Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 and H5N1 outbreaks in Algerian avian livestock production","authors":"Naouel Ammali ,&nbsp;Radhouane Kara ,&nbsp;Djamel Guetarni ,&nbsp;Yahia Chebloune","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Avian <em>Alpha-influenza-virus</em> (AIV) massively affects poultry, targeting mainly the respiratory tract for virus replication. Recently, two major H5N8 and H5N1 outbreaks caused tremendous losses in Algerian poultry. The clinical symptoms that had not been seen in the past didn’t prompt a rapid reaction to control the epidemics. We report here the characteristics of these outbreaks and the epidemiological status of AIV in Algeria. Following autopsy observation samples from target organs were taken and analyzed by the classical real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR). Specific PCR HA and NA identification was used for subtyping H5 and N1/N8 genes. Systemic damage was observed in the upper-respiratory tracts with hemorrhagic and congestive tracheas, lungs, proventriculus, gut, and cecal tonsils were bloody. Out of 77 positive cases 13 were H5N8, 8 H5N1, and 10 H5Nx strains. These findings raise questions about the strain’s pathotype considering severe organ damage and high mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 102202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among goats in Algeria","authors":"Ikram Chettih ,&nbsp;Lynda Abdellaoui ,&nbsp;Meriem Mekroud ,&nbsp;Ali Dahmani ,&nbsp;Mustapha Nabi ,&nbsp;Karima Hadj Omar ,&nbsp;Nadjet Amina Khelifi Touhami ,&nbsp;Hichem Dahmani ,&nbsp;Lyes Bouasla ,&nbsp;Imane Ouchetati ,&nbsp;Redha Belala ,&nbsp;Nassim Ouchene","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide and is caused by <em>Toxoplasma gondii.</em> It is implicated in reproductive disorders in small ruminants. This study aims to determine, for the first time in Algeria, the seroprevalence and associated factors of <em>T. gondii</em> infection in goats. The study was conducted in four regions, Ghardaia, Laghouat and Djelfa, southern Algeria, and Jijel region, northern Algeria. A total of 92 blood samples were collected including 74 females and 18 males. All sera were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the <em>T. gondii</em> antibodies. The presence of anti-<em>T. gondii</em> antibodies was detected in 35 out of 92 goats (38.04%) (95% CI: 31.64%–44.44%) and in all flocks (100%). Risk factors that have a significant influence on the seroprevalence of <em>T. gondii</em> infection are breed, regions, production system, presence of cats, clinics and abortion history. However, variables such as age and gender were note significantly associated with toxoplasma infection in goats. The highest seroprevalences of infection was observed in saanen (52.94%) (p&lt;0.001) and cross-breed race (44%) (p&lt;0.01) in comparison with other breeds. Regarding regions, Jijel and Laghouat were most infected with seroprevalences of 50% (p&lt;0.001) and 40.91% (p&lt;0.01), respectively. Animals in intensive production systems were most infected, showing a seroprevalence of 51.85%, in comparison with extensive (28.13%) and semi-intensive systems (36.36%) (p&lt;0.001). The presence of cats in farms was significantly associated with high seroprevalence (44.64%) (p&lt;0.001). The infection was more prevalent in previously aborted females (50%) than females that had never aborted (3.35%) (p&lt;0.001)and animals that have diarrhoea or poor health (41.67%) were significantly more infected than healthy animals (37.50%) (p&lt;0.01). Seroprevalence in males (38.89%) was very close to those in females (37.84%) (p&gt;0.05). Age-related seroprevalence did not vary significantly (ranged from 36.37% to 40%) between the three age classes. These results indicate that goat toxoplasmosis is widespread in Algeria, and goats may represent a high risk of contamination for humans. This requires more attention during consumption of goat meat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 102201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of full-length VP2 gene of canine parvovirus type 2 strains circulating in Egypt 2019–2021","authors":"Mohab M. Adly,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Elgaml,&nbsp;Ahmed F. Abdel Khalek,&nbsp;Omar S. Saeed,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Shalaby,&nbsp;Haitham M. Amer","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a major cause of fatal gastroenteritis and myocarditis in puppies of domestic and wild carnivores. CPV-2 has accumulated changes over time lead to the emergence of three antigenic variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c. VP2 is the major capsid protein that determines virus antigenicity, and host range. Although the three CPV-2 variants were previously identified in Egypt, most reports covered a restricted geographic region and/or time period, and only analyzed partial fragments of VP2 gene. Therefore, this study was designed to test 100 rectal swabs collected from 7 Egyptian governorates between 2019 and 2021 for CPV-2 using PCR. A total of 65 positive samples were identified, mostly in pure dog breeds of young age. The three variants co-circulated in 2019, while CPV-2b was not detected in 2020 and 2021. The frequency of CPV-2b and CPV-2c was higher in 2019 and 2021, respectively. Analysis of CPV-2 full-length VP2 gene sequence from 19/65 positive samples has identified four common amino acid substitutions F267Y, S297A, A300G, Y324I, which are characteristic for the new CPV-2 variants currently circulating worldwide. Unique substitutions including A5G, G36R, V38E, Q370R, and G392V were recognized in certain samples, and appears to have distinct effect on receptor binding, nuclear translocation, and inter-species transmission. Phylogenetic analysis showed separation of CPV-2 strains into two clades. All strains of this study were classified in clade I with Asian strains. In conclusion, this study provides updated comprehensive molecular analysis of CPV-2 variants in Egypt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 102190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First detection of Rickettsia felis and Ehrlichia canis in the common bed bug Cimex lectularius","authors":"Rachid Selmi ,&nbsp;Hanène Belkahia ,&nbsp;Ghassan Tayh ,&nbsp;Abderrahmene Mezzi ,&nbsp;Sarra Chibani ,&nbsp;Mourad Ben Said ,&nbsp;Lilia Messadi","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bed bugs, common blood-feeding pests, have received limited attention regarding their potential involvement in emerging pathogen transmission. This study aimed to investigate the main vector-borne bacteria within bed bugs collected from Tunisian governorates and to genetically characterize the identified species. Molecular screening was conducted on field-collected bed bug samples, targeting zoonotic vector-borne bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family, as well as the genera <em>Rickettsia</em>, <em>Ehrlichia</em>, <em>Bartonella</em>, and <em>Borrelia</em>. A total of 119 <em>Cimex lectularius</em> specimens were collected and grouped into 14 pools based on sampling Tunisian sites. Using genus-specific PCR assays, DNA of <em>Rickettsia</em> and <em>Ehrlichia</em> spp. was detected in a single pool. Sequencing and BLAST analysis of the obtained partial <em>ompB</em> and <em>dsb</em> sequences from positive samples revealed 100% similarity with those of <em>Ehrlichia canis</em> and <em>Rickettsia felis</em> available in GenBank. Obtained partial sequences showed phylogenetic similarity to <em>R. felis</em> and <em>E. canis</em> isolates found in dogs and ticks from American and European countries. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate bed bugs in Tunisia and to report the worldwide identification of <em>R. felis</em> and <em>E. canis</em> DNA in the common bed bug, <em>C. lectularius</em>. These findings highlight the need for further research to explore the potential role of bed bugs in the epidemiology of these vector-borne bacteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 102200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig populations of Tamil Nadu, India: Exploring the tropical endemic link of virus","authors":"M. Dhanalakshmi ,&nbsp;Himani Dhanze ,&nbsp;K.N. Bhilegaonkar ,&nbsp;Akash Mote ,&nbsp;Ishita Gupta ,&nbsp;Himani Agri ,&nbsp;Carlotta Di Bari ,&nbsp;Balbir B. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of encephalitis in Southeast Asia. Tamil Nadu, a state located in the southern part of India, contributes substantially to the national burden of human JE cases every year. However, limited information is available on the epidemiology of JE in pig populations of Tamil Nadu. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess JEV prevalence in pig populations of Tamil Nadu. A total of 710 pigs reared in 118 farms across 10 districts of Tamil Nadu were sampled using multistage cluster random sampling. Serum samples were analyzed for their JEV status using Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). At the animal-level, the apparent JEV seroprevalence was 60.4% (95% CI: 56.8% – 64.0%) and the true seroprevalence was 50.1% (95% CI: 47.0% – 53.2%). The herd-level apparent seroprevalence was 94.1% (95% CI: 88.1% – 97.5%) and the true seroprevalence was 93.3% (95% CI: 89.5% – 96.2%). The intensity of JEV circulation was high in all the districts, with seroprevalence ranging between 43% and 100%. Pigs across all age categories were seropositive and a high overall seroprevalence of 95.2% (95% CI: 76.2% – 99.9%) was recorded in pigs older than 12 months. JEV seropositivity was recorded in all the seasons but the prevalence peaked in the monsoon (67.9%, 95% CI: 61.1% – 74.2%) followed by winter (65.1%, 95%CI: 57.4% – 72.2%) and summer (53.3%, 95% CI: 47.8% – 58.8%) seasons. The results indicate that JEV is endemic in pigs populations of the state and a one health approach is essential with collaborative actions from animal and public health authorities to control JE in Tamil Nadu, India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 102189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140879821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial burden and molecular characterization of Coxiella burnetii in shedding pregnant and postpartum ewes from Saint Kitts","authors":"Mayra Trujillo ,&nbsp;Anne Conan ,&nbsp;Ana Cláudia Calchi ,&nbsp;Katja Mertens-Scholz ,&nbsp;Anna Becker ,&nbsp;Christa Gallagher ,&nbsp;Alex Mau ,&nbsp;Silvia Marchi ,&nbsp;Marcus Machado ,&nbsp;Marcos Rogério André ,&nbsp;Aspinas Chapwanya ,&nbsp;Ananda Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial burden and perform molecular characterization of <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> during shedding in pregnant (vaginal, mucus and feces) and postpartum (vaginal mucus, feces and milk) ewes from Saint Kitts. Positive IS1111 DNA (n=250) for <em>C. burnetii</em> samples from pregnant (n=87) and postpartum (n=74) Barbados Blackbelly ewes in a previous investigation were used for this study. Vaginal mucus (n=118), feces (n=100), and milk (n=32) positive IS1111 <em>C. burnetii</em>-DNA were analysed by real time qPCR (<em>icd</em> gene). For molecular characterization of <em>C. burnetii,</em> selected (n=10) IS1111 qPCR positive samples were sequenced for fragments of the IS1111 element and the 16<!--> <!-->S rRNA gene. nBLAST, phylogenetic and haplotype analyses were performed. Vaginal mucus, feces and milk had estimated equal amounts of bacterial DNA (<em>icd</em> copies), and super spreaders were detected within the fecal samples. <em>C. burnetii</em> haplotypes had moderate to high diversity, were ubiquitous worldwide and similar to previously described in ruminants and ticks and humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-mortem detection of hemoplasmas (hemotropic Mycoplasma spp.) in South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) sampled in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil","authors":"Luciano de Oliveira Battisti ,&nbsp;Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel ,&nbsp;Renata Fagundes-Moreira ,&nbsp;Vinícius Baggio-Souza ,&nbsp;Viviane Kelin de Souza ,&nbsp;Derek Blaese de Amorim ,&nbsp;Paulo Guilherme C. Wagner ,&nbsp;Ugo A. Souza ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Aline Girotto-Soares ,&nbsp;Stella de Faria Valle ,&nbsp;Marcos Rogério André ,&nbsp;João Fabio Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hemotropic mycoplasmas are bacteria that attaches to erythrocytes surface, which some species presents zoonotic concerns. In the suborder Pinnipedia, genera <em>Otaria</em> and <em>Arctocephalus</em> are prominent in Brazil. This study investigated the occurrence of hemoplasmas in <em>Arctocephalus</em> sp. and <em>Otaria flavescens</em> found dead along the coast of a Southern Brazilian State. DNA from 135 spleen samples were extracted and subjected to conventional PCR protocols, targeting the 16 S rRNA and 23 S rRNA gene. Three (2.22 %) <em>Arctocephalus australis</em> were positive in the 16 S rRNA gene, and no samples amplified in the 23 S rRNA gene. Samples from this study clustered with <em>Zalophus californianus</em> and <em>Arctocephalus tropicalis</em> mycoplasmas on a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Genetic diversity analysis suggested distinct genotypes, indicating <em>A. australis</em> as a new host for hemoplasma, and also a potential putative novel hemoplasma genotype. These findings raises future awareness for pinnipeds conservation, and adds <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. to be taken into consideration when clinically evaluating rescued animals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140820173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on prevalence, molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of Toxoplasma gondii infecting sheep of the Malakand Division of Pakistan","authors":"Ahmad Irshad ,&nbsp;Shumaila Noreen ,&nbsp;Faisal Nouroz ,&nbsp;Akhtar Rasool ,&nbsp;Mingkun Zhu ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mohany","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that infects one-third of the population of the world, including humans, animals, birds, and other vertebrates. The present investigation is the first molecular attempt in the Malakand Division of Pakistan to determine the epidemiology and phylogenetic study of <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> infecting small ruminants.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>A total of (N = 450) blood samples of sheep were randomly collected during the study period (December 2020 to November 2021), and DNA detection was done using PCR by amplifying ITS-1 genes. SPSS.20 and MEGA-11 software were used for statistical significance and phylogenetic analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall prevalence of <em>T. gondii</em> infection among sheep was 14.44 % (65/450). A high infection rate was found in more than five-year-olds at 18.33 % (11/60). Sequencing and BLAST analysis of PCR-positive samples confirmed the presence of <em>T. gondii</em>. Randomly, three isolates were sequenced and submitted to GenBank under accession numbers (PP028089–PP028091), respectively. The BLAST analysis of the obtained sequences based on the ITS-1 gene showed 99 % similarities with reported genotypes found in goats of Malakand, Pakistan (PP028089) and dogs of Brazil (MF766454). The study concludes that <em>T. gondii</em> is notably prevalent among the sheep population in the region, emphasizing the significant role of risk factors in disease transmission across animals and potentially to humans. Further research, zoonotic potential analysis, and targeted control measures are warranted to address and manage this parasitic infection effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The seasonality as a relevant aspect to be considered for differential diagnosis of Trypanosoma vivax infection and co-infections in female cattle","authors":"Izabela Andrade Pandolfi ,&nbsp;Wallacy Augusto de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Olindo Assis Martins-Filho ,&nbsp;Fernanda Fortes de Araújo ,&nbsp;Ismael Artur da Costa Rocha ,&nbsp;Eustáquio Resende Bittar ,&nbsp;Marcio Sobreira Silva Araújo ,&nbsp;Joely Ferreira Figueiredo Bittar","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine Trypanosomiasis and other infectious diseases cause relevant loss for the livestock industry impacting productive/reproductive indices. This study intended to better understand the frequency, seasonality, and profile of infections associated with Bovine Trypanosomiasis. A total of 1443 serum samples were screened for <em>T. vivax</em> infection and other infectious diseases: Neosporosis, Leptospirosis, Bovine Leukosis Virus infection/(BLV), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis/(IBR) or Bovine Viral Diarrhea/(BVD). Distinct methods were used for screening and diagnosis: immunofluorescence assay (Trypanosomiasis), ELISA (Neosporosis,BLV,IBR,BVD) and microscopic agglutination test (Leptospirosis). Our findings demonstrated that the seropositivity for Trypanosomiasis=57% was similar to Neosporosis=55%, higher than Leptospirosis=39% and BVL=34%, but lower than IBR=88% and BVD=71%. The seropositivity for Trypanosomiasis was higher in the autumn and lower in the winter. Regardless the season, the IBR seropositivity (min=73%;max=95%) was higher than Trypanosomiasis (min=48%;max=68%). Moreover, Neosporosis (min=71%;max=100%) and BVD (min=65%;max=76%) were more frequent than Trypanosomiasis in the summer, winter and spring. The diagnosis outcome revealed that Trypanosomiasis&amp;IBR=43% and Trypanosomiasis&amp;Neosporosis=35% were the most frequent co-infections with higher seropositivity in the autumn (58%) and summer (80%), respectively. Noteworthy, high seropositivity to Trypanosomiasis&amp;BVD was registered in the autumn (46%). Together, our data re-enforce the relevance of differential diagnosis between Trypanosomiasis with other bovine infectious diseases and that differences in the seasonality profile is a relevant aspect to be considered while selecting the differential diagnosis to be applied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence and antibiotic resistance profiles of clinical Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (ACB) and non-ACB complex members in companion animals: A 2020–2022 retrospective study","authors":"Anna-Rita Attili ,&nbsp;Francesca Paola Nocera ,&nbsp;Martina Sisto ,&nbsp;Martina Linardi ,&nbsp;Francesca Gigli ,&nbsp;Victor Ngu Ngwa ,&nbsp;Filomena Fiorito ,&nbsp;Claudia Cerracchio ,&nbsp;Marina C.T. Meligrana ,&nbsp;Eleonora Bonacucina ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Cuteri ,&nbsp;Luisa De Martino","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To evaluate the frequency of <em>Acinetobacter</em> spp., belonging to both <em>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</em> (ACB) and non-ACB complex, and their antibiotic resistance profiles in veterinary medicine, a three-year (2020–2022) retrospective study was carried out on sick companion animals. Epidemiological data from different clinical canine, feline, and equine samples, were acquired. For each strain, MALDI-TOF MS identification and susceptibility to a panel of 11 antibiotics, by Kirby-Bauer and E-test methods, were performed. Out of 628 bacteriological examinations, 2.5% resulted positive for strains belonging to <em>Acinetobacter</em> genus. Frequencies of 2.3%, 1.9%, and 3% were obtained from both in-visiting and hospitalized dogs, cats, and horses, respectively. Members of ACB-complex accounted for 50% of isolates. Since all strains resulted susceptible to aminoglycosides and polymyxins, no pandrug-resistant (PDR) species were recorded. While 12.5% <em>A. baumannii</em> resulted extensively-drug resistant (XDR), a higher percentage of multidrug-resistant strains was recorded among non-ACB strains (35.5%) than ACB strains (25%). Susceptibility was observed in the same percentage in both groups (62.5%). All ACB strains confirmed their intrinsic resistances. Non-ACB species showed lower resistances against antipseudomonal penicillins plus beta-lactamase inhibitors (<em>P</em>=0.1306), III generation cephalosporins (<em>P</em>=0.0547), and tetracyclines (<em>P</em>=0.0209) than ACB species. Carbapenem-resistance was observed for XDR <em>A. baumannii</em> (12.5%) and, in particular for MDR non-ACB complex members (25%). To our knowledge, <em>A. lactucae</em> represents the first description in two sick dogs in Italy. Furthermore, our results emphasize the role of non-ACB-complex species as important zoonotic pathogens, which could be reservoirs of clinically relevant resistance profiles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147957124000626/pdfft?md5=687b4b19d99efdda13e9ccd15b3e1302&pid=1-s2.0-S0147957124000626-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}