Ecohealth最新文献

{"title":"Environmental Drivers of Ranavirus Infection in Anurans of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.","authors":"Joice Ruggeri, Luisa P Ribeiro, L Felipe Toledo","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01841-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-026-01841-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthropogenic habitat alteration makes amphibians particularly susceptible to pathogens such as Ranavirus (Rv). Despite severe fragmentation, Brazil's Atlantic Forest remains understudied regarding Rv distribution and impacts. We fill these gaps by mapping Rv across six amphibian communities from areas with varying habitat alteration to identify key conservation areas. We investigated whether susceptibility varies among hosts considering their reproductive modes and habitats. We screened ethanol-preserved livers from specimens previously tested for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) to detect potential co-infections, with emphasis on regions lacking Rv data. Our findings demonstrate that Rv is widespread across sampled anuran communities, with a 27% prevalence, and a few Rv⁺ individuals (n = 8) were found co-infected with Bd. As expected, anurans from sites experiencing severe habitat degradation, particularly the deforested landscapes of Linhares and Santa Teresa, are more prone to infection by Rv, and aquatic species suffer higher odds of Rv infection than terrestrial ones. Contrarily, anurans from less disturbed sites tend to bear higher Rv infection burdens, and infection intensity diminishes as elevation increases. These results highlight the urgent need for targeted habitat restoration, regular pathogen surveillance, and integrated conservation strategies to mitigate disease impact and preserve amphibian diversity in threatened Atlantic Forest ecosystems in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Analysis of CTX-M-15-Producing E. coli Colonizing a Rescued Capuchin Monkey.","authors":"Gabriel Siqueira Dos Santos, Gabrielli Santana Abreu, Melissa Prosperi Peixoto, Vanessa Caldeira Olivares, Felipe Almeida Lucato, Mariana Morgado Hereny, Giovanna Silva Alves de Lima, Marcello Schiavo Nardi, Sérgio de Mello Novita Teixeira, José Soares Ferreira Neto, Marcos Bryan Heinemann","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01842-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-026-01842-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Illegal wild animal trade and possession represents a threat to One Health due to the pathogens exchange between wild animals and humans. We report the detection and genomic characterization of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strain (MP02) colonizing a capuchin monkey (Sapajus sp.) rescued from illegal possession. MP02 exhibited ExPEC-related genes, harbored an IncHI2-ST1 plasmid composed of quinolones, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides resistance genes, besides the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-encoding gene bla_CTX-M-15 located in a conserved Tn3-like transposon. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report and genomic analysis of a MDR bacterium isolated from an illegally traded non-human primate.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Survey of Pathogenic Leptospira Species at a Major Park in Sydney, Australia.","authors":"Xiao Lu, Mark E Westman, Christine Griebsch, Jacqueline M Norris, Michael P Ward","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01845-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-026-01845-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since leptospirosis' re-emergence in Sydney, Australia, concerns about the risk of exposure to pathogenic Leptospira species at urban parks have risen. The current longitudinal environmental survey investigated the temporal detection of pathogenic Leptospira at a major recreational park and explored whether the presence of a flying-fox (Pteropus spp.) camp affects soil Leptospira detection. From February to October 2024, environmental samples and voided faecal samples (flying-fox faeces, and goose faeces as controls) were collected from Centennial Park, Sydney. The samples were tested by a diagnostic 16S rRNA TaqMan quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, and time series of the monthly minimum cycle threshold (Ct) values were generated to assess cross-correlation. Over the nine-month study period, pathogenic Leptospira was consistently detected in soil and water samples. Despite not being a known reservoir of Leptospira, three voided goose faecal samples tested qPCR-positive (Ct 38.22-38.84). There was no difference in qPCR results of soil collected from the flying-fox camp and another nearby location. The water Ct time series was not correlated with monthly precipitation, but was positively cross-correlated with the Ct time series of soil collected at the flying-fox camp one month prior. Overall, the results suggested temporal ubiquity of pathogenic Leptospira at this park. No direct evidence of flying-foxes' contribution to the environmental Leptospira burden at the park was uncovered, but mechanical movement of Leptospira between soil and water, and the role of birds as mechanical vectors, need further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Surveillance Finds No Influenza A Infection in Domestic Cats in Dhaka.","authors":"Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Arani Chakma, Md Kamruzzaman Akimul, Md Rezaul Karim","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01835-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-026-01835-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) is a zoonotic pathogen with a broad host range, including birds, humans, and various mammalian species. Domestic cats have been documented as incidental hosts, particularly in regions with ongoing avian influenza outbreaks. Cats are important companion animals in Dhaka, Bangladesh; however, data on IAV infection in this population are limited. This study aimed to investigate the presence of IAV in domestic cats in Dhaka through molecular surveillance. A total of 50 nasal swab samples were collected from domestic cats with mild respiratory signs presented from different areas of Dhaka city. Samples were tested for IAV using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) targeting the matrix (M) gene. All 50 samples tested negative for IAV. No evidence of IAV infection was found within the sampled population, suggesting low or no detectable zoonotic risk from domestic cats during the study period. These findings provide baseline data on IAV surveillance in domestic cats in Dhaka. However, given the limited sample size and sampling period, larger longitudinal surveillance studies are warranted to better assess the potential for IAV spillover in high-risk settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Parasites in School Children in Rural and Urban Areas in Kavrepalanchok, Nepal.","authors":"Prabin Chaudhary, Gopiram Syangtan, Bhupendra Lama, Dhiraj Thapa Magar, Shiba Kumar Rai, Tirth Raj Ghimire","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-026-01781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a major health concern in low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. This cross-sectional study, conducted from January to June 2021 in Kavrepalanchok District, Nepal, evaluated IPI prevalence and risk factors among school-going children. Fecal samples from 195 children and 41 environmental samples (soil, vegetables, water) were analyzed using direct wet mount, formal-ethyl acetate sedimentation, flotation, and modified acid-fast staining techniques, with sociodemographic and risk factor data collected via questionnaires. The overall IPI prevalence was 13.85%, slightly higher in urban (14.40%) than rural (12.86%) areas (p = 0.765). Protozoa, particularly Entamoeba spp. (62.86%; 66.67% rural, 60.87% urban), predominated, with its presence in environmental samples (water, soil, vegetables) indicating transmission through contaminated sources. Helminths (e.g., Ascaris spp.) were also detected. Nail-biting (p = 0.0417) and consumption of raw vegetables (p = 0.0225) showed significant associations with IPIs in rural settings, while abdominal pain symptoms (p = 0.0058) were significantly linked to IPIs across all participants. Logistic regression identified abdominal pain (AOR = 6.658, 95% CI 1.405-31.562, p = 0.017) as the only significant predictors of IPI, with all other assessed behavioral and environmental factors showing no statistically significant associations. Enhanced water sanitation, and hygiene education are essential to disrupt environmental transmission cycle of Entamoeba spp. and reduce IPI burden in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"498-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of Bordetella bronchiseptica in Eastern Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis).","authors":"Gabriella Laird, Andrew Calinger-Yoak, Qirui Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01788-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-026-01788-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wild Eastern Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) rehabilitated at a Midwestern facility, the Ohio Wildlife Center, were experiencing an increased mortality rate due to unknown respiratory illness in 2022-2023. A qPCR test was developed for B. bronchiseptica to test symptomatic animals. Though 65 individuals were tested, all tests were found to be negative for B. bronchiseptica. This negative result strongly indicates that the mortalities were caused by aspiration pneumonia or some other unknown pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"445-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Human Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Wild Neotropical Primates.","authors":"Jean P Boubli, Hani Rocha El Bizri, Luan F Botelho-Souza, Chrysoula Gubili, Stephen J Martin, Maisa da S Araújo, Tommy C Burch, Mariluce R Messias, Alcione de O Dos Santos, Luiz S Ozaki, André V C Pereira, Tony H Katsuragawa, Ana Maísa Passos-Silva, Luiz H S Gil, Izeni P Farias, Juan M V Salcedo, Deusilene Vieira","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01787-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-026-01787-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globalization and environmental change are reshaping infectious disease dynamics, including reverse zoonotic transmission from humans to wildlife. We assessed hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in wild New World primates from two Brazilian Amazon regions: an anthropogenically impacted area in southwestern Amazonia (Rondonia and Mato Grosso states) and a remote, minimally impacted area along the upper Japurá River (Amazonas state). Blood or liver samples from 88 primates representing 28 species were examined for HBV. HBV was detected in 17 of 49 primates (34.7%) from disturbed areas but in none of the 39 primates from the remote site. Human population density significantly predicted infection, and viral genotypes matched locally circulating human HBV strains, supporting human-to-primate spillover driven by deforestation and encroachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"392-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Landscape Determinants of Mosquito Abundance in Urban Green Spaces.","authors":"Ronghua Wang, Enming He, Yupei Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01791-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-026-01791-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban green spaces provide essential ecosystem services for humans, yet simultaneously create favorable habitats for mosquito breeding. The presence of mosquitoes discourages human recreation and poses a public health risk through disease transmission. To understand the relationship between mosquito abundance and environmental characteristics of urban green spaces, a study was conducted in urban green spaces in Xuzhou city, eastern China. Ten sample sites in urban green spaces were selected and adult mosquitoes were sampled with Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) light traps on six summer evenings in 2024, while microclimatic data (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed) were measured continuously by negative-ion sensors and anemometers. High-resolution orthophotos acquired with a Da Jiang Innovation (DJI) unmanned aerial vehicle were used to quantify landscape composition within 50-, 100-, 150- and 200-m buffers around each sample site. Correlation analyses and stepwise multiple linear regression then identified the key drivers of mosquito abundance. The results showed that: (1) aquatic emergent vegetation was a positive predictor of mosquito abundance across all buffer sizes; (2) both impervious surfaces (e.g., roads, squares, paths) and open water without aquatic emergent vegetation were negatively associated with mosquito abundance; and (3) a 50-m buffer radius provides the optimal scale for predicting the impact of landscape elements on mosquito abundance in urban green spaces. At last, this paper puts forward anti-mosquito strategies through scientific design and management of landscape elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"451-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First molecular record of Argas hermanni and Argas sp. closely related to Argas persicus, with detection of Borrelia anserina in Argas persicus from pigeons in Pakistan.","authors":"Zia Ur Rahman, Mehran Khan, Zaibullah Khan, Wali Khan, Ahmad Khan, Iram Liaqat, Abid Ali, Mashal M Almutairi","doi":"10.1007/s10393-026-01786-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-026-01786-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soft ticks are important hematophagous ectoparasites that are found in all zoogeographical regions of the world. In addition to causing direct economic losses, they are also important as disease causing agents. However, in many countries, including Pakistan, their diversity and associated pathogens remained poorly studied. This study aimed to minimize this knowledge gap by conducting morpho-molecular confirmation of soft ticks and molecular assessment of associated Borrelia in this country. A total of 62 ticks were collected from nesting environment of pigeons in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Of these, 24.19% (15/62) were identified as Argas hermanni (males = 9, 60%, females = 6, 40%), 62.90% (39/62) as Argas persicus (males = 17, 43.58%, females = 14, 35.89%, nymphs = 8, 20.51%), and 12.90% (8/62) (all nymphs) as an undetermined Argas species. Twenty-nine ticks, representing all three species, were randomly selected for DNA extraction, and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify partial fragments of 16S rDNA and CO1 for ticks, and flaB for the associated Borrelia species. Among these, Borrelia DNA was detected in 4/18 (22.2%) A. persicus ticks (2/8 males and 2/7 females). The 16S rDNA and CO1 sequences of A. hermanni showed maximum 98.17% and 99.30% identities, respectively, with conspecifics from Iran, while the CO1 sequence of A. persicus showed 100% identity with conspecifics from Kenya and Kazakhstan. The 16S rDNA and CO1 sequences of Argas sp. showed 96.48% and 97.33% identities, respectively, with A. persicus from Pakistan and Kenya. The flaB sequence associated with A. persicus showed 100% identity with Borrelia anserina from Brazil and Pakistan. In the phylogenetic trees of ticks, A. hermanni (16S rDNA and CO1) and A. persicus (CO1) from the current study clustered with conspecifics, while Argas sp. formed a sister clade with A. persicus group (16S rDNA and CO1). In the flaB phylogenetic tree, B. anserina from the current study clustered with corresponding species in the relapsing fever group. This study provides the first molecular record of A. hermanni, the first report of A. persicus associated with pigeons, with detection of B. anserina, and also documents a novel lineage closely related to A. persicus, all from Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"475-487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Wide Genotyping of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Ecuadorian Forests.","authors":"Wesley J Neely, M D M Moretta-Urdiales, Utpal Smart, Ryan L Lynch, Juan Manuel Guayasamin, Shawn F McCracken, David Rodriguez","doi":"10.1007/s10393-025-01716-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10393-025-01716-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a cosmopolitan pathogen with numerous distinct lineages. The global panzootic lineage (Bd-GPL) is the most widespread and virulent lineage and is responsible for many recorded amphibian declines. Mapping the extent of Bd-GPL and other more established lineages is important for predicting disease dynamics in amphibian communities. Ecuador is the most biodiverse country per unit area for amphibian taxa and, thus, a priority for studies on genotypic diversity of Bd. In this study, we tested skin swab samples collected from 464 individual amphibians across coastal, Andean montane, and Amazonian forests, for the presence of two Bd lineages known to be present in South America: the globally-distributed Bd-GPL and the Brazilian-endemic Bd-Asia2/Brazil lineage. By using a discriminatory qPCR SNP assay, we found widespread prevalence of Bd-GPL in Ecuador in diverse host taxa. Genotyping efficiency was 36% in this study, meaning that one in every three swabs that tested positive for Bd in infection assays were successfully genotyped. Through this study, we provide further support for the presence of a single Bd lineage in this neotropical biodiversity hotspot.</p>","PeriodicalId":51027,"journal":{"name":"Ecohealth","volume":" ","pages":"488-497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}