ACM Computing Surveys最新文献_第7页

Object-Centric Learning with Capsule Networks: A Survey 利用胶囊网络进行以对象为中心的学习：调查

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3674500

Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro, Kevin Duarte, Miles Everett, Georgios Leontidis, Mubarak Shah

{"title":"Object-Centric Learning with Capsule Networks: A Survey","authors":"Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro, Kevin Duarte, Miles Everett, Georgios Leontidis, Mubarak Shah","doi":"10.1145/3674500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3674500","url":null,"abstract":"Capsule networks emerged as a promising alternative to convolutional neural networks for learning object-centric representations. The idea is to explicitly model part-whole hierarchies by using groups of neurons called capsules to encode visual entities, then learn the relationships between these entities dynamically from data. However, a major hurdle for capsule network research has been the lack of a reliable point of reference for understanding their foundational ideas and motivations. This survey provides a comprehensive and critical overview of capsule networks which aims to serve as a main point of reference going forward. To that end, we introduce the fundamental concepts and motivations behind capsule networks, such as equivariant inference. We then cover various technical advances in capsule routing algorithms as well as alternative geometric and generative formulations. We provide a detailed explanation of how capsule networks relate to the attention mechanism in Transformers and uncover non-trivial conceptual similarities between them in the context of object-centric representation learning. We also review the extensive applications of capsule networks in computer vision, video and motion, graph representation learning, natural language processing, medical imaging, and many others. To conclude, we provide an in-depth discussion highlighting promising directions for future work.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141435748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A survey of 3D Space Path-Planning Methods and Algorithms 三维空间路径规划方法和算法概览

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1145/3673896

Hakimeh mazaheri, salman goli, ali nourollah

{"title":"A survey of 3D Space Path-Planning Methods and Algorithms","authors":"Hakimeh mazaheri, salman goli, ali nourollah","doi":"10.1145/3673896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673896","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their agility, cost-effectiveness, and high maneuverability, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have attracted considerable attention from researchers and investors alike. Path planning is one of the practical subsets of motion planning for UAVs. It prevents collisions and ensures complete coverage of an area. This study provides a structured review of applicable algorithms and coverage path planning solutions in Three-Dimensional (3D) space, presenting state-of-the-art technologies related to heuristic decomposition approaches for UAVs and the forefront challenges. Additionally, it introduces a comprehensive and novel classification of practical methods and representational techniques for path-planning algorithms. This depends on environmental characteristics and optimal parameters in the real world. The first category presents a classification of semi-accurate decomposition approaches as the most practical decomposition method, along with the data structure of these practices, categorized by phases. The second category illustrates path-planning processes based on symbolic techniques in 3D space. Additionally, it provides a critical analysis of crucial influential approaches based on their importance in path quality and researchers' attention, highlighting their limitations and research gaps. Furthermore, it will provide the most pertinent recommendations for future work for researchers. The studies demonstrate an apparent inclination among experimenters towards using the semi-accurate cellular decomposition approach to improve 3D path planning.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141430377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-Based Affective Music Generation Systems: A Review of Methods and Challenges 基于人工智能的情感音乐生成系统：方法与挑战综述

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1145/3672554

Adyasha Dash, Kathleen Agres

{"title":"AI-Based Affective Music Generation Systems: A Review of Methods and Challenges","authors":"Adyasha Dash, Kathleen Agres","doi":"10.1145/3672554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672554","url":null,"abstract":"Music is a powerful medium for altering the emotional state of the listener. In recent years, with significant advancements in computing capabilities, artificial intelligence-based (AI-based) approaches have become popular for creating affective music generation (AMG) systems. Entertainment, healthcare, and sensor-integrated interactive system design are a few of the areas in which AI-based affective music generation (AI-AMG) systems may have a significant impact. Given the surge of interest in this topic, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of controllable AI-AMG systems. The main building blocks of an AI-AMG system are discussed, and existing systems are formally categorized based on the core algorithm used for music generation. In addition, this article discusses the main musical features employed to compose affective music, along with the respective AI-based approaches used for tailoring them. Lastly, the main challenges and open questions in this field, as well as their potential solutions, are presented to guide future research. We hope that this review will be useful for readers seeking to understand the state-of-the-art in AI-AMG systems, and gain an overview of the methods used for developing them, thereby helping them explore this field in the future.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a Privacy-Preserving Face Recognition System: A Survey of Leakages and Solutions 实现保护隐私的人脸识别系统：泄漏与解决方案调查

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1145/3673224

Lamyanba Laishram, Muhammad Shaheryar, Jong Taek Lee, Soon Ki Jung

{"title":"Toward a Privacy-Preserving Face Recognition System: A Survey of Leakages and Solutions","authors":"Lamyanba Laishram, Muhammad Shaheryar, Jong Taek Lee, Soon Ki Jung","doi":"10.1145/3673224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673224","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent advancements in face recognition (FR) technology in surveillance systems make it possible to monitor a person as they move around. FR gathers a lot of information depending on the quantity and data sources. The most severe privacy concern with FR technology is its use to identify people in real-time public monitoring applications or via an aggregation of datasets without their consent. Due to the importance of private data leakage in the FR environment, academia and business have given it a lot of attention, leading to the creation of several research initiatives meant to solve the corresponding challenges. As a result, this study aims to look at privacy-preserving face recognition (PPFR) methods. We propose a detailed and systematic study of the PPFR based on our suggested six-level framework. Along with all the levels, more emphasis is given to the processing of face images as it is more crucial for FR technology. We explore the privacy leakage issues and offer an up-to-date and thorough summary of current research trends in the FR system from six perspectives. We also encourage additional research initiatives in this promising area for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secure UAV (Drone) and the Great Promise of AI 安全无人机和人工智能的巨大前景

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1145/3673225

Behrouz Zolfaghari, Mostafa Abbasmollaei, Fahimeh Hajizadeh, Naoto Yanai, Khodakhast Bibak

{"title":"Secure UAV (Drone) and the Great Promise of AI","authors":"Behrouz Zolfaghari, Mostafa Abbasmollaei, Fahimeh Hajizadeh, Naoto Yanai, Khodakhast Bibak","doi":"10.1145/3673225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3673225","url":null,"abstract":"UAVs have found their applications in numerous applications from recreational activities to business in addition to military and strategic fields. However, research on UAVs is not going on as quickly as the technology. Especially, when it comes to the security of these devices, the academia is lagging behind the industry. This gap motivates our work in this paper as a stepping stone for future research in this area. A comprehensive survey on the security of UAVs and UAV-based systems can help the research community keep pace with, or even lead the industry. Although there are several reviews on UAVs or related areas, there is no recent survey broadly covering various aspects of security. Moreover, none of the existing surveys highlights current and future trends with a focus on the role of an omnipresent technology such as AI. This paper endeavors to overcome these shortcomings. We conduct a comprehensive review on security challenges of UAVs as well as the related security controls. Then we develop a future roadmap for research in this area with a focus on the role of AI. The future roadmap is established based on the identified current trends, under-researched topics, and a future look-ahead.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Introduction to the Compute Express Link (CXL) Interconnect 计算高速链路 (CXL) 互连简介

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1145/3669900

Debendra Das Sharma, Robert Blankenship, Daniel Berger

引用次数: 0

Macro Ethics Principles for Responsible AI Systems: Taxonomy and Directions 负责任的人工智能系统的宏观伦理原则：分类与方向

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3672394

Jessica Woodgate, Nirav Ajmeri

引用次数: 0

Benchmarking Instance-Centric Counterfactual Algorithms for XAI: From White Box to Black Box 为 XAI 制定以实例为中心的反事实算法基准：从白箱到黑箱

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1145/3672553

Catarina Moreira, Yu-Liang Chou, Chihcheng Hsieh, Chun Ouyang, João Pereira, Joaquim Jorge

{"title":"Benchmarking Instance-Centric Counterfactual Algorithms for XAI: From White Box to Black Box","authors":"Catarina Moreira, Yu-Liang Chou, Chihcheng Hsieh, Chun Ouyang, João Pereira, Joaquim Jorge","doi":"10.1145/3672553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672553","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of machine learning models on the generation of counterfactual explanations by conducting a benchmark evaluation over three different types of models: a decision tree (fully transparent, interpretable, white-box model), a random forest (semi-interpretable, grey-box model), and a neural network (fully opaque, black-box model). We tested the counterfactual generation process using four algorithms (DiCE, WatcherCF, prototype, and GrowingSpheresCF) in the literature in 25 different datasets. Our findings indicate that: (1) Different machine learning models have little impact on the generation of counterfactual explanations; (2) Counterfactual algorithms based uniquely on proximity loss functions are not actionable and will not provide meaningful explanations; (3) One cannot have meaningful evaluation results without guaranteeing plausibility in the counterfactual generation. Algorithms that do not consider plausibility in their internal mechanisms will lead to biased and unreliable conclusions if evaluated with the current state-of-the-art metrics; (4) A counterfactual inspection analysis is strongly recommended to ensure a robust examination of counterfactual explanations and the potential identification of biases.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Practical tutorial on Explainable AI Techniques 可解释人工智能技术实用教程

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1145/3670685

Adrien Bennetot, Ivan Donadello, Ayoub El Qadi El Haouari, Mauro Dragoni, Thomas Frossard, Benedikt Wagner, Anna Sarranti, Silvia Tulli, Maria Trocan, Raja Chatila, Andreas Holzinger, Artur d'Avila Garcez, Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez

{"title":"A Practical tutorial on Explainable AI Techniques","authors":"Adrien Bennetot, Ivan Donadello, Ayoub El Qadi El Haouari, Mauro Dragoni, Thomas Frossard, Benedikt Wagner, Anna Sarranti, Silvia Tulli, Maria Trocan, Raja Chatila, Andreas Holzinger, Artur d'Avila Garcez, Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1145/3670685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3670685","url":null,"abstract":"The past years have been characterized by an upsurge in opaque automatic decision support systems, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Although DNNs have great generalization and prediction abilities, it is difficult to obtain detailed explanations for their behaviour. As opaque Machine Learning models are increasingly being employed to make important predictions in critical domains, there is a danger of creating and using decisions that are not justifiable or legitimate. Therefore, there is a general agreement on the importance of endowing DNNs with explainability. EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques can serve to verify and certify model outputs and enhance them with desirable notions such as trustworthiness, accountability, transparency and fairness. This guide is intended to be the go-to handbook for anyone with a computer science background aiming to obtain an intuitive insight from Machine Learning models accompanied by explanations out-of-the-box. The article aims to rectify the lack of a practical XAI guide by applying XAI techniques in particular day-to-day models, datasets and use-cases. In each chapter, the reader will find a description of the proposed method as well as one or several examples of use with Python notebooks. These can be easily modified in order to be applied to specific applications. We also explain what the prerequisites are for using each technique, what the user will learn about them, and which tasks they are aimed at.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Survey of Hardware Improvements to Secure Program Execution 安全程序执行硬件改进调查

IF 16.6 1区计算机科学

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1145/3672392

Lianying Zhao, He Shuang, Shengjie Xu, Wei Huang, Rongzhen Cui, Pushkar Bettadpur, David Lie

{"title":"A Survey of Hardware Improvements to Secure Program Execution","authors":"Lianying Zhao, He Shuang, Shengjie Xu, Wei Huang, Rongzhen Cui, Pushkar Bettadpur, David Lie","doi":"10.1145/3672392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3672392","url":null,"abstract":"Hardware has been constantly augmented for security considerations since the advent of computers. There is also a common perception among computer users that hardware does a relatively better job on security assurance compared to software. Yet, the community has long lacked a comprehensive study to answer questions such as how hardware security support contributes to security, what kind of improvements have been introduced to improve such support and what its advantages/disadvantages are. By generalizing various security goals, we taxonomize hardware security features and their security properties that can aid in securing program execution, considered as three aspects, i.e., state correctness, runtime protection and input/output protection. Based on this taxonomy, the survey systematically examines 1) the roles: how hardware is applied to achieve security; and 2) the problems: how reported attacks have exploited certain defects in hardware. We see that hardware’s unique advantages and problems co-exist and it highly depends on the desired security purpose as to which type to use. Among the survey findings are also that code as part of hardware (aka. firmware) should be treated differently to ensure security by design; and how research proposals have driven the advancement of commodity hardware features.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0