the archive, that is, the manner in which scientific disciplines became concerned with archival work. Waitz's historical description of studies of Colima volcano built a genealogy of observations, ultimately constructing a history of the volcano itself. By bringing attention not only to Waitz’s discourse but also to his treatment of visual objects, such as pictorial and photographic landscapes, my article points out how long-term aesthetics, such as the picturesque and the sublime, functioned as tropes which enabled a standardized perception, essential to visualize a clear history of scientific observations, from the landscape paintings of the nineteenth-century artist Johann Moritz Rugendas to Waitz’s own photographs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 3","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41176307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100873
Robert Luke Naylor
{"title":"Why Barbie and not Oppenheimer","authors":"Robert Luke Naylor","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 3","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49899243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100875
Giles E.M. Gasper , Brian K. Tanner
{"title":"“In the shape of a cooking pot over the fire”: Records of solar prominences in the 1180s","authors":"Giles E.M. Gasper , Brian K. Tanner","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The second half of the 1180s witnessed an unusual number of solar eclipses visible within Europe in quick succession. These were recorded or referenced in a wide range of sources, from chronicles in Latin and Old Church Slavonic to the earliest epic poem from the medieval Rus’. A comparison between key elements of these accounts reveals several notable features. First, the identification of solar prominences. The account of the 1185 total eclipse from the Rus’ <em>Laurentian Chronicle</em> is well established in this context as the first probable textual witness to the phenomenon in Europe. It may not be the only one, however. A similar identification can be made within a Latin chronicle from England, by Gervase, monk of the community at Christ Church Cathedral Priory, for the total eclipse of 1187. Second, the contemporaneous nature of the descriptions is noteworthy, and more so in comparison with other contemporary accounts. A third area for focus concerns the nature of the observations and a case-study of Gervase of Canterbury who, if not an eye-witness to what he records, includes generally accurate accounts. These make his occasional inaccuracies all the more intriguing. Fourth, the wider comparison highlights the importance of taking account historical records across the European medieval heritage, Slavic and Orthodox alongside Latin and Catholic traditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"47 3","pages":"Article 100875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10192876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2023-08-16eCollection Date: 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/PG9.0000000000000349
Joel B Winnick, Noel Jacobs, Jennie G David, Mai Ku Moua, Shehzad A Saeed
{"title":"Variability of Psychosocial Services Within the ImproveCareNow Learning Health System: Opportunities for Optimization.","authors":"Joel B Winnick, Noel Jacobs, Jennie G David, Mai Ku Moua, Shehzad A Saeed","doi":"10.1097/PG9.0000000000000349","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PG9.0000000000000349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Care for youth with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the focus of ImproveCareNow (ICN), an international learning health system devoted to quality care and improved outcomes through collaboration, data sharing, and research. Known to be significantly disruptive to normative social development and quality of life, pediatric IBD significantly increases the risk of internalizing distress and secondary developmental sequelae. While multidisciplinary support including psychosocial care (from social workers and pediatric psychologists) is growing, this evidence-based and beneficial set of services is not universally available to youth with IBD. In a survey sent to the more than 100 established ICN centers, psychosocial providers attempted to identify the coverage and practice scope of psychosocial providers within the network. Results indicated that support varies widely by service type and availability of providers. Recommendations for further research and considerations for centers seeking to expand supports are considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":"3 1","pages":"e349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10684172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75083473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}