Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Biotechnological application of Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles for the delivery of Myristica fragrans phytochemicals in pancreatic cancer therapy","authors":"Ozgur Celebi,&nbsp;Sumeyye Baser,&nbsp;Betul Ari,&nbsp;Demet Celebi,&nbsp;Bulent Dabanlioglu,&nbsp;Sidika Genc,&nbsp;Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02325-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02325-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are emerging as natural nanocarriers for cancer therapy due to their ability to deliver bioactive molecules and to penetrate the tumor microenvironment. This study investigated the combined effects of <i>Escherichia coli</i>-derived OMVs and <i>Myristica fragrans</i> extract on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. OMVs (50 µg/mL) and <i>M. fragrans</i> extract (IC₅₀: 25 µg/mL) significantly reduced PANC-1 cell viability and increased LDH release after 24 h of treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The combination treatment induced oxidative stress, evidenced by increased total oxidant status and decreased antioxidant capacity. Molecular analysis showed upregulation of PTEN expression, reduced phosphorylated AKT levels, and an increased IL-1β/IL-10 ratio. These changes elevated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activated caspase-3, indicating induction of apoptosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Our findings suggest that OMVs can effectively deliver <i>M. fragrans</i> phytochemicals to cancer cells, modulating oxidative balance and triggering apoptosis through the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. This study provides preclinical evidence that combinations of microbial vesicles and plant extracts may enhance therapeutic efficacy against PDAC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palo Santo (Bursera graveolens) essential oil nanoemulsion: toxicological, antinociceptive and antimicrobial potential against bovine mastitis–associated strains","authors":"Amanda Marques Figueiredo,&nbsp;Sabrina Valadão Vilela dos Reis,&nbsp;Alex Alves Rodrigues,&nbsp;Jhuan Luiz Silva,&nbsp;Isabelly Moreira Colombo,&nbsp;Leandra Maria Diniz Batista Leite,&nbsp;João Victor Baldin Neder,&nbsp;Isabela Cristina Gomes Honório,&nbsp;Silvio Almeida-Junior","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02322-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02322-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine mastitis is one of the major challenges in dairy production, causing significant economic losses and emphasizing the need for alternatives to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Palo Santo (<i>Bursera graveolens</i>) essential oil (BEO) presents recognized biological properties that can be enhanced through nanoengineered delivery systems. This study aimed to chemically characterize the BEO of <i>B. graveolens</i>, develop a nanoemulsion containing the essential oil (BEO-NE), and evaluate its toxicological, antinociceptive, and antimicrobial activities against bovine mastitis–associated pathogens. The chemical composition of the BEO was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), identifying D-limonene (38.70%) as the major constituent. The BEO-NE was formulated using avocado oil as the oil phase and sodium alginate as a stabilizing agent. Toxicological and antinociceptive effects were assessed through in vivo assays, including acute toxicity, acetic acid–induced writhing, and the formalin test. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration assays against <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>Corynebacterium bovis</i>, <i>Streptococcus uberis</i>, and <i>Prototheca bovis</i>. The BEO-NE showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, including MRSA isolates, while exhibiting lower efficacy against <i>C. bovis</i> and <i>S. uberis</i> compared with the free BEO, indicating pathogen-dependent selectivity. The formulation demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with no evidence of hepatotoxicity or behavioral alterations. The BEO also exhibited significant antinociceptive activity, mainly in the neurogenic phase of the formalin test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the BEO-NE represents a promising strategy for controlling <i>S. aureus</i>, the main etiological agent of bovine mastitis, combining selective antimicrobial and antinociceptive effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10482-026-02322-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maridesulfovibrio caeruleilacunae sp. nov. and Maridesulfovibrio oucae sp. nov., two sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from Yongle Blue Hole of the South China Sea","authors":"Wei Dai,&nbsp;Yifan Zhuang,&nbsp;Wen Sun,&nbsp;Tianyu Fu,&nbsp;Chao Jia,&nbsp;Liang Fu,&nbsp;Peng Yao,&nbsp;Zuosheng Yang,&nbsp;Shun Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaochong Shi,&nbsp;Xiao-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02314-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02314-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two novel anaerobic bacterial strains, designated JC010^T and JC022^T, were isolated from seawater samples collected in the Yongle Blue Hole, South China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed both strains within a distinct clade of the genus <i>Maridesulfovibrio</i>. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the sequence similarity between the two isolates was 98.42%, while their similarities to all validly published <i>Maridesulfovibrio</i> species were below the 98.65% species threshold (JC010^T: &lt; 97.9%; JC022^T: &lt; 97.36%). Cells of both strains were Gram-stain-negative, motile vibrios with polar flagella, and exhibited obligately anaerobic metabolism. Strain-specific growth parameters were characterized: JC010^T proliferated at 4–37 °C (optimum 28 °C), pH 4.0–9.0 (optimum 7.0) and in the presence of 1.0–5.5% NaCl (optimum 4.0%), whereas JC022^T demonstrated a narrower temperature range (10–37 °C; optimum 28 ℃), similar pH tolerance (4.0–8.0; optimum 7.0), and a distinct salinity preference (2.5–6.0% NaCl; optimum 3.0%). Chemotaxonomic analyses revealed that while the two strains exhibited several common characteristics, including menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the predominant respiratory quinone, and major fatty acids comprising summed features 3 (C16:1 ω6c/ω7c), 9 (iso-C17:1 ω9c/C16:0 10-methyl), C16:0, and iso-C15:0, certain differences between them were also identified. The conserved polar lipid profiles included one phosphatidylcholine (PC), one phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), one phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and two phospholipids (PL1-2). Notably, JC022^T contained three additional unidentified lipids that were not present in JC010^T. Genomic comparisons further reinforced their taxonomic distinctness. The DNA G+C content was 49.8 mol% for JC010^T and 48.0 mol% for JC022^T. Based on the polyphasic characterization, we propose two novel species: <i>Maridesulfovibrio caeruleilacunae</i> sp. nov. (type strain JC010^T = JCM 39061^T = MCCC 1K03847^T) and <i>Maridesulfovibrio oucae</i> sp. nov. (type strain JC022^T = JCM 39062^T = MCCC 1K03848^T).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of Chinese household refrigerator microbial communities obtained from different geographical regions and different sampling sites","authors":"Jiuyan Xie,&nbsp;Xuezi Liu,&nbsp;Lei Zhai,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Ge,&nbsp;Shuai Yuan,&nbsp;Lingling Pang,&nbsp;Zhenyao Zhao,&nbsp;Zhe Wang,&nbsp;Su Yao","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02310-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02310-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Household refrigerators are essential for food preservation, yet their low-temperature environments can harbor diverse microbial communities, some of which pose potential pathogenic risks to stored food. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different geographical regions, different sampling sites (inner wall of the cold storage compartment, door shelf, freezer compartment, and air in the cold storage compartment), service life, and sterilization function on microbial community structure in household refrigerators. Fifteen refrigerators from five cities (Beijing, Guangzhou, Harbin, Chengdu, and Qingdao), each with distinct dietary habits, were sampled at specified sites. Amplicon sequencing and statistical analyses revealed that <i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Escherichia</i>, <i>Acinetobacter</i>, <i>Psychrobacter</i> and <i>Chryseobacterium</i> were the dominant bacterial genera in refrigerators. While <i>Malassezia</i>, <i>Cystofilobasidium</i>, <i>Pleurotus</i>, <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i> were the main fungal genera in refrigerators. Significant differences in microbial community structure were observed between refrigerators from Qingdao and those from the other four cities. Among the four sampling sites, only the air samples from the cold storage compartment harbored a significantly distinct microbial community compared to the surface samples. No significant differences were found between communities in the cold storage and freezer compartments. This study provides the first systematic, national-scale characterization of the core microbial communities in Chinese household refrigerators. Our findings confirm that regional dietary habits are a key factor shaping these communities. The identification of potential foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms offers a crucial theoretical basis for improving refrigerator hygiene and developing targeted antibacterial, preservation, and deodorization technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalase is a critical virulence factor in Aeromonas schubertii infection of snakehead fish (Channa argus)","authors":"Mengzhen Jiang,&nbsp;Haiyan Gong,&nbsp;Qing Wang,&nbsp;Han Lin,&nbsp;Yueming Hu,&nbsp;Hua Li,&nbsp;Jingyang Sun,&nbsp;Kesong Chen,&nbsp;Biao Jiang,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Youlu Su,&nbsp;Chun Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02323-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02323-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Aeromonas schubertii</i> is an emerging fish pathogen that causes visceral nodules and high mortality in snakehead (<i>Channa argus</i>), but the molecular basis of its virulence remains poorly understood. Catalase detoxifies host-derived hydrogen peroxide and may be critical for pathogenesis. In this study, we constructed an isogenic catalase-deficient mutant (<i>Δcat</i>) of <i>A. schubertii</i> and its complemented strain (C-<i>cat</i>) to evaluate the contribution of catalase to pathogenesis. The results showed that deletion of catalase did not affect growth or colony morphology but significantly reduced catalase activity, decreased hydrogen-peroxide tolerance more than 100-fold, and impaired survival at mildly acidic pH 6. In RAW264.7 macrophages, <i>Δcat</i> showed more than twofold lower intracellular survival after 6h, but this effect was partially mitigated in C-<i>cat</i>. During immersion challenge of juvenile snakehead, cumulative mortalities at 14 days were 100% for wild-type <i>A. schubertii</i>, 0% for <i>Δcat</i>, and 50% for C-<i>cat</i>. These findings demonstrated that catalase-mediated catalase activity was indispensable for oxidative stress resistance, intracellular persistence, and full virulence of <i>A. schubertii</i>, and highlighted catalase as a potential prophylactic target in aquaculture disease control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147754381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic SHV-106-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST231 isolated from Brazilian hedgehog (Coendou spinosus) reveals an emerging environmental circulation of a high-risk multidrug-resistant lineage","authors":"Jacqueline Meyer,&nbsp;Jéssica A. Martins,&nbsp;Amanda Haisi,&nbsp;João P. Araújo Júnior,&nbsp;Gustavo H. Z. Winter,&nbsp;Raquel F. S. Raimondo,&nbsp;Marcelo M. Alievi,&nbsp;Marcos Bryan Heinemann,&nbsp;Natália C. Gaeta","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02317-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02317-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major global health challenge, and wildlife has increasingly been recognized as an important sentinel for monitoring the environmental circulation of clinically relevant resistant bacteria. In this study, we report the phenotypic, genomic, and phylogenomic characterization of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolate recovered from a free-ranging wild porcupine (<i>Coendou spinosus</i>) in southern Brazil. An extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strain, designated UFRGS-ourico-23, was isolated during routine surveillance at a Wild Animals Care Unity. It exhibited resistance to β-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and tetracycline. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a complex resistome, including <i>bla</i>_SHV-106, <i>oqxAB</i>, <i>qnrB1</i>, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, sulfonamide, tetracycline, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim resistance genes, consistent with the MDR phenotype. Notably, ESBL production was mediated by the rare <i>bla</i>_SHV-106 gene chromosomally located near the lactose operon. In addition, the UFRGS-ourico-23 strain belonged to the pandemic high-risk sequence type ST231. This is the first report of a <i>bla</i>_SHV-106 in an animal-derived <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ST231 in Brazil. The strain also harbored a class 1 integron and conjugative IncFIB and Col440I plasmids carrying multiple resistance genes, as well as heavy-metal tolerance operons, suggesting co-selection pressures in anthropized environments. The phylogenomic analysis demonstrated close clustering with globally distributed, predominantly human-derived ST231 genomes, indicating limited core-genome divergence. Collectively, these findings document the emergence of a high-risk MDR <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ST231 clone in Brazilian wildlife and highlight the role of wild animals as reservoirs and sentinels of clinically relevant AMR lineages, reinforcing the need for integrated One Health genomic surveillance at the human–animal–environment interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced production of chitinase from Bacillus cereus V5331 and evaluation of anti-candidal potential of enzyme: central composite design approach","authors":"Anindita Sharma,&nbsp;Ashish Suttee,&nbsp;Shailendra Kumar Arya,&nbsp;Gursharan Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02321-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02321-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A chitinase-producing bacterium was isolated from a dumping ground soil sample and identified as <i>Bacillus cereus</i> V5331 based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The production of chitinase was enhanced through the application of solid-state fermentation (SSF). The effect of variables like pH, temperature, swollen chitin (SC) concentration, moisture content, inoculum size and incubation period were assessed by using a one-variable-at—a-time (OVAT) approach. A central composite design (CCD) using response surface methodology (RSM) was subsequently employed with the chitin concentration, moisture ratio, incubation period and inoculum size as found most effective independent variables. Optimization resulted in a 1.84 fold increase in chitinase production by meeting the parameters: 0.2% chitin, 1:1 moisture ratio, 1% inoculum and 120 h of incubation at 37 °C and pH 7 ± 0.2. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed that chitinase showed significant antifungal action against <i>Candida albicans</i>, causing cell wall disintegration, cell wall inhibition (1.5 cm) and substantial biofilm degradation (53.56%). Chitin breakdown was further confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis and p-DMAB assay of the enzyme-treated yeast, which showed the release of 211 µg mL⁻¹ of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). The current study demonstrates a newly isolated bacterium, which is non-hemolytic (gamma- hemolytic) and producing chitinase constitutively as well as in the presence of chitin in cost-effective locally available media. Further, its anti-fungal potential against <i>C. albicans</i> makes it a promising candidate for future studies to develop an antifungal topical therapeutic agent.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of microalgae with the potential as anti quorum sensing and anti-vibrio agent in shrimp culture","authors":"Ince Ayu K.Kadriah,&nbsp;Sahabuddin Sahabuddin,&nbsp;Nurbaya Nurbaya,&nbsp;Endang Susianingsih,&nbsp;Nurhidayah Nurhidayah,&nbsp;Bunga Rante Tampangallo,&nbsp;Muliani Muliani,&nbsp;Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo,&nbsp;Muhamad Yamin","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02318-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02318-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vibriosis is a major bacterial disease that causes significant mortality in farmed shrimp worldwide. Numerous studies have explored strategies to prevent mass mortalities associated with vibriosis outbreaks. This study aimed to identify microalgal species with immunostimulant and anti-<i>Vibrio</i> properties for shrimp culture. Microalgal screening began with centrifugal supernatant extraction, followed by metabolite extraction using ethyl acetate. The metabolites were subjected to an anti-quorum sensing (QS) bioassay via the disc diffusion method, using <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> as an indicator strain on LB agar. Clear inhibition zones around the discs indicated anti-QS activity. Anti-<i>Vibrio</i> activity was assessed using the microalgae metabolites, with <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> as the target strain on TSA medium. Microalgal supernatant extracts were further tested for anti-Vibrio activity under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replicates. Based on the bioassays, <i>Melosira</i> sp., <i>Porphyridium</i> sp., and <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> demonstrated the ability to inhibit <i>Vibrio</i> growth. Challenge test results indicated that extracts of <i>P. tricornutum</i> and <i>Porphyridium</i> sp. have strong potential to suppress pathogenic <i>Vibrio</i> in shrimp aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of a metagenome-derived GH10 xylanase with salt and alkali tolerance from Xinjiang saline-alkali soil","authors":"Jing Gao,&nbsp;Hua-Lin Li,&nbsp;Mao-Song Li,&nbsp;Zong-Jin Shao,&nbsp;Zheng-Feng Yang,&nbsp;Chan-Jin Li,&nbsp;Zhi-Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Zhu,&nbsp;Zhi-Hua Lv,&nbsp;Rong-Huan Song,&nbsp;Jian-Ling Li,&nbsp;Wei Hu,&nbsp;Yi-Rui Yin","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02316-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02316-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Xylanases are widely used in baking, seafood processing, and paper production, but their performance is often compromised under high-salt, acidic, or alkaline conditions, limiting broader industrial deployment. Identifying robust xylanases from saline-alkali environments is therefore of practical importance. Here, we report a GH10 xylanase gene, XynE102, mined from a saline-alkali soil metagenome from Karamay, Xinjiang. The deduced amino acid sequence shares 69.17% identity with a xylanase from <i>Cellvibrionaceae bacterium</i> (GenBank accession HEY7885703.1). XynE102 was cloned and heterologously expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and the recombinant enzyme was purified by Ni–NTA affinity chromatography. Using beechwood xylan as substrate, XynE102 exhibited optimal activity at 50 °C and pH 7.0. It retained ≥ 50% relative activity between 30 and 55 °C and pH 5.6–8.6, and ≥ 75% activity in 2.0 M NaCl. Notably, after preincubation at 40 °C for 60 and 120 min, its activity increased to 130% and 165% of the initial value, respectively. Following 24 h preincubation at pH 7–10, residual activity remained ≥ 80%, indicating pronounced alkaline stability. At 1 mM, Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, and Fe³⁺ activated the enzyme, whereas Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺ inhibited it; 1% SDS had no measurable effect. XynE102 primarily hydrolyzed xylan to xylobiose and xylotetraose. It also hydrolyzed alkali-treated corn stalk and hot-water-pretreated wheat bran, yielding reducing sugar concentrations of 5.44 mM and 4.18 mM, respectively, after 24 h. Taken together, these results indicate that XynE102 is a neutral-pH xylanase with notable salt and alkali tolerance, supporting its potential for prebiotic XOS production and food-processing applications under moderate temperature conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotransformation of acetaminophen by a bacterial consortium isolated from wastewater treatment plant and household compost: metabolite profiling and kinetic insights","authors":"Ibtissem Chekired,&nbsp;Amel Ait-Meddour,&nbsp;Houria Ouled-Haddar,&nbsp;Mohamed Sifour","doi":"10.1007/s10482-026-02320-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10482-026-02320-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing detection of pharmaceutical micropollutants in aquatic environments raises concerns due to their persistence and incomplete removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Among the various biological approaches, bacterial consortia are an effective strategy for enhancing biodegradation efficiency. This study investigated the biodegradation of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, also known as acetaminophen (APAP or paracetamol), using a local bacterial consortium composed of <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> subsp<i>. xiangfangensis</i> A10, <i>Bacillus cereus</i> A16, and <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> subsp<i>. xiangfangensis</i> A17. These strains were isolated from a WWTP and household compost. An antagonism assay confirmed the compatibility of the three strains in co-culture. Batch experiments were conducted in a minimal medium containing APAP (100 mg L⁻¹) under metabolic conditions and with the addition of glucose (50 mg L⁻¹) under co-metabolic conditions. The experiments were performed at 37 °C and 150 rpm for up to 72 h. The APAP degradation kinetics was evaluated and successfully described using appropriate kinetic models, which provided quantitative insight into the performance of the consortium. HPLC and LC–MS analyses revealed that 80.33 ± 1.21% of APAP were removed under metabolic conditions, whereas the removal efficiency decreased to 50.40 ± 1.32% in the presence of glucose. Several transformation products were identified, including 4-aminophenol, hydroquinone, and muconic acid. The consortium exhibited resistance to several co-pollutants, including heavy metals and antibiotics, with the exception of nickel. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of the selected bacterial consortium for APAP bioremediation while highlighting the need for further studies that integrate process optimization and mechanistic investigations to achieve complete degradation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":50746,"journal":{"name":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology","volume":"119 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}