Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Multi-locus sequence analysis of Anaplasma bovis in goats and ticks from Thailand, with the initial identification of an uncultured Anaplasma species closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1","authors":"Aung Aung ,&nbsp;Duriyang Narapakdeesakul ,&nbsp;Apinya Arnuphapprasert ,&nbsp;Yudhi Ratna Nugraheni ,&nbsp;Chaiyawan Wattanachant ,&nbsp;Winai Kaewlamun ,&nbsp;Morakot Kaewthamasorn","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TTBP) pose a serious threat to animal and human health globally. <em>Anaplasma bovis</em>, an obligatory intracellular bacterium, is one of the more recent species of the Family Anaplasmaceae to be formally described. Owing to its diminutive size, microscopic detection presents a formidable challenge, leading to it being overlooked in laboratory settings lacking advanced equipment or resources, as observed in various regions, including Thailand<em>.</em> This study aimed to undertake a genetic analysis of <em>A. bovis</em> and determine its prevalence in goats and ticks utilizing three genetic markers (16S rRNA, <em>gltA</em>, <em>groEL</em>). A total of 601 goat blood and 118 tick samples were collected from 12 sampling sites throughout Thailand. Two tick species, <em>Haemaphysalis bispinosa</em> (n = 109)<em>,</em> and <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> (n = 9) were identified. The results herein showed that 13.8 % (83/601) of goats at several farms and 5 % (1/20) of ticks were infected with <em>A. bovis</em>. Among infected ticks, <em>A. bovis</em> and an uncultured <em>Anaplasma</em> sp. which are closely related to <em>A. phagocytophilum</em>-like 1, were detected in each of <em>H. bispinosa</em> ticks. The remaining <em>R. microplus</em> ticks tested positive for the <em>Anaplasma</em> genus. A nucleotide sequence type network showed that <em>A. bovis</em> originated from Nan and Narathiwat were positioned within the same cluster and closely related to China isolates. This observation suggests the potential dispersal of <em>A. bovis</em> over considerable distances, likely facilitated by activities such as live animal trade or the transportation of infected ticks via migratory birds. The authors believe that the findings from this study will provide valuable information about TTBP in animals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140605445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and genetic characterization of multiple genotypes of both H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses from environmental water in the Izumi plain, Kagoshima prefecture, Japan during the 2021/22 winter season","authors":"Kosuke Okuya ,&nbsp;Mana Esaki ,&nbsp;Kaori Tokorozaki ,&nbsp;Taichi Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Makoto Ozawa","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the 2021/22 winter, one H5N1 and nine H5N8 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of clade 2.3.3.4b were isolated from the water in crane roosts on the Izumi plain, Japan. Additionally, we isolated low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) of five subtypes: H1N1, H4N2, H4N6, H7N7, and H10N4. H5N8 HPAIVs belonging to the G2a group were isolated throughout winter, whereas H5N1 HPAIV belonging to the G2b group were isolated only in early winter. These findings suggest co-circulation of both G2a and G2b HPAIVs in early winter. Although two H7N7 LPAIVs were isolated from cranes’ roost water collected on the same day, the gene constellations of the two isolates were clearly different, indicating the contemporary invasion of at least two different genotypes of H7N7 LPAIVs in the Izumi plain. This study underscores the importance of monitoring both HPAIVs and LPAIVs to understand avian influenza virus ecology in migratory waterfowl populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140605444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat shock protein 71 restricts mutation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nsp2 in vitro","authors":"Fengyu Xie ,&nbsp;Lei Kang ,&nbsp;Mengli Chen ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zongjie Li ,&nbsp;Donghua Shao ,&nbsp;Beibei Li ,&nbsp;Jianchao Wei ,&nbsp;Yafeng Qiu ,&nbsp;Manxiang Li ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Ma ,&nbsp;Ke Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection, is an important swine infectious disease that causes substantial losses worldwide each year. PRRSV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that is highly susceptible to mutation and recombination, making vaccine and drug research for the disease extremely difficult. In this study, the binding of PRRSV nsp2 to HSP71 protein was detected by using the IP/MS technique. And the inhibitory effect of HSP71 on nsp2 antagonistic activity was validated by measuring NF-kB luciferase reporter. According to stress from inhibitory effects, the amino acid variation profile of PRRSV nsp2 under HSP71 stress was further analyzed using second-generation sequencing. Surprisingly, the results indicated that HSP71 pressure limits the random mutations of PRRSV nsp2 and maintains the dominant PRRSV strain within the population. Mutant strain showed weaker antagonistic activity and replication capability in cell. These results imply the binding of HSP71 with PRRSV nsp2 may lead to maintain the stability of highly virulent strains of PRRSV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140605441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among stray dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Zinka Maksimović ,&nbsp;Senka Babić ,&nbsp;Amir Zahirović ,&nbsp;Maid Rifatbegović","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leptospirosis is a (re) emerging zoonosis that occurs worldwide. This study aimed to assess seroprevalence of leptospirosis and to identify the most common reactive serovars and risk factors for seropositivity in apparently healthy stray dogs of unknown vaccination status in the Sarajevo region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Positive microscopic agglutination test titres (≥ 1:25) were detected in 3.87% (156/4028) of samples and most of the sera reacted against one serovar (85.9%). Dogs were most commonly reactive to Canicola (40.4%) and Hardjo (33.3%), followed by Pomona (15.4%) Tarassovi (14.7%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (8.3%), Grippotyphosa (5.8%), Bratislava (1.3%) and Saxkoebing (0.6%). Dogs older than one year had higher odds of seropositivity compared to younger dogs. The seropositivity was higher in spring and autumn than in summer. These results advocate for the need of a control strategy for this zoonosis in the country, which should include sero-surveillance, monitoring, and the inclusion of additional serovars in the testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the effect of long-term serum storage for retrospective serologic diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis)","authors":"Melina Karagkouni ,&nbsp;Katerina Spilioti ,&nbsp;Eleftherios Meletis ,&nbsp;Polychronis Kostoulas ,&nbsp;Christos Koutinas ,&nbsp;Konstantina Theodorou ,&nbsp;Edward B. Breitschwerdt ,&nbsp;Mathios E. Mylonakis","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is currently sparse information on the possible effect of long-term storage of serum specimens for the retrospective serodiagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME). The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between the original serologic outcome and the results of a repeat indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay for the detection of IgG antibodies against <em>E. canis</em>. A secondary aim was to compare the diagnostic performance of two commercially available point-of-care (POC) immunochromatographic (IC) assays. Archived serum samples originally tested as positive (n=66) or negative (n=19) for <em>E. canis</em> IgG antibodies and kept frozen at −20°C for a median of 22 years, were retrospectively examined by IFA and by two POC IC assays. Cohen’s Kappa coefficient (0.748, p &lt; 0.0001), indicated a substantial agreement between the original and repeat serologic testing results. An almost identical high sensitivity and moderate specificity were established for the two POC IC assays. Canine serum specimens on long-term storage may still be of value for seroepidemiologic surveys investigating the exposure to <em>E. canis</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in companion animals: A pilot study in a Spanish Veterinary Teaching Hospital","authors":"Raffaele Scarpellini ,&nbsp;Laura Leal Vélez De Mendizábal ,&nbsp;Sergio Quevedo-Caraballo ,&nbsp;José L. Blanco ,&nbsp;Marta E. García ,&nbsp;Marta Pérez-Sancho ,&nbsp;Miriam Portero Fuentes ,&nbsp;Silvia Penelo ,&nbsp;Erika Esposito ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Mondo ,&nbsp;Silvia Piva","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of small animal veterinary hospitals in the onset and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant organisms (AMROs) is still not clear, and the implementation of an internal surveillance systems is a cost-effective tool to better understand their impact. The aim of this study was to describe a pilot program of active surveillance in a Spanish Veterinary Teaching Hospital, developed to estimate the detection frequency of AMROs in the commensal flora of patients and in the environment. Surveillance was focused on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRS), third generation cephalosporins resistant gram-negative bacteria (3GCR-GNB), and carbapenems-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB). Oral and perirectal swabs were collected in the same dogs and cats hospitalized &gt; 48 h, at their admission and before their discharge. Out of 50 patients sampled, 24% (12/50) were carriers at admission of at least one of the three investigated AMROs. Twenty-eight percent of patients (14/50) acquired at least one AMRO during the hospital stay. MRS detection frequency at admission was 12% (6/50), while acquisition was 6% (3/50). 3GCR-GNB detection frequency was 14% at admission (7/50) and acquisition 22% (11/50), while CR-GNB detection frequency was 2% at admission (1/50) and acquisition 2% (1/50). Environmental surveillance (98 samples) showed a total detection frequency of 22.4% for MRS (22/98), 2% for 3GCR-GNB and CR-GNB (2/98). Clinical staff’ shoe soles showed high detection frequency for MRS (50%). 3GCR <em>Escherichia coli</em> was the most isolated species in patients (n = 17). The results show how active surveillance can be used as a tool to assess the impact of AMROs in veterinary hospitals to subsequently build up tailored control plans based on specific issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147957124000468/pdfft?md5=d77bb7cd3e3e013ce66ffabaaeb98e6a&pid=1-s2.0-S0147957124000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of protective efficacy, serological responses, and cytokine modulation induced by polyvalent Leptospira vaccines in hamsters","authors":"Natasha Rodrigues de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Mara Andrade Colares Maia ,&nbsp;Francisco Denis Souza Santos ,&nbsp;Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto ,&nbsp;Thaís Larré Oliveira Bohn ,&nbsp;Odir Antônio Dellagostin","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whole-cell inactivated vaccines (bacterins) are the only licensed vaccines available for leptospirosis prevention and control, especially in domestic and farm animals. However, despite their widespread use, inconsistencies in their efficacy have been reported. Because immunity induced by bacterins is mainly mediated by antibodies against leptospiral lipopolysaccharides, the involvement of cellular responses is not well-known. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and characterize the humoral and cellular immune responses induced by whole-cell inactivated leptospirosis bacterin formulations containing serovars Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhageni, Grippotyphosa, Hardjoprajitno, and Pomona. For the potency test, hamsters were immunized with one dose of polyvalent bacterins (either commercial or experimental) and then challenged with a virulent Pomona strain. Serological (MAT and IgM and IgG-ELISA) and cellular (cytokine transcription in blood evaluated by RT-qPCR) analyses were performed. The results revealed that vaccination with either bacterin formulation was able to protect 90–100% of the hamsters infected with the Pomona serovar, although most of the surviving animals remained as renal carriers. Specific agglutinating antibodies and significant levels of IgM, IgG, and IgG2 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) that were able to react with the six serovars present in the vaccine formulations were produced, indicating that the vaccines can potentially provide immunity against all strains. The protective immunity of these vaccines was mainly mediated by balanced a Th1/Th2 response, characterized by increased IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-α transcription. These data support the importance of characterizing immunological responses involved in bacterin efficacy and investing in the improvement of these vaccine formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Trichomonas gallinae from pigeons in Anhui, China","authors":"Yilei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenxiao Lu ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhan Zhou ,&nbsp;Guodong Xiao ,&nbsp;Ayanniyi Olalekan Opeyemi ,&nbsp;Sihua Jin ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Li ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Qiong Wu ,&nbsp;Xingdong Sun ,&nbsp;Qianming Xu ,&nbsp;Qingxun Zhang ,&nbsp;Congshan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Trichomonas gallinae</em>, a protozoan parasite causing avian trichomonosis, exhibits a widespread global prevalence. It primarily affects the upper digestive tract of birds and has resulted in significant ecological problems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genotypes of <em>T. gallinae</em> in Anhui Province, China. A total of 1612 oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from pigeon farms in Anhui Province to determine the prevalence of <em>T. gallinae</em> infection. The results revealed 565 (35.1%) positive samples of <em>T. gallinae</em>. Significant differences in infection rates were observed among different regions and age groups. Furthermore, the ITS1/5.8 S/ITS2 region was amplified, sequenced, and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Genotypes A and B of <em>T. gallinae</em> were identified, and genotype B was the dominant genotype in Anhui Province. This is the first report on the prevalence and molecular characterization of <em>T. gallinae</em> in Anhui Province, China. Additionally, we integrated reports on the prevalence and genotype of <em>T. gallinae</em> in relevant provinces in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in unconventional pets","authors":"Bruna Carolina Ulsenheimer ,&nbsp;Matheus Yuri dos Santos ,&nbsp;Bruna Della Flora ,&nbsp;Diego Andres Rodriguez Matarrita ,&nbsp;Sônia de Avila Botton ,&nbsp;Ana Eucares Von Laer ,&nbsp;Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira ,&nbsp;Rafael Almeida Fighera ,&nbsp;Alexandre Alberto Tonin","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leptospirosis is a disease caused by <em>Leptospira</em> spp. responsible for considerable impacts on the public and animal health. In the past two decades, non-domesticated species of pets (unconventional pets) have become popular. However, the role of these unconventional pets on maintaining diseases still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to survey the presence of <em>Leptospira</em> spp. DNA in unconventional pets. Samples of kidney tissues from 29 animals belonging to the Mammalia class (including Orders Carnivora, Lagomorpha and Rodentia) were analyzed for the presence of the gene <em>lipL32</em>. As a result, DNA of pathogenic <em>Leptospira</em> spp. from specie <em>L. interrogans</em> was detected in four (13,80%) of the analyzed samples: three from <em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em> and one from <em>Mesocricetus auratus</em>. This study highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis, as it identified in species of unconventional pets, that may possibly act as reservoirs of <em>Leptospira</em> spp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140125092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New records of pathogenic bacteria in different species of fleas collected from domestic and peridomestic animals in Spain. A potential zoonotic threat?","authors":"Antonio Zurita,&nbsp;Ignacio Trujillo,&nbsp;Cristina Cutillas","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is causing many vectors of infectious diseases to expand their geographic distribution as well as the pathogens they transmit are also conditioned by temperature for their multiplication. Within this context, it is worth highlighting the significant role that fleas can play as vectors of important pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, our efforts focused on detecting and identifying a total of 9 bacterial genera (<em>Rickettsia</em> sp.; <em>Bartonella</em> sp.; <em>Yersinia</em> sp.; <em>Wolbachia</em> sp., <em>Mycobacterium</em> sp., <em>Leishmania</em> sp., <em>Borrelia</em> sp., <em>Francisella</em> sp. and <em>Coxiella</em> sp.) within fleas isolated from domestic and peridomestic animals in the southwestern region of Spain (Andalusia). Over a 19-months period, we obtained flea samples from dogs, cats and hedgehogs. A total of 812 fleas was collected for this study. Five different species were morphologically identified, including <em>C. felis</em>, <em>C. canis</em>, <em>S. cuniculi</em>, <em>P. irritans</em>, and <em>A. erinacei</em>. <em>Wolbachia</em> sp. was detected in all five species identified in our study which a total prevalence of 86%. Within <em>Rickettsia</em> genus, two different species, <em>R. felis</em> and <em>R. asembonensis</em> were mainly identified in <em>C. felis</em> and <em>A. erinacei</em>, respectively. On the other hand, our results revealed a total of 131 fleas testing positive for the presence of <em>Bartonella</em> sp., representing a prevalence rate of 16% for this genus identifying two species <em>B. henselae</em> and <em>B. clarridgeiae</em>. Lastly, both <em>Y. pestis</em> and <em>L. infantum</em> were detected in DNA of <em>P. irritans</em> and <em>C. felis</em>, respectively isolated from dogs. With these data we update the list of bacterial zoonotic agents found in fleas in Spain, emphasizing the need to continue conducting future experimental studies to assess and confirm the potential vectorial role of certain synanthropic fleas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147957124000304/pdfft?md5=d5d978026f6adba2fe3c4d51ac3b59e3&pid=1-s2.0-S0147957124000304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}