EndeavourPub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100817
Davina Höll , Leonie N. Bossert
{"title":"Introducing the microbiome: Interdisciplinary perspectives","authors":"Davina Höll , Leonie N. Bossert","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9412664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10358121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100819
Anna Wienhues
{"title":"Looking through the microscope: Microbes as a challenge for theorising biocentrism within environmental ethics","authors":"Anna Wienhues","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While in the humanities and social sciences at large we can observe posthumanist developments that engage with the microbiome, microbes are still not a major topic of discussion within environmental ethics. That the environmental ethics literature has not engaged extensively with this topic is surprising considering the range of theoretical challenges (and opportunities) it poses for environmental theorising. So, this paper is ‘looking through the microscope’ from an environmental ethics angle in order to see how these little beings challenge what we consider to be ethically relevant and how we conduct moral theorising. Especially interesting is how a focus on microbes can simultaneously support and challenge individualist biocentric intuitions and theories, which attribute moral standing to (some) microbes. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to lay out crucial aspects of these challenges and present some initial arguments about why not all of them pose a serious threat to biocentric theorising—including biocentric theories of interspecies justice. The three challenges discussed are (1) the moral significance challenge, (2) the self-defence predicament, and (3) undermining individualist biocentric intuitions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932722000199/pdfft?md5=ade61c55d91d8c60d4b0c98e6742fb80&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932722000199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47412487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100815
Mathias Grote
{"title":"Microbes before microbiology: Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg and Berlin’s infusoria","authors":"Mathias Grote","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg pioneered research on living and fossil infusoria (including protists and bacteria) since the 1830s by collecting samples from all over the world, thus describing numerous microbes and discussing their effects for the planet and for humankind. This article introduces Ehrenberg as a natural historian of microbes and situates his work in the nineteenth century life sciences with respect to debates about cell theory, evolution, and concepts of disease. I argue that in spite of occurring before these major conceptual innovations of the life sciences, Ehrenberg’s work on the diversity of microbes found in earth or air is more exciting than historiography has made it appear so far, especially in light of today’s ecological microbiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39990058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100811
Grace Field , Emilie Skulberg
{"title":"A film review of Black Holes: The Edge of All We Know, directed by Peter Galison. Collapsar, Sandbox Films, 2020.","authors":"Grace Field , Emilie Skulberg","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71860155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100799
Kate MacCord
{"title":"Editorial: Highlighting Endeavour's In Vivo Section","authors":"Kate MacCord","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932721000545/pdfft?md5=e480f37def0141b4d1df1ef41956f2df&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932721000545-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39819802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EndeavourPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100801
Jafar Taheri
{"title":"Celestial and mythical origins of the citadel of Bukhara","authors":"Jafar Taheri","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2022.100801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Narshakhī's <em>The History of Bukhara</em>, an account from the tenth century AD that has been narrated as a mythical and strange story about the formation of the citadel of Bukhara, has received scanty scholarly attention. This study addresses some of the unknown semantic and symbolic origins of Iranian citadels and fortresses through an analysis of documented legends and other classical sources. This analysis shows that the citadel (<em>qal'a</em>) was built based on the conceptual archetype of the Utopia of Kangdiz (Siāvošgerd) and the geometric shape of Banāt Naʿsh (Big Dipper), which has played a symbolic role in protecting and guarding in Persian cosmology. This celestial analogy can explain the causes and origins of the irregular shape of some other Iranian citadels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44774698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 0.6 4区 哲学
EndeavourPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100778
EndeavourPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100800
Theresa Marie Duckwitz, Dominik Groß
{"title":"Searching for motives: Suicides of doctors and dentists in the Third Reich and the postwar period, 1933–1949","authors":"Theresa Marie Duckwitz, Dominik Groß","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The criminal practices of National Socialism not only led to millions of murders, but also to increased suicide rates. The present study examines a specific aspect of this phenomenon: the suicides and corresponding motives of 275 German doctors and dentists in the period from 1933 to 1949. The analysis is based on a wide variety of primary and secondary sources. Most suicides were due to National Socialist repression, with peaks in 1938 and 1942. One fifth of the cases were among National Socialist perpetrators, with a peak of those suicides occurring in 1945. The motives for suicide ranged from despair to a lack of career prospects to a final act of self-determination and political opposition; many of the doctors experienced or expected a social downfall before attempting suicide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39964661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 0.6 4区 哲学
EndeavourPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100781