American Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Kind Kids, Healthy Teens: Child Prosociality and Fruit and Vegetable Intake","authors":"Farah Qureshi ScD ,&nbsp;Krista P. Woodward MPH, MSW ,&nbsp;Laura D. Kubzansky PhD ,&nbsp;Julia K. Boehm PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.107965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.107965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prosocial behaviors (i.e., being kind, caring, and cooperative) are believed to shape health and well-being starting in childhood. Yet, limited research has examined their long-term impact on health outcomes later in life. This study examined associations between childhood prosocial behaviors and fruit and vegetable consumption patterns across adolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were from the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study (N=6,265). Caregivers reported children’s prosocial behaviors using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 5 (2005–2007), 7 (2007–2009), and 11 (2011–2013) years. In 2024, Poisson regression was conducted to assess the associations between prosocial behaviors at age 5 years and sustained healthy levels of self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption across ages 14 (2014–2016) and 17 (2017–2019) years, defined as eating ≥2 portions of each daily. To evaluate heterogeneity by developmental stage, secondary analyses considered associations with prosocial behaviors at ages 7 and 11 years. All analyses adjusted for relevant confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More engagement in prosocial behaviors at age 5 years was associated with a greater likelihood of sustaining healthy fruit and vegetable consumption over time (adjusted prevalence ratio per 1 SD=1.14; 95% CI=1.02, 1.27). Comparable associations were observed with prosocial behaviors at ages 7 (adjusted prevalence ratio per 1 SD=1.12; 95% CI=1.03, 1.23) and 11 (adjusted prevalence ratio per 1 SD=1.13; 95% CI=1.03, 1.24) years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Greater engagement in prosocial behaviors was related to healthy fruit and vegetable consumption patterns across adolescence with comparable associations when prosocial behaviors were measured at ages 5, 7, and 11 years. These findings suggest fostering prosociality throughout childhood may be a novel intervention strategy to promote healthy eating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 4","pages":"Article 107965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribal Marijuana Possession Laws: Prohibition to Legalization Among Native American Nations","authors":"Todd Ebling PhD ,&nbsp;Mark Hall JD ,&nbsp;Jessica King Jensen PhD ,&nbsp;Sunday Azagba PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Amid the significant evolution of marijuana policy in the U.S., with numerous states adopting more permissive regulations, a notable gap exists in understanding how American Indian/Alaska Native tribes govern marijuana within tribal jurisdictions. This study aims to systematically document the legal status of marijuana possession in tribal laws.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An archive of tribal possession laws was compiled as of January 2025 using the National Indian Law Library’s Tribal Laws Gateway database, and this was supplemented with internet searches of tribal websites. The retrieved legal documents were then classified into 4 groups: prohibited, decriminalized, medically permitted, and recreationally permitted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in the marijuana possession laws of 185 tribes, ranging from strict prohibitions with varying penalties to decriminalization, medical legalization, and recreational legalization with diverse policy frameworks. Whereas some tribes had policies aligned with surrounding state laws, others maintained distinct policies that diverged from both state and federal regulations. Marijuana possession remained illegal in many tribes; 16 tribes decriminalized possession, 38 permitted only medical marijuana, and 78 legalized recreational marijuana<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This legal mapping of tribal approaches to marijuana possession provides a novel understanding of the topography and extent of tribal marijuana regulation. It highlights the intricate regulatory environment shaped by tribal sovereignty and state and federal factors. The observed variability shows the need for clear federal guidelines that respect tribal self-governance and support the development of culturally appropriate regulatory frameworks tailored to the unique needs of tribal communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepregnancy Stressful Life Events and Perinatal Mental Health Disorders From Pregnancy to 3 Years After Childbirth: An Observational Study","authors":"Songtao Wu BMed ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang BMed ,&nbsp;Hui Wang MMed ,&nbsp;Jiyue Dai BMed ,&nbsp;Weijie Ding MMed ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Zhu BMed ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Xu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The associations of prepregnancy stressful life events with perinatal mental health disorders at multiple time points are not fully understood. This study aims to assess the associations of prepregnancy stressful life events with occurrences of maternal mental health disorders from pregnancy to 3 years after childbirth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 1,994 women who had experienced childbirth from July 2020 to June 2021 in Huai’an, China, on the basis of the Grandmothers, Mothers, and Their Children’s Health study. Participants’ stressful life events 1 year before pregnancy included conflict with partners and family members; physical, sexual, or emotional abuse; deaths of friends or relatives; and financial stress. Maternal mental health disorders (including anxiety and depression) were determined during pregnancy and 1 year and 3 years after childbirth. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the associations, and the Shapley method was used to estimate the relative contributions of specific stressors. Data were collected during 2020–2023 and were analyzed during July 2024–February 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 602 (30.2%) participants experienced prepregnancy stressful life events; 494 (24.8%), 432 (21.7%), and 240 (12.0%) participants were screened for mental health disorders during pregnancy, 1 year after childbirth, and 3 years after childbirth, respectively. Prepregnancy stressful life events were associated with 2.20-fold (95% CI=1.90, 2.56), 2.07-fold (95% CI=1.76, 2.43), and 2.98-fold (95% CI=2.34, 3.79) increased risks of maternal mental health disorders during pregnancy, 1 year after childbirth, and 3 years after childbirth, respectively. The associations were more evident for comorbid anxiety and depression as well as for persistent maternal mental health disorders. Financial stress and family conflicts were primary contributors to perinatal maternal mental health disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prepregnancy stressful life events were associated with maternal mental health disorders from pregnancy to 3 years after childbirth. Financial stress and family conflicts were primary contributors to these associations. These findings highlight the importance of consistent mental health monitoring during pregnancy and during the years after childbirth, particularly among those who experience stressful life events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater Appeal and Greater Harm? Young Adults’ Preference for Menthol Versus Nonmenthol Very-Low-Nicotine Cigarettes in a Cross-Over Trial","authors":"Amy M. Cohn PhD ,&nbsp;Summer Frank-Pearce PhD ,&nbsp;Hoda Elmasry MPH ,&nbsp;Rachel L. Denlinger-Apte PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Ratnapriya Ghosh MHP ,&nbsp;Eric C. Donny PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea C. Villanti PhDMPH ,&nbsp;Dorothy K. Hatsukami PhD ,&nbsp;Delaney Dunn PhD ,&nbsp;Riley Wyatt MS ,&nbsp;Taylor G. Niznik BS ,&nbsp;Michael A. Smith MS, MPH ,&nbsp;Alexa Brown BS ,&nbsp;Clark Gilford JR, MPH ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Joslin BA ,&nbsp;Madelyne Wilson BA ,&nbsp;Sarah J. Ehlke PhD ,&nbsp;Rachel N. Cassidy PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration proposed rulemaking to reduce cigarette nicotine content and ban menthol in cigarettes. Menthol is popular among young adults who smoke, although it is unclear how this group would respond if both policies were implemented.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 112 young adults who smoke menthol cigarettes completed 3 visits that varied by cigarette smoked (2021–2024): usual brand menthol, menthol very-low-nicotine cigarette (0.3 mg nicotine/g tobacco), and nonmenthol very-low-nicotine cigarette. Very-low-nicotine cigarette flavor order was counterbalanced. Subjective response and smoking topography were assessed at each session as well as pre–post smoking measurements of expired carbon monoxide, cigarette weight, cardiovascular effects, nicotine withdrawal, and craving. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to examine differences in the outcomes across cigarette type.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Total smoking duration, interpuff interval, and puff count were higher for usual brand than for both very-low-nicotine cigarette smoking. Interpuff interval was higher in menthol very-low-nicotine cigarette smoking than nonmenthol. Usual brand was more appealing than both very-low-nicotine cigarettes and led to greater increases in carbon monoxide and cardiovascular effects and decreased postsmoking cigarette weight and craving compared with both very-low-nicotine cigarettes. Menthol very-low-nicotine cigarettes produced more positive subjective responses, higher carbon monoxide, and lower postsmoking cigarette weight and craving than nonmenthol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Participants preferred menthol over nonmenthol very-low-nicotine cigarettes, although very-low-nicotine cigarettes were less appealing than usual brand, overall. Despite similar topography across very-low-nicotine cigarette flavors, toxicant exposure and craving were greater and lower, respectively, after menthol than after nonmenthol very-low-nicotine cigarette smoking. Findings support the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s proposals to ban menthol cigarettes and institute market-wide reductions in cigarette nicotine content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 6","pages":"Article 108037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wisconsin policies shift handgun purchasing behavior 2000-2024.","authors":"C W Tomas, S Huang, K J Kallies, K M B Campbell, C A Kostelac, T A deRoon-Cassini","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Firearm policies can directly impact manufacturing, sales, and accessibility of weapons. In Wisconsin, there were 3 statewide policy changes since 2011 that may have impacted firearm access: 1) legalization of concealed carry weapons [CCW], 2) repeal of 48-hour waiting periods to purchase a handgun, and 3) the COVID-19 pandemic stay-at-home order. The current study examined the impact of these policies on handgun purchases in WI and the association with firearm deaths.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Background checks for handguns were examined using monthly counts (2000-2024) from the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. Firearm deaths were extracted from the Wisconsin Violent Death Reporting System (2004-2021). Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models were used to forecast background check levels from one policy period to the next. Annual firearm deaths were correlated with annual handgun background checks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant increase in observed handgun background checks compared to forecasted after each policy period (after CCW policy: mean increase = 204.3%, mean absolute percentage error, MAPE = 23.5; after 48-hour repeal: mean increase = 12.8%; MAPE = 20.27; after COVID-19 stay-at-home order: mean increase = 78.6%; MAPE = 43.20). Annual background checks were strongly correlated with annual firearm deaths (r = .887).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CCW policy had the strongest long-term relationship to the increase in handgun background checks. With each policy change, background check levels increased. Greater availability of firearms increases risk of firearm death and the strong association of firearm purchasing and firearm deaths warrants attention to relevant policies in Wisconsin.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Rated Health by Time Since Smoking Cessation","authors":"Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi BPharm, MSc ,&nbsp;Najim Z. Alshahrani MBBS, MPH, MD ,&nbsp;Isaac Olushola Ogunkola BSc ,&nbsp;Nafisat Dasola Jimoh BTech","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Although the physiologic benefits of quitting smoking are well established, less is known about how those who formerly smoked perceive these benefits over time. This study investigates the association between time since smoking cessation and self-rated health in a nationally representative sample and examines how predicted self-rated health varies by age, area-level deprivation, and education.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 waves of the Scottish Health Survey, yielding a sample of 5,701 adults aged ≥16 years who had formerly smoked. The primary outcome was self-rated health, grouped as very good/good, fair, or bad/very bad. The main exposure was time since quitting smoking, categorized as &lt;2 years, 2 to &lt;5 years, 5 to &lt;10 years, 10 to &lt;20 years, and ≥20 years. Generalized ordered logistic regression was used to estimate crude and AORs for self-rated health. Predictive margins were calculated to assess variation across sociodemographic subgroups. All analyses were conducted in 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Longer cessation duration was associated with significantly lower odds of reporting poorer self-rated health. Compared with those who had quit within the past 2 years, AORs were 0.81 (95% CI=0.62, 1.06; <em>p</em>=0.125) for those aged 2 to &lt;5 years, 0.75 (95% CI=0.58, 0.97; <em>p</em>=0.027) for those aged 5 to &lt;10 years, 0.63 (95% CI=0.49, 0.80; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) for those aged 10 to &lt;20 years, and 0.45 (95% CI=0.36, 0.58; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) for those aged ≥20 years. When modeled as a continuous ordinal variable, each additional cessation category was associated with lower odds of poorer self-rated health (AOR=0.82; 95% CI=0.78, 0.87; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Predicted probabilities of reporting good or very good health increased with time since quitting across all subgroups (<em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Among adults aged 45–64 years, probabilities rose from 59.7% (95% CI=53.6%, 65.9%) for those aged &lt;2 years to 72.2% (95% CI=69.4%, 74.9%) for those aged ≥20 years. Among those in the least deprived areas, the increase was from 64.4% (95% CI=54.0%, 74.8%) to 76.3% (95% CI=73.2%, 79.5%), and among individuals with higher education, it was from 65.7% (95% CI=58.1%, 73.4%) to 79.1% (95% CI=76.6%, 81.6%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Longer time since smoking cessation is associated with more favorable self-rated health, suggesting a graded, perceived benefit over time. However, these perceived subjective health gains are not evenly distributed because individuals in disadvantaged groups continue to report lower probabilities of good health even after long-term cessation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108040"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot RCT Exploring Heated Tobacco Product Substitution for Menthol Cigarettes","authors":"Augustus M. White PhD ,&nbsp;Rabia Imran BA ,&nbsp;Nicoleta Gaitan RN ,&nbsp;Warren K. Bickel PhD ,&nbsp;Robert A. Perera PhD ,&nbsp;Caroline O. Cobb PhD ,&nbsp;Thomas E. Eissenberg PhD ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Barnes PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Flavors are a key regulatory target for tobacco products, but little is known about how flavors influence the appeal of heated tobacco products, such as IQOS, for people who smoke. This study assessed differences in the substitution feasibility of menthol- and regular/tobacco-flavored IQOS for menthol cigarettes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This was an unblinded 2-week, parallel-group randomized pilot clinical trial.</div></div><div><h3>Setting/participants</h3><div>Thirty adults who smoked menthol cigarettes in Richmond, VA completed clinical laboratory sessions (Monday and Friday) and reported at-home tobacco consumption. Data were collected from November 2022 to September 2023 and analyzed from October 2023 to February 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><div>Participants were randomized to use IQOS 2.4 with fresh menthol (IQOS-M) or regular tobacco (IQOS-T) HeatSticks (1:1) during Week 2 of the study in the clinical laboratory and throughout the second week while they were at home.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Laboratory visits involved 10-puff directed use bouts with puff topography, plasma nicotine measurement, subjective effects questionnaires, and the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace task. The primary outcome was the cross-price elasticity of IQOS in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at the final clinical laboratory session. Electronic daily diaries measured tobacco consumption at home.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace, the average (SD) cross-price elasticity for IQOS was 0.67 (0.09) when IQOS-M and IQOS-T were available concurrently versus 0.14 (0.03) when only IQOS-T was available (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). At home, participants reduced their typical cigarette consumption by 80% when they had access to IQOS-M versus 37% with IQOS-T (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). Differences in puff topography and nicotine delivery across IQOS flavors were not significant (<em>p</em>&gt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Access to menthol-flavored heated tobacco products is an important determinant of potential substitution for people who smoke menthol cigarettes but may not be sufficient to promote complete substitution. Tobacco regulatory policies that restrict access to menthol-flavored heated tobacco products could promote complete tobacco cessation but may reduce attempts to substitute with heated tobacco products among people who smoke menthol cigarettes.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This trial was preregistered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05499377).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in Nicotine, Tobacco, and Cannabis Use Among U.S. Adolescents and Adults Aged 12–34 Years","authors":"Rebecca J. Evans-Polce PhD ,&nbsp;Jessica M. Mongilio PhD ,&nbsp;Sean Esteban McCabe PhD ,&nbsp;Phil T. Veliz PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis use continues to evolve in the U.S., with new forms of use (e.g., oral nicotine, cannabis edibles) emerging and increasing. It is critical to understand how these substances are being used and co-used. This study identified subgroups of adolescents and younger adults aged 12–34 years on the basis of nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis use using recent nationally representative data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Wave 7 (2022–2023) were used. Analyses focused on those aged 12–34 years who reported any past 30-day nicotine, tobacco, or cannabis use (<em>n</em>=8,722). Latent class analysis was conducted using 8 indicators: combustible tobacco use, nicotine vaping, oral nicotine product use, other noncombustible tobacco use (e.g., snus/chew), blunt use, cannabis smoking, cannabis vaping, and cannabis edibles. Differences were examined by sex, age, race, ethnicity, and region.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On average, individuals reported use of approximately 2 products in the past 30 days (mean=2.08). Six subgroups of nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis use were identified: combustible tobacco (30.77%), multimodal cannabis (26.72%), vaping nicotine (18.37%), multimodal co-use (13.87%), cannabis edibles (5.31%), and multimodal nicotine/tobacco (4.95%). Sociodemographic characteristics were associated with class membership.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is substantial heterogeneity in nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis use among U.S. adolescents and younger adults. Of particular concern is that most of the sample reported combustible use, including 3 subgroups that reported multiple modes of use. Continued surveillance of nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis use is needed, particularly as the products and their regulation continue to evolve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Health Markers With Remote Team-Based Hypertension Management in a Safety-Net Population","authors":"Ethan Chervonski MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Elan Pelegri MS ,&nbsp;Franzenith De La Calle MS, RD ,&nbsp;Soumik Mandal PhD ,&nbsp;Claire A. Graves MD ,&nbsp;Doreen Colella RN, MSN ,&nbsp;Arielle Elmaleh-Sachs MD, MS ,&nbsp;Jacalyn Nay RN, MHL, CCM ,&nbsp;Isaac Dapkins MD ,&nbsp;Antoinette Schoenthaler EdD, MA","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The impact of remote patient monitoring for hypertension on cardiovascular health remains ill defined. This study characterized the association between a remote patient monitoring, team-based hypertension intervention and cardiovascular health markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, single-arm cohort study included patients with uncontrolled hypertension enrolled from February 2022 to July 2024 in the ALTA trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03713515) at 5 safety-net practices. The ALTA intervention involves remote patient monitoring supported by a virtual clinic managed by a nurse practitioner, a registered nurse, and a community health worker. Demographics, ALTA utilization, and cardiovascular health markers (blood pressure, lipids, glycemic indicators, BMI, and smoking history) at baseline and 12 months were collected. The 5 cardiovascular health markers were scored (0=poor, 1=intermediate, 2=ideal) and summed into a cardiovascular health score. The primary endpoint was a change in the 12-month cardiovascular health score among patients with a baseline score of ≤7. Secondary endpoints included changes in individual non-blood pressure markers among patients with baseline derangements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 568 included patients (mean age: 56 years), most were female, non-Hispanic Black, and English-speaking individuals. Nurse practitioner visits were more common among females (<em>p</em>=0.04), with no other demographics predicting ALTA utilization. The cardiovascular health score improved from 4.5 to 5.2 (<em>n</em>=196, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), independent of ALTA utilization. Total cholesterol (<em>n</em>=86, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), low-density lipoprotein (<em>n</em>=128, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), and triglyceride levels (<em>n</em>=51, <em>p</em>=0.004) also improved. Hemoglobin A_1c (<em>n</em>=195) dropped among patients with ≥1 nurse practitioner visit (<em>p</em>=0.02). Fasting glucose (<em>n</em>=135) and BMI (<em>n</em>=289) decreased in the highest tertile of nurse practitioner visits (<em>p</em>=0.03) and remote patient monitoring (<em>p</em>=0.02), respectively. Finally, 4 of 27 patients quit smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Remote patient monitoring with team-based support was associated with cardiovascular health improvements. However, benefits may depend on the intervention’s utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and Use of MyPlate Among U.S. Adults: Evidence From Nationally Representative Data, 2024","authors":"Brandon J. Restrepo PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>USDA’s current nutrition guide—MyPlate—was introduced in 2011 to promote the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and make it easier for U.S. consumers to follow balanced eating habits. This study estimates the share of U.S. adults who report knowing about the MyPlate plan and trying to follow its recommendations, and identifies the consumer characteristics that predict use of the MyPlate plan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a nationally representative sample of 5,930 U.S. adults aged 18 and older from the 2024 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), an ordered probit regression model was estimated to predict MyPlate plan use. The 2024 HINTS data were publicly released in May 2025 and these public-use and de-identified data were analyzed in June 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2024, nearly 1 in 3 U.S. adults (32.5%; 95% CI=30.6%, 34.4%) reported knowing about the MyPlate plan. However, fewer than half of them translated this knowledge into practice, as only about 1 in 7 U.S. adults (14.8%; 95% CI=13.2%, 16.3%) reported knowing about and trying to follow MyPlate plan recommendations. The likelihood of trying to follow MyPlate guidance was significantly higher among young adults aged 18–24 years, women, households with children, English survey respondents, and metropolitan area residents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Approximately 15% of U.S. adults in 2024 reported that they knew about the MyPlate plan and tried to follow its recommendations. Age group, sex, number of children, survey language, and residential location influenced the likelihood of trying to follow MyPlate guidance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"69 5","pages":"Article 108018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}