Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial diversity in ferruginous duricrust (canga) and the physicochemical variables affecting their prevalence, distribution and predicted metabolic pathways","authors":"Viviane Faria Morais Jotta,&nbsp;Carla Alessandra Silva,&nbsp;Glen Jasper Yupanqui García,&nbsp;Andrea Rodrigues Marques,&nbsp;Andria dos Santos Freitas,&nbsp;Aristóteles Góes-Neto,&nbsp;Fernanda Badotti","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02315-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02315-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ferruginous duricrust (<i>canga</i>) in the Iron Quadrangle (IQ), Minas Gerais, Brazil, occurs within the <i>Campo Rupestre</i> and presents remarkable levels of endemism and species richness. Despite the recognized importance of microorganisms for the maintenance of this ecosystem, current molecular-based studies reveal that both the taxonomic composition and the ecological functions of the <i>canga</i> microbiome are undiscovered. In this study, eighteen samples of <i>canga</i> were collected from the Serra da Piedade State Natural Monument, and their taxonomic diversity was investigated using 16S rRNA metabarcoding. Additionally, the influence of physicochemical variables on microbial diversity and community structure was estimated using statistical tools. Most of the 856,667 reads clustered into ASVs corresponded to Bacteria (99.7%), and the most abundant of the 184 identified genera were <i>Conexibacter</i>, <i>Acidothermus</i> and <i>Bryobacter</i>. Microbial diversity was explained by a combination of physicochemical variables, such as organic matter (OM), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al) and pH, whereas microbial community structure was influenced by the concentrations of Fe, Al and the cation exchange capacity (CEC). Functional prediction analysis based on the main genera identified in the samples indicated that the denitrification pathway may play an important role in the ecosystem. The investigation of the genera and their metabolic pathways based on the literature revealed that they are unexplored and emphasized the biodiversity hotspot yet to be explored in ferruginous duricrust. Therefore, our results reinforce the importance of further studies in this environment, both for future biotechnological applications and for appropriate management and preservation actions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10482-026-02315-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila: driving the multiple sclerosis-a systematic review","authors":"Somayeh Ahmadi,&nbsp;Farzaneh Rafie Sedaghat,&nbsp;Yalda Mohammadzadeh Asl,&nbsp;Aytak Khabbaz,&nbsp;Naeimeh Hosseinzadeh,&nbsp;Vahdat Poortahmasbe,&nbsp;Roqaiyeh Hasani,&nbsp;Samaneh Hosseini,&nbsp;Mohammad Yazdchi,&nbsp;Elham Mehdizadehfar,&nbsp;Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr,&nbsp;Amirreza Naseri,&nbsp;Alka Hasani","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02304-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02304-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gut microbiota (GM) is a complex microbial ecosystem, and its alteration contributes to the development of several diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). Progressive research concerning neurodegenerative diseases and GM reveals that GM dysbiosis has been linked to fostering the development and progression of MS. Among existing bacteria, <i>F.prausnitzii</i> and <i>A.muciniphila</i> are key species implicated in this disease. Thus, the present study systematically reviewed and synthesized the research on the involvement of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and <i>A. muciniphila</i> in MS patients versus healthy individuals. We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for relevant published articles from January 2010 till January 2023. Out of 400 articles, 16 met the required criteria. The included research investigations originated from the US, Germany, Norway, Egypt, Iran, Brazil, China, the UK, and Romania. Most publications reported decreased levels of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and increased levels of <i>A. muciniphila</i> in MS patients compared to controls. This review underscored the importance of the <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and <i>A. muciniphila</i> in MS, which could explain the chronic inflammation that characterizes this disease and not only help in understanding its etiology and progression but also open new avenues for the treatment strategies focusing on gut health. Moreover, understanding the role of <i>F. prausnitzii</i> and <i>A. muciniphila</i> could lead to novel biomarkers for early detection and progression monitoring MS.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and antimicrobial products of culturable coral-associated actinomycetes in Hainan","authors":"Caolong Zhang,&nbsp;FenFa Li,&nbsp;Yongrui Lin,&nbsp;Xiaolong Huang,&nbsp;Shuangqing Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02311-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02311-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Actinomycetes are a group of microorganisms with significant biological and applied value, widely distributed in natural environments, particularly in ecosystems such as soil, plant rhizosphere, and aquatic sediments. Due to their complex genomes and metabolic pathways, actinomycetes play a crucial role in drug development. Seventy-seven coral-associated actinomycetes were obtained from five different corals collected from the coast of Wenchang, Hainan (China) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that they belonged to eight genera. Among them, <i>Streptomyces</i> and <i>Micromonospora</i> were the dominant genera, accounting for 32.47% and 29.87% of the total isolates, respectively. Antimicrobial screening revealed that approximately 10% of the actinomycete isolates exhibited antibacterial activity. <i>Salinispora</i> sp. HNM0925 and <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. HNM0560 exhibited antagonistic effects against various pathogens (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, MRSA). The active compounds responsible for the antibacterial activity of strains HNM0925 and HNM0560 in their fermentation broths were identified as rifamycin S and actinomycin D, respectively. Both compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) lower than those of commonly used antibiotics, including ampicillin, norfloxacin, tobramycin, and linezolid, indicating superior antibacterial efficacy compared with these standard antibiotics. The results of this study demonstrate the diversity and antibacterial potential of culturable coral-associated actinomycetes from the coastal region of Wenchang, highlighting their value as a source of candidate strains for antimicrobial drug discovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10482-026-02311-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequence analysis of Methylorubrum thiocyanatum VRI7-A4: a versatile sulfur-oxidizing bacterium with environmental stress resilience","authors":"Errakutty Arunan Yuvasri,&nbsp;Ramasamy Krishamoorthy,&nbsp;Manikandan Ariyan,&nbsp;Suganya Kathirvel,&nbsp;Dananjeyan Balachandar,&nbsp;Gajendiran Manimaran,&nbsp;Murugaiyan Senthilkumar,&nbsp;Rangasamy Anandham","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02309-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02309-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whole-genome sequencing and analysis of <i>Methylorubrum thiocyanatum</i> VRI7-A4, a plant-associated methylotroph, revealed key genomic features underlying its ecological adaptability, sulfur oxidation and plant growth-promoting potential. VRI7-A4 exhibited the mixotrophic growth with oxidation of thiosulfate to sulfate in the presence of methanol or succinate and exhibited elevated rhodanese (334.20 nmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹) and sulfite oxidase (34.60 nmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹) activities. The genome was sequenced using Illumina platform and assembled into 26 high-quality contigs, totalling 5.34 Mb with a GC content of 69.53%. RASTtk annotation revealed 5152 protein-coding genes and 46 tRNAs, with 68% of genes functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analyses placed VRI7-A4 within the <i>Methylobacteriaceae</i> family, closely related to <i>M</i>. <i>populi</i> and <i>M</i>. <i>thiocyanatum</i> JCM 10893^T. Comparative genomics revealed both conserved core regions and structural rearrangements, indicative of niche-specific adaptations. Functionally, the genome encodes 1893 genes involved in diverse metabolic pathways, including amino acid biosynthesis, energy metabolism, and membrane transport. KEGG and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses highlighted genes linked to nitrogen and phosphate metabolism, abiotic stress tolerance, and plant hormone biosynthesis, specifically indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins, and ACC deaminase. Notably, genes implicated in sulfur metabolism, including sulfite oxidase and rhodanese, were identified, indicating a possible function in the sulfur cycle. Core enzymes essential for methylotrophic metabolism and C1 carbon utilization such as methanol dehydrogenase and crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase were identified. Additional genes associated with stress resilience (heat, salinity, and oxidative stress), rhizosphere and phyllosphere competence (flagellar biosynthesis, chemotaxis, and secretion systems) were present. Phenotypic assays confirmed that VRI7-A4 tolerates up to 8% NaCl and 20% PEG-induced osmotic stress also observed. Overall, the genome of <i>M</i>. <i>thiocyanatum</i> VRI7-A4 reflects a highly adaptable and functionally diverse bacterium, well-suited for beneficial plant–microbe interactions. These traits position it as a strong candidate for bioinoculant development in salt- and drought-stressed also sulfur deficient agroecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-based reclassification of Chromohalobacter japonicus Sánchez-Porro et al. 2007 as a later heterotypic synonym of Chromohalobacter beijerinckii Peçonek et al. 2006","authors":"Preeti Yadav,&nbsp; Pooja,&nbsp;Abhilash Kumar,&nbsp;Princy Hira,&nbsp;Gauri Garg,&nbsp;Charu Dogra Rawat,&nbsp;Rup Lal,&nbsp;Utkarsh Sood","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02313-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02313-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, whole-genome analyses were employed to resolve the taxonomic status of two closely related <i>Chromohalobacter</i> species. Among the eight type strains with publicly available data, <i>C. beijerinckii</i> Peçonek et al. (Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1953–1957, 2006) and <i>C</i>. <i>japonicus</i> Sánchez-Porro et al. (Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2262–2266, 2007) repeatedly converged as a single evolutionary unit. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of <i>C. beijerinckii</i> ATCC 19372^T and <i>C. japonicus</i> 43^T possess 99.26% sequence similarity. Furthermore, whole-genome sequence comparisons showed that <i>C. beijerinckii</i> DSM 7218^T and <i>C. japonicus</i> CECT 7219^T shared 96.82% BLAST-based average nucleotide identity (ANIb), 97.69% average amino acid identity (AAI) and 73.1% digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values. Although originally described as distinct taxa, these results exceed the criteria for species-level differentiation, confirming that both strains belong to the same species. Phylogenomic reconstruction of core genes further highlighted their placement in one robust clade. Overall, the combined analyses support the conclusion that <i>C. japonicus</i> Sánchez-Porro et al. (Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2262–2266, 2007) is a later heterotypic synonym of <i>C. beijerinckii</i> Peçonek et al. (Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1953–1957, 2006).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weissella: A multifaceted genus making the way for next-gen biotherapeutics?","authors":"Mithil Bochgire,&nbsp;Samradni Pingale,&nbsp;Ruchika Kaul-Ghanekar,&nbsp;Kalpana Angadi,&nbsp;Ashwini Jadhav","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02307-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02307-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The quest for the next-generation probiotics has highlighted non-conventional lactic acid bacteria in recent decades, and among these, <i>Weissella</i> has been a genus exhibiting multifaceted health-benefiting characteristics. <i>Weissella</i> spp., such as <i>Weissella cibaria</i>, <i>Weissella confusa</i>, and <i>Weissella koreensis</i>, are traditionally found in fermented foods and other ecological niches, having encouraging probiotic properties such as robust survivability under gastrointestinal conditions and capability to modulate host health. This review focuses on various health-beneficial properties of <i>Weissella</i> strains, including their antimicrobial activities, chiefly through the production of organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins, such as weissellicin, which suppress growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Several studies have reported the anticancer properties of <i>Weissella</i>, where certain strains are known to induce apoptosis among cancer cell lines and exhibit anti-proliferative properties. Further, <i>Weissella</i> spp. secrete antioxidant compounds that can scavenge free radicals and inhibit oxidative stress, a crucial causal factor in chronic conditions. <i>Weissella</i> also exhibits hypocholesterolemic activity through the assimilation of cholesterol, resulting in the reduction of serum cholesterol, thus showing its application in cardiovascular health management as well. Looking forward, the development of <i>Weissella</i>-based biotherapeutic formulations offer exciting opportunities in preventive and therapeutic strategies for managing infections, metabolic disorders, inflammation, and cancer. Despite these promising attributes of <i>Weissella</i> genus, there are some safety concerns related to certain strains, which need to be carefully assessed before clinical usage. Furthermore, in vivo and clinical studies are warranted in future to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for establishing complete regulatory approval.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13079489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological plasticity of endophytic Chitinophaga pinensis","authors":"Janine Liedtke,&nbsp;Frans Rodenburg,&nbsp;Chao Du,&nbsp;Le Zhang,&nbsp;Jos M. Raaijmakers,&nbsp;Gilles P. van Wezel,&nbsp;Ariane Briegel","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02300-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02300-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental changes, whether due to climate change or human influences, compromise the resilience of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses, such as pathogens, drought and heat. Plant microbiota are known to promote plant resilience. To be able to harness the power of the plant microbiome we need to identify microbiota with health-promoting properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that the bacterium <i>Chitinophaga pinensis</i> enhances plant health and increases resistance to fungal infections. Here, we show that <i>C. pinensis</i> exhibits an unusually high morphological plasticity, switching between a filamentous and a spherical cell state, each of which is characterized by a distinct transcriptional profile. Despite these transcriptional differences, spherical cells remained metabolically active and replicating, while lacking structural characteristics typically associated with dormant states. Furthermore, the spherical cell morphology of <i>C. pinensis</i> facilitates hitchhiking behaviour and motility via surfactin cheating, potentially influencing its dispersal and interactions within the plant microbiome. To investigate the structural dynamics and transcriptional adaptation of this plant endophyte, we applied a combination of microscopy and culture-based techniques. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the morphological flexibility and transcriptional regulation of the plant-beneficial <i>C. pinensis</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10482-026-02300-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological control of a novel strain Bacillus velezensis BFWR11 against tomato early blight","authors":"Yuxin Han,&nbsp;Wenhui Zheng,&nbsp;Yanan Mu,&nbsp;Tianjia Feng,&nbsp;Yi Hao,&nbsp;Wenchao Song,&nbsp;Jin Cai,&nbsp;Boting Zhan,&nbsp;Zhaoyu Zhang,&nbsp;Bianfang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02308-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02308-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a globally important vegetable crop, tomato suffers significant yield losses due to early blight, a fungal disease caused by <i>Alternaria solani</i>. This study investigated the antifungal activity and plant growth-promoting effects of a novel strain, <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> BFWR11. Genomic analysis identified gene clusters responsible for synthesizing metabolites, including lipopeptides and cell wall-degrading enzymes. Among these were clusters for ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), a class known for their potent antibacterial properties. Additionally, some key compounds responsible for synthesizing surface activators, flagellin, and other compounds with antifungal properties were identified by LC–MS analysis. The strain also produces plant growth-promoting substances, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). A plate confrontation experiment confirmed that the <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> BFWR11 significantly inhibits the growth of mold hyphae, including <i>Alternaria solani, Cercospora sorghi, Rhizoctonia solani, Monilinia fructicola</i> and <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>. Tomato potting experiment revealed that <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> BFWR11 promoted the growth of shoots, roots, and biomass accumulation, enhanced plant stress tolerance and endogenous disease resistance. These findings highlight the potential of <i>B. velezensis</i> BFWR11 as a highly effective biocontrol agent and plant growth promoter in tomato cultivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kamagatella elastica gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium representing the family Kamagatellaceae fam. nov. within the order Tissierellales, isolated from a xenic culture of an anaerobic bacterivorous protist","authors":"Ryuji Kondo,&nbsp;Takafumi Kataoka","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02305-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02305-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel bacterium, strain SANA^T, was isolated from a xenic culture of a bacterivorous protist which was obtained from the sulphidogenic bottom sediment of saline Lake Hiruga in Fukui, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain SANA^T clustered with members of the family <i>Gottschalkiaceae</i>. The closest relative of the strain SANA^T was <i>Andreesenia angusta</i> MK-1^T with 16S rRNA gene sequence identity of 91.75%, suggesting that SANA^T is a novel genus. Values of digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (&lt; 29.7%) and average nucleotide identity (&lt; 67.6%) between strain SANA^T and species in the families <i>Gottschalkiaceae</i> and <i>Tissierellaceae</i> were lower than threshold for species delineation. Cells were strictly anaerobic, non-motile rods and gave a negative Gram-stain reaction. Cells first elongated, and then the elongated cells were divided in the presence of either serum components, glucose, fructose or maltose but not uric acid. Na⁺ was required to grow SANA^T. Growth was observed at pH 6.0–9.0 and at temperature between 10 and 25 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were C_16:1 <i>cis</i> 9, C_14:0, C_16:0, C_16:0 DMA and summed feature 6 (C_16:1 <i>cis</i> 7 DMA or anteiso-C_15:0 3-OH). The genomic G + C content of strain SANA^T was 42.1%. Based on the genetic and phenotypic features, strain SANA^T represents a novel species of a novel genus within the novel family <i>Kamagatellaceae</i> fam. nov., for which the name <i>Kamagatella elastica</i> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain SANA^T (= DSM 120061^T = JCM 39611^T).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and immunoinformatics-based design of a multi-epitope vaccine against Staphylococcus nepalensis","authors":"Muhammad Asim,&nbsp;Hotaf Hassan Makki","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02303-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02303-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Staphylococcus nepalensis</i> has recently been identified in clinical settings, raising questions regarding its potential role as an emerging opportunistic pathogen. However, no vaccine-based preventive strategy has yet been proposed against this bacterium. The objective of this study was to characterize a clinical isolate using PCR-based molecular identification and to design a rational multi-epitope vaccine candidate against <i>S. nepalensis</i> through an integrated immunoinformatics-driven reverse vaccinology approach. Species-level identification was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Antigenic proteins lacking predicted allergenic or toxic properties were selected for epitope mapping. Predicted linear B-cell, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, and helper T lymphocyte epitopes were further evaluated for sequence conservancy across available strains to ensure broad-spectrum coverage. Conserved epitopes were assembled into a single construct incorporating β-defensin and a PADRE sequence to enhance immunogenic potential. Structural modeling and validation suggested acceptable stereochemical quality, with 94.8% of residues located in favored regions of the Ramachandran plot. Disulfide engineering was performed to improve structural stability of the vaccine construct. Protein–protein docking computationally predicted favorable binding interactions between the vaccine construct and human TLR2 and TLR4 receptors, with ClusPro docking scores of −1489.2 and −1198.1, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested dynamic stability of the complexes over a 100 ns trajectory. Immune simulation analyses indicated the potential activation of both humoral and cellular immune responses, including antibody production and cytokine secretion. Codon optimization and in silico cloning suggested possible expression feasibility in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Collectively, this study presents a computational framework for multi-epitope vaccine design against <i>S. nepalensis</i>, and the findings require experimental validation to confirm biological efficacy and immunogenicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}