American Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of the glucose patterns after a single nonstandardized meal with the habitual diet composition and features of the daily glucose profile in individuals without diabetes.","authors":"Annalisa Giosuè, Viktor Skantze, Therese Hjorth, Anna Hjort, Carl Brunius, Rosalba Giacco, Giuseppina Costabile, Marilena Vitale, Mikael Wallman, Mats Jirstrand, Robert Bergia, Wayne W Campbell, Gabriele Riccardi, Rikard Landberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The postprandial glucose response (PPGR), contributing to the glycemic variability (GV), is positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk in people without diabetes, and can thus represent a target for cardiometabolic prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to distinguish patterns of PPGR after a single nonstandardized meal and to evaluate their relationship with the habitual diet and the daily glucose profile (DGP) in individuals at high-cardiometabolic risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline 4-d continuous glucose monitoring was performed in 159 adults recruited in the MEDGI-Carb trial. After a nonstandardized breakfast, parameters of the PPGR were estimated by a mechanistic model: baseline glucose; amplitude-the magnitude of postmeal glucose concentrations; frequency-the velocity of postmeal glucose oscillations; damping-the rate of postmeal glucose decay. PPGR patterns were identified by cluster analysis. Differences between clusters and the relationship between PPGR parameters and individual features were explored by one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patterns of PPGR emerged. Pattern A had a higher baseline, amplitude, frequency, and damping than B. Individuals in cluster A compared with B had higher energy (2002 ± 526 compared with 1766 ± 455 kcal, P = 0.025), protein (82 ± 22 compared with 72 ± 21 g, P = 0.028), and fat (87 ± 30 compared with 75 ± 22 g, P = 0.041), but not carbohydrate habitual intake. Pattern A compared to B associated with a higher average daily glucose (6.12 ± 0.50 compared with 5.88 ± 0.62 mmol/L, P = 0.019) and lower GV (11.67 ± 3.52 compared with 13.43 ± 3.78%, P = 0.010). Mean daily glucose correlated directly with baseline (r_s = 0.419, P < 0.001) and amplitude (r_s = 0.189, P = 0.022) of the PPGR, whereas DGP variability correlated directly with amplitude (r_s = 0.218, P = 0.008), and inversely with frequency (r_s = -0.179, P = 0.031) and damping (r_s = -0.309, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Two PPGR patterns after a single nonstandardized breakfast were identified in high-cardiometabolic risk individuals. The habitual diet was associated with the patterns and their dynamic parameters, which, in turn, could predict the individuals' DGP. Our findings could support the implementation of dietary strategies targeting the PPGR to ameliorate the cardiometabolic risk profile.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03410719.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns and risk of multiple cancers: umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies.","authors":"Jia-Li Yin, Yi-Zi Li, Ran Wang, Xin-Jian Song, Long-Gang Zhao, Dong-Dong Wang, Jia-Cheng Liu, Pei-Chen Liu, Jia-Yi Wang, Yu-Chen Shi, Fang-Hua Liu, Xing Chen, Ming-Hui Sun, Yi-Xuan Men, Jin Xu, Shuai Ma, Ying Qin, Song Gao, Yu-Hong Zhao, Xiang Gao, Lu Qi, Xue-Hong Zhang, Ting-Ting Gong, Qi-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous prospective cohort studies have investigated the influence of dietary patterns on the risks of various cancers, although the findings differed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the associations of dietary patterns with risks of various cancers and assess the strength and validity of the evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant articles were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases from inception to February 22, 2024. The included systematic reviews were meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies that reported an effect size to calculate the association between dietary patterns and cancer risk. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews and the certainty of evidence was assessed using credibility assessment of evidence. Outcomes of interest included any incident cancers. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023425237).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 74 meta-analyses from 30 articles were identified. Three meta-analyses (4.1%) were graded as convincing evidence and included associations between adherence to the 2007 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) dietary recommendations (per 1-unit score increase) and lower risk of all cancers (relative risk [RR] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92, 0.95), whereas negative associations were found comparing the highest compared with lowest categories for a prudent diet (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.93) and vegetable-fruit-soybean diet (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.92) in relation to breast cancer. After credibility assessment of evidence by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, 4 (5.4%) meta-analyses were classified as high, including adherence to the 2007 WCRF/AICR dietary recommendations and decreased risks of all cancers, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that adherence to certain healthy dietary patterns is associated with lower risk of all cancers and certain individual cancers. This study was registered at crd.york.ac.uk, PROSPERO as CRD42023425237 and /PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=425237.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of an intervention to reduce aflatoxin consumption from 6 to 18 mo of age on length-for-age z-scores in rural Tanzania: a cluster-randomized trial.","authors":"Erica Phillips, Francis M Ngure, Neema Kassim, Paul C Turner, Edna Makule, Laura E Smith, Nyabasi Makori, Benedikt Cramer, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Rebecca J Nelson, Rebecca J Stoltzfus","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Linear growth faltering continues to negatively affect children in low- and middle-income countries and is associated with poor cognitive, developmental, and educational outcomes. Laboratory and observational data suggest that aflatoxin (AF) is a contributor to stunting.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial was a cluster-randomized, community-based 2-group trial conducted in Kongwa District, Tanzania, between 2018 and 2020. The trial assessed whether a 12-mo intervention to reduce AF consumption increased length-for-age z-scores (LAZ) at 18 mo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Low-AF maize and groundnut flours were provided to the intervention group each month; skin lotion was distributed to the control group monthly. Infant and young child feeding education was delivered equally in 52 health facilities (clusters). Anthropometry and the AF blood biomarker serum AF-albumin (AF-alb) were assessed at 6, 12, and 18 mo of age. Outcomes were analyzed as intention-to-treat and per-protocol using linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two thousand eight hundred forty-two maternal-infant dyads were recruited into the study. The intervention did not create a contrast in AF-alb. At 18 mo, 36% (n = 186/520) of infants had detectable levels of AF-alb compared with 54% (n = 195/364) at baseline, with no difference between groups. Mean LAZ in the intervention group at 18 mo was -1.83 (n = 1231, 95% CI: -1.93, -1.73) compared to -1.90 (n = 1287, 95% CI: -1.99, -1.82) in the control group (P = 0.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An intervention to reduce AF exposure did not alter AF-alb nor anthropometric measures between treatment groups. Drought and agricultural data indicated less favorable conditions for toxin production, resulting in low levels of exposure in both trial arms. Annual, seasonal, and geographic heterogeneity of AF contamination make it difficult to study in an ethically designed trial. Our formative research and early trial data indicate that stunting and intermittent AF exposure continue to be a problem in this region. However, the low-AF exposure levels during the trial led to inconclusive results.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT03940547 (ClinicalTrials.org).</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional associations between consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners and diet quality among United States adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3.","authors":"Allison C Sylvetsky, Ellen L Mitchell, Mariana F Grilo, Caroline Y Um, Ying Wang, Rebecca A Hodge, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are used to replace added sugar, yet whether NNS consumers have better or worse diet quality compared to nonconsumers is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate cross-sectional associations between NNS consumption and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from participants in the American Cancer Society (ACS) Cancer Prevention Study-3 cohort were used for this analysis. NNS intake was estimated using self-reported consumption of NNS-containing beverages, packets, and yogurt from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Participants were categorized into nonconsumers, <1 serving, 1 to <2 servings and ≥2 servings per day. Diet quality was assessed using the ACS diet score (2020) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015). Analysis of variance was used to compare diet quality scores across NNS consumption groups, and multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between NNS consumption and diet quality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds of low diet quality across NNS consumption groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 163,679 participants [median age 53 y (IQR 45-60), 78.9% females, mean NNS intake 1.0 ± 1.5 servings/d, mean HEI-2015 score 75.4 ± 10.2] were included. NNS consumers had lower diet quality for ACS diet score (6.8 ± 0.03 among nonconsumers compared with 6.5 ± 0.03, 6.3 ± 0.03, and 6.1± 0.03 for consumers of <1 serving, 1 to <2 servings, and ≥2 servings of NNS per day, respectively, P-trend < 0.0001) and HEI-2015 (76.3 ± 0.1 among nonconsumers compared with 76.7 ± 0.1, 75.6 ± 0.2, and 72.7± 0.2 for consumers of <1 serving, 1 to <2 servings, and ≥2 servings of NNS per day, respectively, P-trend < 0.0001). Odds of low diet quality were higher among NNS consumers and were higher with higher NNS consumption (3%, 17%, and 43% higher odds of low diet quality among those who consumed <1 serving, 1 to <2 servings and ≥2 servings of NNS per day).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NNS consumers have lower diet quality in a large cohort of adults in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal vitamin D status, fetal growth patterns, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a multisite prospective pregnancy cohort.","authors":"Celeste Beck, Nathan R Blue, Robert M Silver, Muzi Na, William A Grobman, Jonathan Steller, Samuel Parry, Christina Scifres, Alison D Gernand","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have examined maternal vitamin D status and fetal growth patterns across gestation. Furthermore, time points in pregnancy at which maternal vitamin D status is most critical for optimal fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes are uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our objective was to examine whether first and second trimester maternal vitamin D status are associated with fetal growth patterns and pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis using data and samples from a multisite prospective cohort study of nulliparous pregnant females in the United States. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) for 351 participants at 6-13 and 16-21 weeks of gestation. Fetal growth was measured by ultrasound at 16-21 and 22-29 weeks of gestation, and neonatal anthropometric measures at birth. We constructed fetal growth curves using length, weight, and head circumference z-scores, and calculated risk of preterm birth (<37 wk) and small for gestational age (SGA). We examined outcomes across 25(OH)D concentrations assessed continuously, using Institute of Medicine (IOM) cutoffs (<50 compared with ≥50 nmol/L), and using exploratory cutoffs (<40, 40-59.9, 60-79.9, ≥80 nmol/L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) was prevalent in 20% of participants in the first trimester. Each 10 nmol/L increase in first trimester 25(OH)D was associated with a 0.05 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.10] increase in length-for-age z-score but was not associated with weight or head circumference. There were no differences in risk of preterm birth or SGA using IOM cutoffs; participants with first trimester 25(OH)D <40 compared with ≥80 nmol/L had 4.35 (95% CI: 1.14, 16.55) times risk of preterm birth. Second trimester 25(OH)D was not associated with fetal growth patterns or with pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>First trimester 25(OH)D is positively associated with linear growth. Low first trimester 25(OH)D (<40 nmol/L) is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth. Second trimester 25(OH)D is not associated with fetal growth or pregnancy outcomes assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a 12-mo intervention with whey protein powder on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Fengping Li, Ruikun He, Zhongbao Yue, Haoran Yi, Likang Lu, Longbang Zhang, Jiahui Shi, Chenchen Zheng, Jiayi Jiao, Jianying Peng, Benchao Li, Shuang Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our previous animal study revealed that supplementation with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) alleviated Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice. We hypothesized that supplementation with whey protein powder rich in MFGM, taurine, and B vitamins would improve cognitive function in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We conducted a 12-mo randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of whey protein powder on cognitive function in older adults with MCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the active intervention group (whey protein powder, 15 g/d) or the control group (placebo, 15 g/d). We performed comprehensive cognitive function tests at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. The primary outcome was global cognitive function determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Secondary outcomes included other cognitive subdomains, and body composition. The data were analyzed using the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 107 participants [mean (standard deviation) age 62.94 (4.33) y] were randomly assigned to the active intervention group (n = 53), or control group (n = 54). In the ITT analysis, the mean change in MoCA score at 12 mo was 3.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.17, 4.30] in the active intervention group and 1.42 (95% CI: 0.36, 2.48) in the control group, with the mean difference between groups (group × time interaction) in change of MoCA score was 1.81 (95% CI: 0.32, 3.30). The modified ITT and per-protocol analyses showed similar results. The results also found a significant beneficial effect of the active intervention for several secondary cognitive outcomes such as Digit Symbol Substitution Test score, and the mean difference between groups in the ITT analysis was 2.72 (95% CI: 0.20, 5.23). Few side effects were reported during the study, and there was no statistically significant difference between groups (P = 0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Supplementation with whey protein powder rich in MFGM, taurine, and B vitamins for 12 mo improve cognitive function in older adults with MCI. This trial was registered at the https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=150871 as ChiCTR2200062705.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEMPORARY REMOVAL: Content of selected nutrients and potential contaminants in prenatal multivitamins and minerals: an observational study.","authors":"Laura M Borgelt, Michael Armstrong, Stephen Brindley, Jared M Brown, Nichole Reisdorph, Carol A Stamm","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Produce prescription benefits redemption and activity in an observational study of 2680 Massachusetts Medicaid members.","authors":"Ronit A Ridberg, Julia Reedy Sharib, Dariush Mozaffarian","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food is Medicine interventions are increasingly employed to address food and nutrition insecurity and diet sensitive conditions, and advance health equity. Produce prescription (PRx) programs hold particular promise, providing funds to purchase fruits and vegetables as part of a treatment plan. Despite early evidence, key knowledge gaps remain regarding redemption and activity rates, identified as critical but understudied factors with research, clinical, and policy implications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This prospective observational study investigates benefits utilization in a population of 2680 Massachusetts Medicaid members enrolled in the Fresh Connect PRx intervention between July 2020 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined trends overall, by duration of participation, alongside program changes, and by individual-level characteristics, providing a more complete picture of key correlates to benefits utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants enrolling during program periods with access to larger number of stores had ≤14.5% absolute higher redemption rates [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.4, 18.7] and, separately, 5-fold greater likelihood of shopping each month (odds ratio 5.0, 95% CI: 3.7, 6.7) than those enrolled with fewest locations. Within individuals in the program 24 mo, participation increased with time, with active shoppers rising from 65% in month 1 to 75% in month 12 to 85% in month 24; and redemption rising from 31% to 68% to 88% over the same period. Redemption was also higher for females compared with males (5.9% higher, 95% CI: 3.0, 8.7), Asian compared with White participants (18.3% higher, 95% CI: 10.6, 26.1), and for participants reporting Spanish as their preferred language compared with English (13.9% higher, 95% CI: 10.9, 16.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Activity and redemption can each be high in PRx, and may be positively associated with more shopping locations, longer participation and program implementation experience, and specific participant demographic factors. These findings inform interpretation of prior and design of future research on PRx, health outcomes, and healthcare utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prospective associations of fetal growth-related pregnancy complications with subsequent breastfeeding duration and markers of human milk production.","authors":"Wei Wei Pang, Donna T Geddes, Ching-Tat Lai, Navin Michael, Jonathan Huang, Yiong Huak Chan, Clara Y Cheong, Doris Fok, Shikha Pundir, Sharon Ng, Mark H Vickers, Mei Chien Chua, Kok Hian Tan, Keith M Godfrey, Lynette P Shek, Yap-Seng Chong, Johan G Eriksson, Shiao-Yng Chan, Mary E Wlodek","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The development of the breast for lactation occurs throughout pregnancy. It is unknown whether pregnancy complications resulting in poor fetal growth can affect breastfeeding (BF) success.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We examined whether fetal growth-related pregnancy complications were associated with earlier BF cessation and changes in the concentrations of human milk biomarkers of low milk production.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes study (n = 954). Human milk concentrations of protein, lactose, citrate, sodium, potassium, and zinc at 3 wk postpartum were available for 180 mother-infant dyads. We examined the associations of fetal growth measures, including term infants born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (<10th percentile), pregnancies complicated by fetal growth deceleration (second to third trimester fetal growth dropped between major centiles), elevated umbilical artery resistance (>90th percentile) or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) with 1) risk of ceasing BF (Cox regression) and 2) concentrations of human milk components (weighted linear regression).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusting for maternal education, smoking exposure, BF intentions, and prepregnancy BMI (in kg/m²), individuals who delivered SGA infants and those with HDP were more likely to breastfeed for a shorter duration when compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies {adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.45 (1.11, 1.89) and 1.61 (1.14, 2.29), respectively}; associations were nonsignificant for fetal growth deceleration and umbilical artery resistance. SGA was not associated with concentrations of human milk biomarkers, but compared to participants with uncomplicated pregnancies, milk produced by those with HDP contained lower zinc concentrations [adjusted β coefficient (95% CI): -0.56 mg/L (-1.08, -0.04) mg/L].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with HDP and those with SGA infants tend to breastfeed for a shorter duration; however, only HDP appear to be associated with biomarkers of compromised milk production. Further research and support are needed to help individuals with HDP and SGA achieve their BF goals. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the EAT-Lancet diet, serial measures of serum proteome and gut microbiome, and cardiometabolic health: a prospective study of Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults.","authors":"Kui Deng, Luqi Shen, Zhangzhi Xue, Bang-Yan Li, Jun Tang, Hui Zhao, Fengzhe Xu, Zelei Miao, Xue Cai, Wei Hu, Yuanqing Fu, Zengliang Jiang, Xinxiu Liang, Congmei Xiao, Menglei Shuai, Wanglong Gou, Liang Yue, Yuting Xie, Ting-Yu Sun, Tiannan Guo, Yu-Ming Chen, Ju-Sheng Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The EAT-Lancet diet was reported to be mutually beneficial for the human cardiometabolic system and planetary health. However, mechanistic evidence linking the EAT-Lancet diet and human cardiometabolic health is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to investigate the role of blood proteins in the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic health and explore the underlying gut microbiota-blood protein interplay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was based on a prospective cohort including 3742 Chinese participants enrolled from 2008-2013 with serum proteome data repeatedly measured ≤3 times (N_proteome = 7514) and 1195 with gut metagenomic data measured ≤2 times over 9 y (N_microbiota = 1695). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariable linear regression were used to explore the associations of the EAT-Lancet diet (assessed by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire) with serum proteins and gut microbes. Linear mixed-effect model and logistic regression were used to examine the associations of selected proteins with 11 cardiometabolic risk factors and 4 cardiometabolic diseases, respectively. Mediation analysis was used to identify potential mediation effects. Multiple comparisons were adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (standard deviation) age of enrolled participants was 58.4 (6.1) y (31.6% men). The EAT-Lancet diet was prospectively associated with 4 core proteins, including α-2-macroglobulin (A2M) (pooled β: 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05, 0.2), retinol-binding protein 4 (pooled β: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.04), TBC1 domain family member 31 (pooled β: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.22, 0), and adenylate kinase 4 (pooled β: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.3, -0.08). The identified proteins were prospectively associated with cardiometabolic diseases (pooled odds ratio ranged from 0.8-1.18) and risk factors (pooled β ranged from -0.1 to 0.12), mediating the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and blood triglycerides. We then identified 5 gut microbial biomarkers of the EAT-Lancet diet, and discovered a potential gut microbiota-blood protein interplay (EAT-Lancet diet→Rothia mucilaginosa→A2M) underlying the EAT-Lancet diet-cardiometabolic health association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study presents key molecular evidence to support the role of EAT-Lancet diet adherence in promoting cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}