Annals of Diagnostic Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Overdiagnosis of diffuse mesothelioma: A reminder that pathologists need to think outside the “immunohistochemistry diagnostic box”","authors":"Alberto M. Marchevsky","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139506398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different criteria for estimating major pathological response in resectable non-small cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy","authors":"Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Xinying Liu ,&nbsp;Chenglong Wang,&nbsp;Yumeng Jiang,&nbsp;Dongmei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Major pathological response (MPR) is proposed as a surrogate endpoint for survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. However, the criteria for estimating MPR differ between the recommendations of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) and the immune-related pathologic response criterion (irPRC). IASLC's criteria focus solely on evaluating the primary tumor, while irPRC's criteria encompass both the primary tumor and </span>lymph node metastasis. Our objective is to compare the prognostic value of different criteria for estimating MPR.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective study on a cohort of 235 patients with NSCLC after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. The survival endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). The MPR status of each patient was evaluated using both IASLC's criteria and irPRC's criteria. The prognostic value was compared using the Area Under Curve (AUC).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The MPR rates were 63.4 % (149/235) and 57.4 % (135/235) according to IASLC's and irPRC's criteria, respectively. Inconsistent cases, characterized by MPR status according to IASLC's criteria but non-MPR status according to irPRC's criteria, constituted 6.0 % (14/235) of the overall cohort and 15.2 % (14/92) of patients with pretreatment N positive disease. Interestingly, all inconsistent patients showed no recurrence during the study period. Although both MPR statuses according to IASLC (<em>p</em> = 0.00039) and irPRC (<em>p</em> = 0.0094) were associated with improved EFS, IASLC's criteria (AUC = 0.65) were superior to irPRC's criteria (AUC = 0.62) with a higher AUC value.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>IASLC's criteria for estimating MPR were superior to irPRC's criteria in predicting EFS for NSCLC after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139645316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental findings during donor liver assessment: Single center experience","authors":"Iván A. González,&nbsp;Omer Saeed,&nbsp;Mohamed Mustafa,&nbsp;Sheila E. Segura,&nbsp;Katrina Collins,&nbsp;Tieying Hou,&nbsp;Hector Mesa,&nbsp;Sun M. Lee,&nbsp;Dongwei Zhang,&nbsp;Jingmei Lin,&nbsp;Oscar W. Cummings","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Intraoperative consultation of donor liver is an important part of transplant evaluation and determination of liver eligibility. In this study, we describe incidental pathologic findings discovered during the pretransplant evaluation of liver donors in our Institution from 1/2010 to 12/2022. During this 13-year period 369 intraoperative consultations from 262 liver donors were performed. Of those cases, incidental findings were identified in 22 cases (5.9 %) from 19 donors (7.3 %); two donors had more than one lesion. The median age of this subset of patients was 53 years (range: 18–70) and females predominated (63 %). Sixteen of the donors had abnormal findings in the liver: 6 </span>bile duct hamartoma (BDH), 5 hyalinized nodule with </span><em>Histoplasma capsulatum</em><span>, 5 focal nodular hyperplasia<span><span> (FNH), 2 bile duct adenomas<span><span> (BDA), 1 biliary cyst and 1 hemangioma. One donor had both FNH and a BDH. One BDH and 1 BDA case was misdiagnosed as </span>malignancy<span> during the frozen section evaluation. Three donors had extrahepatic pathologies: a pancreatic tail schwannoma<span>, a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm, and a lymph node with metastatic endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Of the 19 livers, the final organ disposition was available for 9: 6 were transplanted (67 %) and 3 were discarded (33 %). Two of the 3 discarded organs were misdiagnosed BDH and BDA cases, and one was incorrectly reported as having 90 % microvesicular steatosis during the frozen assessment. We present the clinicopathologic characteristics of liver donors with incidental findings during the pre-transplant evaluation which could lead to unwarranted graft dismissal if misdiagnosed. Additionally, incidental </span></span></span></span>fungal infections<span> can have implications for immunosuppressive therapy and the decision to use or reject the graft.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139506556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression in bladder urothelial cancer with SP263, SP142 and 22C3 antibodies: A comparative study","authors":"Panagiotis Paliogiannis ,&nbsp;Renato Lobrano ,&nbsp;Michele Angelo Bella ,&nbsp;Antonella Fara ,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Uras ,&nbsp;Maria Antonia Pinna ,&nbsp;Alessandro Tedde ,&nbsp;Massimo Madonia ,&nbsp;Angelo Zinellu ,&nbsp;Antonio Cossu","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Programmed death ligand 1<span> (PD-L1) is currently the only biomarker used for the selection of patients with bladder<span><span> urothelial cancer<span> for immunotherapy. Several platforms, antibodies and scores are currently available for the evaluation of the expression of PD-L1 in </span></span>immunohistochemistry<span> (IHC). In this study three different antibodies (SP263, SP142 and 22C3) were compared to establish their performances and concordance rates. Twenty-four consecutive cases of surgically resected urothelial cancers of the bladder were enrolled. All cases were revised, and appropriate tumor areas were selected for IHC. Three commercially available PD-L1 antibodies were tested: 22C3 pharmDx with Dako Autostainer Link 48 (Dako, Carpinteria, Ca), and SP263 and SP142 with the Ventana BenchMark (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ) platform. All slides were evaluated by an expert pathologist and both the tumor proportion score (TPS) and the combined positive score (CPS) were determined and compared at two different cut-off levels (≥ 1 and ≥ 10). The SP263 and 22C3 clones produced more positive results with the CPS and TPS scores, respectively. The CPS score identified more positive cases than the TPS score, irrespectively of the clone or the cut-off used; the difference was statistically significant in both the SP263 and SP142 clones with the ≥1 cut-off. No statistically significant differences were found between the clones when the ≥1 cut-off was used, irrespectively of the score. At the contrary, a statistically significant difference (</span></span></span></span><em>p</em> = 0.024) and a trend to significance (<em>p</em> = 0.082) were respectively found for the TPS and CPS scores, when the SP22C3 and the SP142 clones were compared at a cut-off level of ≥10. The ICC test using CPS was 0.676 and 0.578 for the ≥1 and ≥ 10 cut-offs respectively, and 0.729 and 0.467 respectively for the same cut-offs using TPS. This suggests that the three antibodies under investigation cannot be used interchangeably, especially the 22C3 and SP142 clones which showed statistically significant difference when TPS was tested at a ≥ 10 cut-off.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139506650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of liquid-based cytology and cell blocks prepared from cell remnants for diagnosis of cervical pathology","authors":"Elif Kuzucular,&nbsp;Ferhat Ozden,&nbsp;Bahar Muezzinoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cervical cancer is a global public health<span> problem with high mortality. Advances in screening programs for cervical cancer are considered key to eliminate cervical cancer. We aimed to examine the contribution of cell block analysis to the detection of epithelial cell abnormalities in cervical smear samples.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 559 patients with suspected cervical pathology were examined, and their samples were analyzed by both liquid-based cytology (LBC) and cell blocks. The biopsy results of 149 out of the 559 patients were obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Of the 50 patients who were identified as HSIL by biopsy, only 12 were diagnosed as HSIL by the LBC method, 22 as LSIL, 12 as ASCUS, and 4 as ASC-H (</span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001). With the cell block analysis, results for these patients were: 20 HSIL, 17 LSIL, 7 NILM, 4 ‘unsatisfactory’, and 2 ASC cases (</span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001). LBC detected only 1 of the 10 patients with biopsy-diagnosed tumors, while 7 of these were defined as HSIL, 1 as ASCUS and 1 as AGC. The results of cell block analysis in patients with biopsy-diagnosed tumors were as follows: 7 HSIL, 1 tumor, 1 ASC and 1 LSIL.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cell block analysis might be superior to LBC in terms of diagnostic accuracy in cervical pathologies, particularly in the detection of HSIL. However, both methods were similarly poor in diagnosing tumors. Cell blocks may improve diagnostic accuracy and can be a complementary method to LBC, while having the advantage of revealing histological architecture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139463083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnoses in The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology categories V and VI: An institutional experience","authors":"Myunghee Kang ,&nbsp;Na Rae Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Yeon Seok","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The non-papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subgroups of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) categories V (Suspicious for malignancy) and VI (Malignant) are rare, and specific tumor typing is difficult. We aimed to analyze histologic outcomes and to investigate the points of caution.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We reviewed the electronic database and identified 12,215 cases of thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology between 2013 and 2022. In total, 2783 patients were diagnosed with TBSRTC V or VI. Of these, 51 patients with non-PTC diagnosis were identified. Histological outcomes were analyzed with the cytologic findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The subgroups of non-PTC diagnoses in TBSRTC category V or VI consisted of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) (13/51, 25.5 %), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (3/51, 5.9 %), lymphoma (2/51, 3.9 %), metastatic tumor (4/51, 7.8 %), and malignant, not otherwise specified (NOS) (29/51, 56.9 %). The concordance rate of the histological outcomes was 30 % (12/40), predominantly comprising MTC cases. The obscuring factors for specific tumor typing in the suspicious for malignancy/malignant NOS cytology diagnosis group was mixed pattern of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma and less differentiated carcinoma cells (9/24, 37.5 %), low cellularity (7/24, 29.2 %) and a history of non-thyroid organ malignancy (6/24, 25 %). The less differentiated carcinoma component in mixed pattern consisted of 2 poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas, 2 anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, 4 high-grade PTCs and 1 high-grade MTC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The high-grade feature of PTC or MTC cytology is a noteworthy obscuring factor in specific tumor typing of non-PTC cytology diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1092913423001612/pdfft?md5=a1eeb41112ceff59160c4bd234ac1313&pid=1-s2.0-S1092913423001612-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spectrum of cytological findings in patients with BCG lymphadenitis: A series of 13 cases","authors":"Viren L. Vaghasiya,&nbsp;Jitendra G. Nasit,&nbsp;Bhoomika Rupavatiya,&nbsp;Divya D. Bambhaniya,&nbsp;Riya Kaka","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><p>Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been used to prevent tuberculosis and/or its severe complications for long. BCG<span> lymphadenitis is a common complication of the vaccine, which is sometimes subjected to cytological examination.</span></p><p>The aim of the study is to describe the cytological findings of BCG lymphadenitis.</p></div><div><h3>Settings</h3><p>The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the western part of India from January 2021 to December 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>The study was performed on archived material of all patients who were referred to the fine needle aspiration<span> clinic for cytology examination. Clinical and pathological data of cases were retrieved, and cases of BCG lymphadenitis were selected in the study based on these data. Slides of cases were retrieved, and cytological findings were studied.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Papanicolaou, Giemsa, and Hematoxylin &amp; eosin-stained smears, as well as Ziehl-Neelson stain (Z.N. stain) smears of all BCG lymphadenitis cases, were retrieved. Cases were reviewed for individual cytological features and overall cytological diagnostic categories. Z.N. stain smears were evaluated for acid-fast bacilli.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>Diagnostic categories observed in BCG lymphadenitis include suppurative lymphadenitis/abscess (15 %), necrotizing lymphadenitis (23 %), necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis (46 %), suppurative granulomatous lymphadenitis (8 %), non-necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis (8 %). Acid-fast bacilli were detected by Z.N. stain in 8 cases (62 %).</p><p>The cytological findings of BCG lymphadenitis closely overlap with those of tuberculous lymphadenitis<span>. So, clinical context is very important while reporting isolated axillary lymphadenopathy, specifically in recently vaccinated infants, to avoid misdiagnosis as tuberculous lymphadenitis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of rapid on-site evaluation combined with flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of lung lesions","authors":"Shuang Yan ,&nbsp;Lei Pan ,&nbsp;Jian Chen ,&nbsp;Hua Jiang ,&nbsp;Li Gong ,&nbsp;Faguang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pathology is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of lung lesions<span>, but the pathological result is relatively lagging and cannot provide real-time guidance for the biopsy procedure.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the potential application of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) during flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in the evaluation and diagnosis of lung lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p><span><span>Consecutive patients who underwent FB for the diagnosis of lung lesions between August 2022 and February 2023 were included in this retrospective study. 294 patients underwent FB with ROSE, while 304 patients underwent FB without ROSE. The final pathological results and the number of patients undergoing repeat biopsies were recorded in both groups. Specifically, we conducted separate statistical analysis for patients undergoing different biopsy methods, including the endobronchial biopsy (EBB), radial probe endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial </span>lung biopsy with guide sheath (r-EBUS-GS-TBLB), and the endobronchial ultrasound-guided </span>transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) to study the detailed roles that ROSE plays under different biopsy methods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The adequacy rate of biopsy specimens from the non-ROSE group was significantly lower than that of the ROSE group (259/281 = 92.17 % vs. 263/268 = 98.13 %, p = 0.001). Meanwhile, fewer patients underwent repeat biopsies in the ROSE group compared to the non-ROSE group (2/294 = 0.68 % vs. 10/304 = 3.29 %, p = 0.023). For the ROSE group, the consistency between ROSE diagnoses and final pathological diagnoses was 94.40 % (κ = 0.886), with 95.58 % for benign diseases and 93.55 % for malignant diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The utility of ROSE during FB increases the adequacy rate of biopsy specimens and thus decreases the need for repeat biopsies in patients with lung lesions to get a definite diagnosis. Moreover, the high consistency between ROSE diagnoses and final pathological diagnoses suggests that ROSE is a reliable tool for optimizing the diagnosis of lung lesions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139054160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EphB3 protein is a potential ancillary diagnostic biomarker for thyroid cancers","authors":"Xinyue Gao ,&nbsp;Rusong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan He ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Bao ,&nbsp;Xiao Feng ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Chai ,&nbsp;Jiandong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the expression of ephrin<span> type B receptor 3 (EphB3) in thyroid<span> tumors and its usage as an ancillary diagnostic biomarker for thyroid tumors.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples (78 cases) and FNAC<span> samples (57 cases) were assessed with the EphB3 antibody using immunohistochemistry<span><span>. PTC and other thyroid follicular tumors were compared regarding their EphB3 expression. </span>Sanger sequencing was used to assess for the presence of a BRAF V600E mutation.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>EphB3 was positive in 81.8 % (27/33) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 83.3 % (5/6) of medullary thyroid carcinoma<span> (MTC), 25 % (1/4) of hyperplastic/adenomatoid nodule (HN), 14.3 % (1/7) of follicular adenoma (FA), and negative in follicular tumors of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP) (0/13), noninvasive follicular neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) (0/7), </span></span>thyroid follicular carcinoma<span> (TFC) (0/4), Hashimoto's thyroiditis<span> (0/4), and normal thyroid follicular tissues (0/33). In cellular blocks, EphB3 was positive in 87.1 % (20/23) of PTC, 75 % (3/4) of MTC, 20 % (2/10) of HN, and negative in atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) (0/20) and normal thyroid follicular cells (0/10).</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>EphB3 is expressed in the majority of PTC, but less so in benign follicular nodules. EphB3 expression in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) specimens can be used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate thyroid cancer from other follicular lesions in its differential diagnosis, especially AUS/FLUS and PTC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges to the effectiveness of next-generation sequencing in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples for non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Bruno da Silveira Corrêa ,&nbsp;Fernanda De-Paris ,&nbsp;Guilherme Danielski Viola ,&nbsp;Tiago Finger Andreis ,&nbsp;Clévia Rosset ,&nbsp;Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna ,&nbsp;Luis Fernando da Rosa Rivero ,&nbsp;Francine Hehn de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Patricia Ashton-Prolla ,&nbsp;Gabriel de Souza Macedo","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) specimens is routine in precision oncology practice. However, results are not always conclusive, and it is important to identify which factors may influence FFPE tumor sequencing success.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Here, we evaluated the influence of pre-analytical factors on 705 samples of non-small cell lung cancer specimens that underwent NGS testing. Factors such as tumor site, tumor cell percentage, fragment size, primary tumor or metastasis, presence of necrosis, DNA purity, DNA concentration, sample origin and year of testing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall NGS success rate was 84.9 % (<em>n</em> = 599). Bone site specimens had a very low success rate (42.1 %), differing from lung samples (79.8 %) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Samples with tumor percentages &lt;5 % (success rate of 44.4 %) represented 14.1 % of failed sequencings. Moreover, samples with tumor percentages &gt;10 %–20 % (82 %) did not differ from those with &gt;30 % (88.9 %) on sequencing outcomes (<em>P</em> = 0.086). Specimens that provided DNA concentrations &gt;2.0 ng/uL, 1.0–2.0 ng/uL, 0.5–1.0 ng/uL and &lt;0.5 ng/uL had success rates of 92 %, 77.1 %, 61.3 % and 20.4 %, respectively. Small fragments (≤0.2 cm²) had a success rate of 74.7 % and were more prevalent in the unsuccessful group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that tumor percentage, fragment size, decalcified bone specimens, and DNA concentration are potential modifiers of NGS success rates. Interestingly, specimens with tumor percentages between 10 % and 20 % have the same sequencing outcome than specimens with &gt;30 %. These results can strengthen the understanding of factors that lead to NGS success variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}