American Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Beyond serum phosphorus: metabolic balance studies offer insight on effects of phosphate binders in dialysis patients.","authors":"Kathleen M Hill Gallant","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative plasma short- and branched-chain fatty acids in relation to risk of complications after colorectal cancer surgery: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Niels Klaassen-Dekker, Erwin G Zoetendal, Edoardo Capuano, Renate M Winkels, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, N Tjarda van Heek, Flip M Kruyt, Arve Ulvik, Adrian McCann, Per Magne Ueland, Johannes H W de Wilt, Ellen Kampman, Dieuwertje E Kok","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that nutritional prehabilitation reduces risk of complications after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. The gut microbiota and its metabolic activity potentially link preoperative diet to postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate associations between preoperative plasma levels of microbial-derived metabolites and postoperative complications in CRC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a prospective cohort study among 1220 patients with non-metastatic CRC. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate, as well as the branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) isovalerate, isobutyrate and α-methylbutyrate were measured in plasma collected at diagnosis. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using regression models adjusted for age, sex, tumor location, smoking status, and physical health status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acetate levels of 40.0 μmol/L were associated with a lower risk of any postoperative complications compared to the reference of 20.0 μmol/L (PR 0.76; 95%CI 0.62, 0.93). Higher levels of propionate (per 1 μmol/L) were associated with a lower risk of any complications (PR 0.84; 95%CI 0.73, 0.96). Similar associations were found for acetate (per 20 μmol/L) and propionate (per 1 μmol/L) in relation to surgical complications (PR 0.75; 95%CI 0.60, 0.93; and PR 0.83; 95%CI 0.69, 1.00; respectively). No associations were found for BCFAs in relation to complications. Low (below median) total SCFA levels combined with high (above median) total BCFA levels were least favorable in terms of complication risk (PR 1.35; 95%CI 1.02, 1.80) when compared to a low SCFA/low BCFA profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that microbial fermentation processes, mainly those resulting in higher SCFA levels, may be linked to postoperative recovery. These findings provide leads for future studies investigating the role of preoperative diet, especially the balance between fiber and protein intake, and microbial metabolism in relation to postoperative recovery of patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial details: </strong>This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov with registration number NCT03191110.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean diet, metabolic signature, genetic predisposition, and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a large-scale population-based prospective cohort study.","authors":"Xin Song, Xiaofeng Ma, Bin Yang, Di Zhang, Yanqiu Zou, Bowen Lei, Rong Xiang, Xunying Zhao, Yang Qu, Sirui Zheng, Ting Yu, Jinyu Zhou, Tao Han, Yangdan Zhong, Maoyao Xia, Lars Alfredsson, Karin Leander, Mengyu Fan, Xia Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While the Mediterranean (MED) diet has been associated with reduced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, the underlying metabolic mechanisms and the role of genetic susceptibility in this relationship remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify a metabolic signature linked to the MED diet and examine its association with the risk of RA, while accounting for genetic predispositions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 109,565 participants in the UK Biobank. Elastic net regression was applied to generate a MED-related metabolic signature. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between MED diet score, its derived metabolic signature, and incident RA. A polygenic risk score (PRS) for RA was incorporated to evaluate joint associations and potential interactions between genetic susceptibility and MED diet score or its metabolic signature in relation to RA risk. Mediation analysis was conducted to estimate the extent to which metabolic signature mediates the MED diet-RA association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 11.6 years, 1,123 participants developed RA. We identified a MED diet-related metabolic signature comprising 66 metabolites. Both MED diet score and metabolic signature were inversely associated with RA risk - comparing the 90^th to the 10^th percentiles, hazard ratios (HRs) for RA were 0.73 (95%CI: 0.63, 0.84) for MED diet score and 0.60 (95%CI: 0.50, 0.70) for metabolic signature. These associations remained consistent across all strata of genetic risk. Joint analyses indicated that favorable metabolic profiles may attenuate genetic predisposition to RA. Mediation analysis showed that the metabolic signature explained 22.4% (95%CI: 11.8%, 44.8%) of the MED diet-RA association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified a robust metabolic signature reflecting the metabolic response to the MED diet. This signature was inversely associated with RA risk and partially mitigated the genetic susceptibility to RA. These findings highlight the potential of metabolic signature for enhancing dietary assessment and guiding personalized nutritional intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of saffron extract supplementation on mood in healthy adults with subclinical symptoms of depression: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Camille Amadieu, Quentin Leyrolle, Milena Farneti, Andrea Anesi, Eva Bruchet, Juliette Montet, Sandra Dexpert, David Gaudout, Fulvio Mattivi, Line Pourtau, Nathalie Castanon, Lucile Capuron","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subclinical depressive symptoms, including low mood, fatigue and anxiety, refer to clinically relevant depressive manifestations that do not meet the criteria for major depressive disorder. These symptoms affect quality of life and can lead to chronic mental health issues. Nutritional interventions, such as saffron extract supplementation, may help modulate mood and inflammation, potentially alleviating these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a 6-week saffron extract supplementation on mood in healthy individuals with subclinical neuropsychiatric symptoms and explored the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved 51 adult healthy individuals who received oral administration of either saffron extract or a placebo for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was a composite z-score averaging standardized scores of depression (BDI-II), anxiety (STAI-YA), and fatigue (MFI-20). Secondary outcomes included neuropsychiatric scores, quality of life, inflammatory markers and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity. Amino acid derivatives were analysed in blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Saffron extract did not significantly affect the primary outcome of combined depressive, anxiety, and fatigue symptoms (z-score) nor individual symptoms. However, it improved auto-perceived mental health, as reflected in increased mental health scores over time on the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 12 questionnaire, compared to placebo (mean at 6 weeks=53.8 ± 12.7 vs 44.6 ± 11.4 for placebo and saffron group respectively, Time x Treatment=0.04). There were no significant effects on inflammatory parameters or HPA axis reactivity. Metabolomic analysis revealed that saffron extract significantly modulated N-acetyl-phenylalanine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Saffron extract supplementation did not affect subclinical depressive symptoms, either measured as a composite score or individual symptom categories. A potential effect on improved mental health outcomes cannot be excluded but requires further replication in future well-powered trials. Saffromfood study, clinicaltrial.gov: NCT05690126. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05690126?term=NCT05690126&rank=1.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The carbon isotope ratio of alanine is a biomarker of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverage intakes: a pooled analysis of four studies.","authors":"Jessica J Johnson, Sambit Ghosh, Pamela A Shaw, Marian L Neuhouser, Johanna W Lampe, Lesley F Tinker, Ross L Prentice, Natasha Tasevska, Laurence S Freedman, Bert B Boyer, Scarlett E Hopkins, Sarah H Nash, Susanne B Votruba, Jonathan Krakoff, Diane M O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The alanine carbon isotope ratio (Ala CIR) biomarker was positively associated with added sugar (AS) and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake in multiple studies from the USA. Association strengths varied, and Ala CIR was also correlated with protein source in certain studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine Ala CIR associations with AS and SSB intake and animal protein ratio (animal protein/total protein, APR), and adjustment for APR, by pooling data from 4 previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We pooled diet and biomarker data from 4 studies (n=346). These included a cross-sectional study of Yup'ik Alaska Native adults (n=62), a 12-wk randomized controlled feeding study in men (n=32), a 2-wk habitual intake controlled feeding study in postmenopausal women (n=153), and a 15-d habitual intake controlled feeding study of adults (n=99). We estimated correlations between amino acid CIRs and diet, and performed multivariable regression of Ala CIR on standardized intake variables to determine simultaneous associations with AS (g/d) or SSBs (servings/d) and APR. We included study by intake interactions to allow for heterogeneity among studies. We then ran models where leucine (Leu) CIR was included to adjust for APR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were positive correlations (95% CIs) between Ala CIR and AS intake [r=0.54 (0.46, 0.61)], log-SSB intake [r=0.63 (0.56, 0.69)], and APR [r=0.32 (0.22, 0.41)]. Study-specific slopes for the relationship between Ala CIR and AS or SSB intake were similar in models with and without adjustment for APR. Across studies, slopes ranged from 0.34 (0.08, 0.61) to 1.75 (1.29, 2.20) for AS intake in models with APR and from 0.35 (0.01, 0.68) to 1.11 (0.81, 1.40) for SSB intake in models with APR. Replacing APR with Leu CIR resulted in similar slopes between Ala CIR and AS/SSB intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Ala CIR is a robust biomarker of AS/SSB intake. Potential associations with APR can be adjusted for using a simultaneously-measured biomarker.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry number: </strong>(DBD study) clinicaltrials.gov/NCT01237093; (NPAAS) clinicaltrials.gov/NCT00000611.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex hormone changes in a 24-mo dietary and physical activity randomized intervention trial in postmenopausal females: the Diet, physical Activity and Mammography study (DAMA) study","authors":"Benedetta Bendinelli ,&nbsp;Giovanna Danza ,&nbsp;Melania Assedi ,&nbsp;Fabio Villanelli ,&nbsp;Giulia Vagnoni ,&nbsp;Elisa Pastore ,&nbsp;Ilaria Ermini ,&nbsp;Calogero Saieva ,&nbsp;Saverio Caini ,&nbsp;Sara Marchiani ,&nbsp;Linda Vignozzi ,&nbsp;Giovanna Masala","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The role of sex steroid hormones in the etiology of several diseases, including breast and endometrial cancer, has been widely documented. In postmenopausal females, higher concentrations of estrogens and androgens are associated with a higher risk of developing breast cancer. It is therefore important to investigate whether and how diet and physical activity (PA) can modulate sex hormone blood concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We evaluated the effect of a 24-mo dietary and/or PA intervention on plasma concentrations of a series of sex hormones.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The 234 study participants were healthy postmenopausal females aged 50–69 y, with high breast density, nonsmokers, and no hormone replacement therapy users. They were randomly assigned to the following 4 intervention arms: <em>1</em>) isocaloric dietary intervention, mainly plant-based; <em>2</em>) moderate-intensity exercise intervention with ≥1 h/wk of supervised strenuous activity; <em>3</em>) both dietary and exercise interventions; <em>4</em>) control group with general recommendations on healthy lifestyle. In plasma samples collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention, concentrations of estradiol, estrone, progesterone, 17-OH progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods. Sex hormone-binding globulin was determined by immunoassay, and free estradiol and testosterone were calculated using the Vermeulen method. Statistical analyses were performed using Tobit regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 24 mo, females randomly assigned to dietary treatment (arms 1 + 3) showed significant lower concentrations of estradiol [exp(<em>β</em>) 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61, 0.97; <em>P</em> value 0.03] and free estradiol (exp(<em>β</em>) 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.998; <em>P</em> value 0.048) compared with the control group (arms 2 + 4). No significant differences emerged for the other sex hormones. No effect of PA intervention was evident. Further adjustment for weight change that occurred during the intervention did not modify the results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that, in healthy postmenopausal females with high breast density, a healthy diet mainly based on plant food may play a role as a modulator of plasma estradiol concentration.</div><div>This trial was registered at the ISRCTN Registry (<span><span>www.isrctn.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) as ISRCTN28492718.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"122 4","pages":"Pages 1111-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of breastfeeding with maternal and child health outcomes: umbrella review","authors":"Jia-Zi Liu ,&nbsp;Min-Qi Liao ,&nbsp;Lu Zheng ,&nbsp;Hao-Rong Li ,&nbsp;Xin Su ,&nbsp;Yong-Hui Feng ,&nbsp;Jia-Min Qiu ,&nbsp;Shi-Wen Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Cai ,&nbsp;Shi-Yun Chen ,&nbsp;Shi-Qi Huang ,&nbsp;Hao-Kun Huang ,&nbsp;Yan-Bin Ye ,&nbsp;Sha-Sha Han ,&nbsp;Sui Zhu ,&nbsp;Da-Lin Lu ,&nbsp;Kenneth Lo ,&nbsp;Fang-Fang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Breastfeeding (BF) has been reported to be beneficial for both mothers and their offspring, but the evidence for these associations has not been systematically evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This umbrella review aims to assess the credibility of existing evidence regarding the associations between BF and health outcomes in mothers and offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For each health outcome, evidence levels were determined using reanalyzed random-effects estimates, between-study heterogeneity, 95% predictive intervals, publication bias, small-study effects, and excess significance bias. Methodological quality was assessed by A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2, and evidence credibility was graded with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 192 meta-analyses from 62 articles were included. Among maternal outcomes, 3 meta-analyses (3/65, 4.6%) were considered to provide convincing evidence that BF reduced risks of ovarian cancer [odds ratio (OR) range: 0.70–0.78] and hypertension (OR range: 0.89–0.93). For short-term offspring outcomes, 5 meta-analyses (5/114, 4.4%) were considered to provide convincing evidence that exclusive BF or ever BF was associated with lower risks of sudden infant death syndrome [OR: 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54, 0.73] and allergic rhinitis (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.70), alongside improved physical fitness (standing long jump, standardized mean differences: 0.20–0.27). Early BF initiation (&lt;1 h after birth) reduced neonatal mortality risk by 56% (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.61). Regarding long-term offspring outcomes, 2 meta-analyses (2/13, 15.4%) were considered to offer highly suggestive and suggestive evidence, respectively, suggesting the inverse associations of ever BF on overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood. After GRADE credibility assessment, only 4 of 192 meta-analyses were classified as moderate-quality evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support the benefits of BF for mothers and their offspring, underscoring the importance of promoting BF practices to improve maternal and child health outcomes.</div><div>This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023447328 (<span><span>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023447328</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"122 4","pages":"Pages 1061-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Target the dose, mind the context: priorities for pediatric acute malnutrition treatment in an era of declining global food assistance","authors":"Kevin B Stephenson ,&nbsp;David Taylor Hendrixson ,&nbsp;Mark J Manary","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"122 4","pages":"Pages 909-910"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invitation for Nominations for 2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"122 4","pages":"Pages 1137-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of body weight changes and blood lipids on risk for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study","authors":"Sofia Håglin ,&nbsp;Mona Edström ,&nbsp;Lennart Bäckman ,&nbsp;Lena Håglin","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parkinson´s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with high risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, where a known risk factor pattern includes low body weight and low blood lipids.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This cohort study investigates prospective associations between changes in body mass index (BMI), plasma triglycerides (P-TG) and plasma cholesterol with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at time of PD diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with PD were identified prospectively in a community-based study of idiopathic Parkinsonism (<em>n =</em> 151) where the patient database was crosslinked to the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. The present prospective cohort study (<em>n =</em> 96) considers the timepoint for the healthcare visit the baseline and time for diagnosis as follow-up. At diagnosis of PD, 42 patients (43.8%) were diagnosed with MCI. Associations between prodromal body weight changes and blood lipids with risk of MCI at PD diagnosis were assessed with logistic regression [odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] adjusted for age and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High P-TG at time of diagnosis were protective for MCI whereas a high age increased risk in patients with PD (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.87 and OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.22, respectively). BMI was not predictive for MCI, neither at diagnosis nor for change over time (adjusted OR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.13 and OR 1.12; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.33, respectively). An increase in P-TG was protective for MCI (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.88) whereas an interaction between change in BMI and P-TG (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.02, 4.77) increased risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High risk of MCI in patients with PD at the time of diagnosis was associated with low levels of P-TG and an interaction between change in BMI and P-TG before diagnosis, suggesting that nutritional factors have complex influence on cognitive function in the prodromal stage of PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"122 4","pages":"Pages 1086-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}