Annals of Diagnostic Pathology最新文献

{"title":"The diagnostic significance of immunohistochemical expression of SOX10 and TRPS1 in triple negative breast cancer","authors":"Shaimaa Abdelraouf Elgohary,&nbsp;Maissa Noureldin Elmaraghy,&nbsp;Ola Hassan Nada,&nbsp;Rola Mohamed Farid,&nbsp;Sara Elshaarawi,&nbsp;Bakinam Mohamed Ashoush,&nbsp;Thanaa Elsayed Helal","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) usually exhibits heterogeneous morphological features. The absence of a specific targeted marker for the breast origin of TNBC makes the diagnosis of metastatic TNBC challenging. TRPS1 is regarded as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer of various subtypes, including the basal type of TNBC. SOX10 has been recorded in to be highly expressed in TNBCs. Our cohort study aimed to: first, assess the diagnostic value of TRPS1 and SOX10 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression in TNBC; second, investigate if any of these two markers are related to the established pathological factors of prognostic significance. The study cohort comprised 84 TNBC cases subjected to TRPS1 and SOX10 IHC staining. TRPS1 expression was demonstrated in 86.9 % of the cases. It was expressed in 85.9 %, 83.3 %, and 100 % of invasive breast carcinoma-no special type (IBC-NST), metaplastic carcinomas, and IBC with medullary pattern, respectively. SOX10 expression was identified in 61.9 % of the cases. Most (85.7 %) of IBC with medullary pattern and 83.3 % of metaplastic carcinomas showed positive SOX10 expression. Evaluation of the combined expression of both markers revealed that 52.4 %, 34.5 %, 9.5 %, and 3.6 % of TNBC cases were SOX10+/TRPS1+, SOX10-/TRPS1+, SOX10+/TRPS1-, and SOX10-/TRPS1-, respectively. TRPS1 and SOX10 are fairly sensitive markers for the diagnosis of TNBC. Accordingly, they may be of help in the detection of metastatic TNBC. However, additional studies are required to evaluate these markers on non-breast tumor tissue to further investigate their specificity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry in differentiating malignant mesothelioma from reactive mesothelial proliferation","authors":"Döndü Nergiz ,&nbsp;Arsenal Sezgin Alikanoğlu ,&nbsp;Dinç Süren","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Although morphologic assessment carries utmost importance in differentiating malignant mesotheliomas (MM) from reactive mesothelial proliferations (RMP), sometimes it may fail to clearly differentiate between these two entities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential role of cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry in this differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Eighty cases (40 MM, 40 RMP) were examined. Nuclear staining of the mesothelial cells was evaluated after cyclin D1 immunostaining. Immunostaining was scored according to the percentage of immunopositive cells (0 %, 1–25 %; 26–50 %; 51–75 %; 76–100 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For MMs, 24/40 (60 %) cases demonstrated &gt;50 % staining, with 13/24 in the 51–75 %, 11/24 in the &gt;75 % range. RMPs generally showed no staining (27/40 cases) or 1–25 % staining (11/40 cases) with no cases showing &gt;50 % staining. There was a statistically significant difference between RMP and MM groups according to Cyclin D1 staining percentage (<em>p</em> = 0.001). When 50 % was set as the cut-off value for Cyclin D1 staining, cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry had 60 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity and 80 % accuracy in differential diagnosis between MM and RMP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the diagnosis of MM, immunostaining of &gt;50 % of the cells with cyclin D1 is a useful adjunct to morphologic assessment. Although cyclin D1 immunostaining showed high specificity when 50 % immunopositivity was set as a cut-off value in the differentiation between MM and RMP, its sensitivity and accuracy were relatively low. Validation of diagnostic utility of cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry based on the results of relevant prospective studies is necessary before its clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retroperitoneal schwannoma: A clinicopathological analysis of 14 cases","authors":"Shuting Li ,&nbsp;Zhenyong Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Lin ,&nbsp;Lifang Ye ,&nbsp;Xin Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retroperitoneal schwannomas (RSs) are rare benign neurogenic tumors with nonspecific imaging features and histological mimics, posing significant diagnostic challenges. To address this gap, we retrospectively analyzed 14 RS cases to delineate clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Cases were retrieved from the pathology database of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (2019–2024), with hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining performed for evaluation. Among 14 patients, the male/female ratio was 2:5 and the average age was 47.3 years (range, 28 to 71 years). Patients with RSs generally did not have specific symptoms, and they were usually found during routine medical examinations (9/14). All underwent total tumor resection, with a mean tumor size of 5.5 cm (range, 2.5 to 9.5 cm). Microscopically, typical schwannoma features were observed alongside degenerative changes, including cyst formation (6/14), hemorrhage (8/14), calcification (3/14), ossification (3/14), ossification with bone marrow elements (1/14), and degenerative nuclear atypia (5/14). Immunohistochemically, tumors were strongly positive for S-100 (12/12) and SOX10 (12/12), with focal EMA (1/3) and SMA (2/10) reactivity. Over a mean follow-up of 26.4 months (range, 2 to 68 months), 13 patients remained recurrence-free, while one experienced local recurrence after 43 months. Our findings highlight that RS diagnosis requires integrating clinical, radiological, morphological, and immunohistochemical analyses to distinguish these tumors from mimics. Despite their benign nature, long-term surveillance is advised due to the potential for recurrence. This study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing and managing RSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Comment on Mucinous Neoplasms Associated with Mature Cystic Teratomas: A Clinicopathologic Study of 50 Cases: Are We Ready for Nomenclature Change?","authors":"Vinita Parkash","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of storage temperature on nucleic acid quality in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples","authors":"Yoichiro Okubo ,&nbsp;Nagisa Toyama ,&nbsp;Rika Kasajima ,&nbsp;Haruya Saji ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ito ,&nbsp;Yui Kaburaki ,&nbsp;Chie Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Shu Yuguchi ,&nbsp;Emi Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Kota Washimi ,&nbsp;Shinya Sato ,&nbsp;Yukihiko Hiroshima ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Hayashi ,&nbsp;Yohei Miyagi ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Yokose","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples are widely used for genomic analyses in clinical and research settings. However, prolonged storage at room temperature may compromise nucleic acid quality, potentially affecting the reliability of molecular testing. In this study, we investigated the impact of various storage temperatures and repeated temperature changes on nucleic acid quality in FFPE samples. Four surgically resected tumor cases were analyzed. Following cold ischemia times of 29–60 min, tumor tissues were sampled upon arrival at the pathology department, divided into five equal parts, and fixed in 10 % neutral buffered formalin. The resulting FFPE blocks were stored at 18 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C, −80 °C, or − 150 °C. After storage, the blocks were returned to room temperature for sectioning and analysis. DNA and RNA quality were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months using DNA integrity number (DIN), short-to-long cycle threshold (S/L Ct) ratio, RNA integrity number (RIN), and DV200. Samples stored at 18 °C and 4 °C exhibited time-dependent deterioration in certain indicators, whereas those stored at −20 °C or below maintained stable nucleic acid quality. Despite multiple freeze-thaw cycles, no significant degradation was observed under colder conditions. Our findings suggest that −20 °C storage is a feasible and effective approach for preserving nucleic acid integrity in FFPE tissues. Although limited by a small sample size (<em>n</em> = 4), this study provides practical insights into tissue archiving strategies and supports selective implementation of refrigerated storage for long-term molecular analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the 2022 Paris System on diagnostic accuracy and estimating the risk of high-grade malignancy in urine cytology","authors":"Anju Khairwa,&nbsp;Preeti Diwaker","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2016, The Paris System 1.0 (TPS 1.0) was introduced to overcome the problem of lack of a standardized reporting system and leading to diagnostic dilemmas for treating physicians. Following this, TPS 2.0 was introduced in 2022 to deal with certain limitations of TPS 1.0. Objectives of study: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and risk of malignancy (ROM) with risk of high-grade malignancy (ROHM) of urinary tract by of TPS 2.0 with TPS 1.0 and conventional reporting (CR) of urine cytology. Data were collected retrospectively from 2016 to 2023 from the departmental archives. The cases were reviewed and categorized as per TPS 2.0, TPS 1.0 and CR. Of 875 urine samples studied, 168 urine samples of patients with histology correlation were analyzed. TPS 2.0 had a maximum sensitivity of 64.2 % in Group A, highest specificity of 95.5, positive predictive value of 96.4 % and negative predictive value of 37.5 % in group B comparison to TPS 1.0 and CR. TPS 2.0 has significantly high sensitivity, and maximum receiver operating curve (ROC) with area under the curve (AUC) score (0.695) compared to TPS 1.0 and CR. TPS 2.0 predicted ROM for AUC, SHGUC and HGUC categories 67.6 %, 92 % and 96.8 %, whereas ROHM 26.5 %, 46.2 %, and 98.8 %, respectively. CR and TPS 1.0 predicted ROHM (95.2 % and 81.5 %), respectively. Implementation of TPS 2.0 revealed highest diagnostic accuracy and ROC AUC score for urinary tract malignancy, compared to TPS 1.0 and CR. Our study results highlight the impact of TPS 2.0 in urine cytology reporting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD - L1 (SP263) expression correlates with pathological aggressive parameters in prostate cancer","authors":"Xiaopeng Zhuang ,&nbsp;Huiting Li ,&nbsp;Zhijie You ,&nbsp;Hui Cheng ,&nbsp;Guodong Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Haijian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Research on the expression of PD-L1 (clone SP263) in prostate cancer (PC) is rare. This study aims to investigate PD-L1 (SP263) expression and its clinicopathological correlations in PC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 265 PC samples at our center from 2021 to 2024 were included in this study. The clinical information and pathological data were collected. Whole-slide immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 (SP263), p53, ERG, PTEN, HER-2 and Ki67 was performed on PC samples, including core biopsies, radical prostatectomies, transurethral resections of the prostate and metastases. Next-generation sequencing was performed in 17 patients and the status of <em>TP53</em>, <em>BRCA1/2</em> were analyzed. Associations were assessed between PD-L1 status and clinicopathological parameters (age, preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen [PSA], surgical margin, Gleason Group [GG], TNM stage, Ki-67, p53/<em>TP53</em>, <em>BRCA1/2</em>, survival outcomes, etc.) using chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Kaplan-Meier analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PD-L1 positivity (10.2 %, 27/265) correlated with advanced age (<em>P</em> = 0.007), high GG (<em>P</em> = 0.019), T3/4 stage (<em>P</em> = 0.001), positive surgical margin (<em>P</em> = 0.004), aberrant p53/TP53 (<em>P</em> = 0.043), and elevated Ki-67 (<em>P</em> = 0.042). No associations were observed between these factors (serum PSA, N category, M category, PTEN, ERG, BRCA1/2, or survival outcomes) and PD - L1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The expression of PD-L1 (SP263) is positively associated with pathologically aggressive parameters in PC. This finding implies the potential value of PD-L1 as a biomarker for risk stratification. Moreover, it indicates the possibility of using PD-L1 (SP263) and p53 expression to guide the combinational application of mutated p53 inhibitors and PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in PC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 152481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological and prognostic variability of ampullary tumors: A comprehensive study on tumor location, histological subtypes, and survival outcomes","authors":"Dilara Ozyigit Buyuktalanci ,&nbsp;Eylul Gun ,&nbsp;Osman Nuri Dilek ,&nbsp;Fatma Husniye Dilek","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ampullary tumors present diagnostic challenges due to the complex anatomical and histological structure of the ampullary region. They can be classified into four types based on location: Periampullary-duodenal, intra-ampullary, ampullary-ductal, and ampullary-NOS (not otherwise specified). Periampullary-duodenal tumors are exophytic, ulcerovegetative, and often intestinal-type adenocarcinomas with frequent lymph node metastasis. Intra-ampullary tumors are polypoid and confined to the ampullary canal. Ampullary-ductal tumors exhibit sclerotic thickening in the bile or pancreatic duct and are typically pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinomas. Ampullary-NOS includes tumors that do not fit other classifications. This study aimed to classify ampullary tumors by their anatomical localization, compare histopathological features, and assess the prognostic outcomes for each group. A total of 111 ampullary tumors were selected from 229 pancreaticoduodenectomy specimens over 10 years at our hospital. Clinical, imaging, and macroscopic findings were re-evaluated microscopically. Tumors were classified into four anatomical groups, and their histopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. The cohort had a mean age of 62 ± 10.49 years, with 69 (62.2 %) males and 42 (37.8 %) females. The median survival was 28.23 months. Tumor distribution was as follows: 14.4 % intra-ampullary, 25.2 % ampullary-ductal, 10.8 % periampullary-duodenal, and 49.5 % not otherwise specified (NOS). Pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinoma (p = 0.003), perineural invasion (p &lt; 0.0001), and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.002) were significantly more frequent in the ampullary-ductal and NOS groups, which were associated with poorer overall survival (p = 0.011). In addition, lymphovascular invasion and surgical margin positivity were identified as independent prognostic markers. Classifying ampullary tumors based on anatomical location is crucial due to significant histopathological and prognostic differences between the groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 152476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of an in situ hybridization method for fungal diagnosis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded allergic fungal rhinosinusitis tissue","authors":"Donglin Ma ,&nbsp;Jing Ding ,&nbsp;Luo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingshi Piao","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sinuses that can involve serious late complications; thus, prompt diagnosis is essential to determine the appropriate treatment. The most important diagnostic element of AFRS is the detection of noninvasive fungi within eosinophilic mucin. However, the rarity of fungal hyphae in ARFS makes it difficult to specifically identify them using histochemical staining alone. In this study, we designed a new <em>in situ</em> fungal detection probe for the diagnosis of fungi in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded AFRS tissues. Tissue sections from 49 patients with confirmed (<em>n</em> = 40) or suspected (<em>n</em> = 9) AFRS were selected for testing. A newly designed broad-spectrum probe for <em>in situ</em> hybridization (ISH) was compared with an anti-<em>Aspergillus</em> antibody in immunohistochemistry (IHC) and staining with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) to detect fungi. Hematoxylin and eosin staining had a lower detection rate (30/40 samples) than the other three methods. PAS staining led to two false-positive results in the AFRS-confirmed group and two false-negative results in the AFRS-suspected group. ISH and IHC exhibited high concordance (ĸ = 0.716); however, there was a high degree of nonspecific immunoreactivity to the anti-<em>Aspergillus</em> polyclonal antibody in some samples. The fungal detection rate of ISH was 95 % (38/40), with no background or nonspecific reactivity. Our novel broad-spectrum ISH probe provides more specific identification of fungi than PAS and IHC staining, exhibits no background reactivity, and may represent an essential upgrade to the <em>in situ</em> diagnosis of AFRS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 152474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomorphological changes in thyroid nodules induced by radiofrequency ablation therapy: Emphasis on recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma","authors":"Uiju Cho ,&nbsp;So Lyung Jung ,&nbsp;Chan Kwon Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2025.152479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy is a minimally invasive treatment option for benign thyroid nodules and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study investigated the cytomorphological changes induced by RFA in thyroid nodules. The study included patients who received RFA for benign thyroid nodules (<em>n</em> = 6) or recurrent PTC (<em>n</em> = 14), in the thyroid bed or lymph nodes following thyroidectomy. Patients underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or core needle biopsy (CNB) to evaluate therapeutic responses. Most benign thyroid nodules showed acellular or hypocellular cellularity and coagulative necrosis. Thermal artifacts, fibrosis, and foreign body reactions were also noted. All cases were successfully treated, showing reduced nodule size with no recurrence during follow-up. In patients with recurrent PTC, post-RFA biopsies diagnosed 12 out of 14 samples as PTC, with most displaying degenerated tumor cells. Cytomorphological changes included acellular necrosis, nuclear pyknosis, or karyorrhexis. The second biopsy group showed lower cellularity, fewer degenerated cells, and fewer viable PTC cells than the first biopsy group. Two patients with persistent viable PTC cells after repeated RFA underwent surgical treatment. FNA and CNB effectively evaluate the response to RFA and detect residual tumors. Acellular specimens, total necrosis, and severely degenerated tumor cells indicate successful RFA, while viable cells with preserved PTC features suggest incomplete treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50768,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Diagnostic Pathology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 152479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}