Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications最新文献_第3页

Adaptive network-wide superspreader detection using programmable switches 使用可编程开关的自适应全网超扩展器检测

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156041

Ali Nadim Alhaj, Wilson Naik Bhukya, Rajendra Prasad Lal

{"title":"Adaptive network-wide superspreader detection using programmable switches","authors":"Ali Nadim Alhaj, Wilson Naik Bhukya, Rajendra Prasad Lal","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superspreaders, i.e., hosts exhibiting an abnormal number of distinct connections in large-scale networks, are key indicators of security threats such as worm propagation, spam floods, and scanning attacks. Efficient network-wide superspreader detection requires effective distinct counts with tight memory and performance constraints. Existing sketching techniques in the literature typically allocate fixed memory per flow and often neglect the drastic cardinality imbalance between high- and low-cardinality flows. Most existing methods are restricted to detecting at a single point only. It often overlooks the network-wide superspreader. This paper introduces SpreadTrace, a novel approach leveraging programmable P4 switches for efficient superspreader detection. SpreadTrace combines a Bloom filter with lightweight counters for duplicate filtering, a multi-stage main table with sentinel-based eviction, and a probabilistic promotion mechanism that guarantees the retention of large-cardinality flows while efficiently handling low-cardinality flows. We further extend SpreadTrace with a network-wide detection mechanism based on dynamic thresholding at the controller, enabling coordinated detection across multiple switches in real time. The paper provides a theoretical analysis for the correctness guarantees and explicit error bounds for distinct counting, table utilization, auxiliary collisions, and promotion probability. Experiments on real traffic traces demonstrate that SpreadTrace achieves a precision of more than 95% with less than 250 KB of memory, and reduces the estimation error by a factor of 5–10<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> compared to state-of-the-art solutions, while operating at line rate on programmable switches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of the insertion of corrugations in microwave filters for mitigation of the multipactor effect 在微波滤波器中插入波纹以减轻多因子效应的研究

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156036

S.M. Bonte , R. García , A. Coves , J.M. García-Barceló , A.A. San-Blas , M. Sancho , M.A. Sánchez-Soriano , V.E. Boria

{"title":"Study of the insertion of corrugations in microwave filters for mitigation of the multipactor effect","authors":"S.M. Bonte , R. García , A. Coves , J.M. García-Barceló , A.A. San-Blas , M. Sancho , M.A. Sánchez-Soriano , V.E. Boria","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The multipactor effect is an electron avalanche type discharge, that poses a significant challenge in radiofrequency and microwave high-power devices operating under high-vacuum conditions, affecting their signal integrity and device performance. In this paper, we propose to apply a corrugated surface profile over the inner metallic walls in several microwave components, especially filters, to mitigate this undesired effect. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the introduction of a corrugated surface over critical areas of the component significantly increases the multipactor power threshold. The corrugated profile effectively disrupts the conditions leading to the electron avalanche formation, thereby increasing the breakdown threshold level. We explore the influence of both the geometric parameters of the corrugated profile, and the critical region where it should be placed in the microwave component, providing insights into the optimal design considerations to alleviate this phenomenon. Our findings not only contribute to a broader understanding of the multipactor mitigation techniques in radiofrequency and microwave high-power components, but also offer valuable guidance for their application with a band-pass filter example, resulting in a substantial improvement of its multipactor power threshold after introducing the corrugated surface profile, while maintaining the electric performance of the originally designed component. Moreover, the proposed solution outstands other state-of-the-art multipactor reduction techniques, by avoiding the use of material coatings, micro-porous surfaces as well as non-standard waveguides, thus confirming very good prospects for its use with filtering components in high power demanding applications, such as satellite communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Satellite access points selection for cell-free LEO networks 无小区LEO网络卫星接入点选择

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156026

Yuanbo Liu, Chaotian Lu, Weiyang Xu

引用次数: 0

A 5.56 ppm/°C curvature-compensated CMOS voltage reference using reverse body biasing technique 5.56 ppm/°C曲率补偿CMOS电压基准使用反向体偏置技术

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155995

Jinbo Ji , Yao Li , Yiqiang Zhao

{"title":"A 5.56 ppm/°C curvature-compensated CMOS voltage reference using reverse body biasing technique","authors":"Jinbo Ji , Yao Li , Yiqiang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel CMOS voltage reference featuring a low temperature coefficient (TC) and low power consumption. Based on the traditional low-voltage ZTC voltage reference architecture, a reverse body biasing temperature compensation technique is introduced into the loop. This approach significantly improves the performance of TC while reducing power consumption. The proposed voltage reference is designed and simulated using a <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>18</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> CMOS process. Simulation results confirm that the reference voltage output is 678 mV, with an average temperature coefficient of 5.56 ppm/<span><math><mrow><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span> over a temperature range of −40 °C to 100 °C. The PSRR of the proposed voltage reference is 64.82 dB at 100 Hz. It operates with a minimum supply voltage of 1.05 V, and the compensation circuit structure ensures minimal current consumption, leading to a power consumption of only 1.90 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>W, with a silicon area of 0.025 mm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 155995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis and design of a load-independent clamped class E inverter 负载无关箝位E类逆变器的分析与设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156034

Yang Wang, Qisheng Qiu, Chao Qi, Wei Wang, Xiyu Mo

引用次数: 0

Investigating a CNT-based Dickson charge pump with linearly distributed capacitance working in FSL 基于碳纳米管的线性分布电容Dickson电荷泵在FSL中工作的研究

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156035

Ricky Rajora , Andrea Ballo , Kulbhushan Sharma

{"title":"Investigating a CNT-based Dickson charge pump with linearly distributed capacitance working in FSL","authors":"Ricky Rajora , Andrea Ballo , Kulbhushan Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for energy-efficient on-chip high-voltage generation in Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) applications has driven the need for low-power and fast-response charge pump (CP) designs. The interest about these blocks arises in the last decades resulting in the proposal of more accurate models, new topologies, unconventional uses and tropicalized implementations. In this last framework, for the first time, a 4-stage Dickson charge pump with a linearly distributed capacitance strategy is designed and simulated in 32-nm Stanford University’s carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) technology. Simulations were performed for different values of slope parameters a (0, −0.2, −0.5, −0.8) of the proposed linearly distributed capacitance model by varying the input voltages (V<sub>in</sub> = 300, 400, and 500 mV). For performing the simulations, total capacitance distribution of (C<sub>T</sub>), load capacitance (C<sub>L</sub>) and load resistance (R<sub>L</sub>) were chosen to be 10 pF, 100 pF, 10 MΩ, respectively, with C<sub>L</sub>/C<sub>T</sub> = 10. The simulation results show that the best performance is achieved for slope parameter a = -0.5 with PCE of 78.86 %, VCE of 98.49 %, an output resistance of 0.18 MΩ and power consumption of 79 nW for an input voltage of 400 mV. Further, the impact of process variations of CNTFET on proposed CP for slope parameter a = -0.5 is also investigated in this work. The appraisal performance parameters of the proposed strategy are well-suited for IoT and IoMT applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dual-band frequency-selective surface with rectangular filtering characteristic for the second band enabled by harmonics resonance 一种双波段频率选择表面，其第二波段具有通过谐波共振实现的矩形滤波特性

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155961

Jianpei Chen , Xia Luo , Rihui Zeng , Dongya Shen

{"title":"A dual-band frequency-selective surface with rectangular filtering characteristic for the second band enabled by harmonics resonance","authors":"Jianpei Chen , Xia Luo , Rihui Zeng , Dongya Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.155961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a dual-band frequency-selective surface is proposed, which the second band is realized utilizing higher harmonics. First, source of harmonics from a traditional single-layer X-shaped slot FSS is analyzed. Second, based on the equivalent circuit model (ECM) method, a dual-band FSS is proposed by loading a cross-dipole patch as band-stop filtering circuit, which the second band is designed close to the higher harmonics. Then, to utilize the higher harmonics, an ECM with odd- and even-mode analysis is proposed to guide the synthesis of the FSS. Cascading the top and bottom layers of the modified X-shaped slot layers and the middle cross-dipole patch layer, harmonic coupling is achieved, resulting in good rectangular filtering characteristic of the second passband is obtained. The simulated results indicate that the 3 dB relative bandwidth of the two passbands are 24.2% and 14.4%, and the roll-off rates at the left and right edges of the second passband are 233 dB/GHz and 47 dB/GHz, respectively. Finally, the prototype is fabricated and measured, showing good agreement with simulation results and angular stability up to 45°under TE polarization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 155961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Active metasurface based transmittive and reflective type reconfigurable multifunctional polarization converter 基于主动超表面的透射反射型可重构多功能偏振变换器

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156021

Niten Kumar Panda, Sudhakar Sahu, Sraddhanjali Mohapatra

{"title":"Active metasurface based transmittive and reflective type reconfigurable multifunctional polarization converter","authors":"Niten Kumar Panda, Sudhakar Sahu, Sraddhanjali Mohapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multifunctional P-I-N diode based frequency reconfigurable metasurface polarizer (RMSP) with transmittive and reflective modes is proposed. This RMSP is able to transform linear polarization (LP) electromagnetic (EM) waves to circular-polarization (CP) and cross-polarization (CLP) waves in C, X and Ku bands. Without a metal backing, the RMSP is considered as transmittive type having only reflection mode where a dual band LP-CLP conversion occurs within the frequency ranges 7.79 to 11.02 GHz and 8.12 to 11.21 GHz for off and on condition of P-I-N diode. This metal backed RMSP is converted to reflective type which has ability to convert LP-CP and LP-CLP. Less than 3 dB axial ratio (AR) is observed within 7.26 to 13.76 GHz. The polarization conversion and its handedness is explained using the magneto-electric (ME) dipole concept. The conversion process is verified by the surface current as well as the transfer matrix technique. A fabricated prototype of RMSP is tested for normal incidence which shows almost similar AR response for the transverse-magnetic (TM) and electric (TE) modes. This polarizer has potential applications in sensing polarization variation and reducing radar cross-section (RCS). Generation of simultaneous right and left CP waves by this polarizer is also useful for communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a compact, wideband, Diagonal Square Fractal MIMO antenna for vehicular communication 一种小型、宽带、对角方形分形MIMO车载通信天线的设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156023

Shalikram Rajpoot, Gaurav Singh Baghel, M.V. Swati

{"title":"Design of a compact, wideband, Diagonal Square Fractal MIMO antenna for vehicular communication","authors":"Shalikram Rajpoot, Gaurav Singh Baghel, M.V. Swati","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A miniaturized, low-profile, dual-port, Diagonal Square Fractal (DSF) MIMO antenna has been presented for vehicular communication. The proposed antenna has been integrated with a Slotted Self-Parasitic Element (SSPE) and Defective Ground Structure (DGS), offering wide bandwidth, high isolation, and improved impedance matching. Proper optimization of SSPE dimensions and position leads to enhancement of the overall antenna bandwidth, while careful optimization of dimensions and the positioning of DGS leads to improved impedance matching. The proposed antenna houses an extensive wideband that covers 1.42 GHz, i.e., from 5.40 to 6.82 GHz at the Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) band and 3.03 GHz, i.e., from 8.39 to 11.42 GHz, at X-band. The proposed MIMO antenna is fabricated on RT/duroid 5880 substrate with compact dimensions of 20.41 x 45.44 x 4.15 <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. The proposed configuration achieved a maximum gain of 16.10 dBi, 21.50 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 92.43%, 92.37%, respectively, at the desired bands. Simulated and experimental investigations of the MIMO diversity parameters depict intensive performance. The consistency of the simulation and experimental results and the results obtained strongly recommend the worthiness of the proposed antenna for vehicular communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Block Amari Alpha Least Mean Square Algorithm based Channel Estimation for MIMO Network 基于块Amari Alpha最小均方算法的MIMO网络信道估计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156011

Shekhar Pratap Singh, Parth Sharma, Pyari Mohan Pradhan

{"title":"Block Amari Alpha Least Mean Square Algorithm based Channel Estimation for MIMO Network","authors":"Shekhar Pratap Singh, Parth Sharma, Pyari Mohan Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increase in the number of users, the channel estimation in the presence of pilot contamination has become more challenging. To reduce the computational complexity involved in performing adaptive channel estimation in real time, block adaptive filters are widely used. This paper proposes a channel estimation technique that uses least mean square (LMS) adaptive filtering algorithm based on information-theoretic divergence, named Amari-Alpha divergence based Block LMS (AABLMS) algorithm. This algorithm is used to study a scenario where multiple users receive contaminated pilot signals. The condition for convergence of the proposed AABLMS algorithm in the mean sense is derived, and the upper and lower bounds for the learning rate are derived. Further, the block counterparts of existing state-of-the-art LMS variants are compared with that of the proposed AABLMS algorithm in terms of computational complexity, mean square deviation (MSD), and mean square error (MSE). The simulation results show that the proposed AABLMS algorithm performs better than other block LMS-based counterparts in the presence of channel noise and pilot contaminating noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 156011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0