Atmospheric Science Letters最新文献_第2页

Investigating the Role of Climate Change in the 3 May 2025 Western Europe Hailstorm Using Atmospheric Analogs 利用大气模拟物研究气候变化在2025年5月3日西欧冰雹中的作用

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70016

Davide Faranda, Tommaso Alberti

{"title":"Investigating the Role of Climate Change in the 3 May 2025 Western Europe Hailstorm Using Atmospheric Analogs","authors":"Davide Faranda, Tommaso Alberti","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"On 3 May 2025, a severe hailstorm affected Paris and parts of western Europe. We assess whether anthropogenic climate change contributed to its intensity using ERA5 reanalyses and an analog-based attribution framework. The synoptic pattern featured a cut-off low and a surface cold front. We identify circulation analogs to 3 May 2025 in two periods, that is, a cooler “past” (1974–1999) and a warmer “present” (1999–2024), and compare thermodynamic conditions under otherwise similar large-scale flow. Hail probability and size are estimated with two models: (i) a logistic formulation using Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), deep-layer wind shear, and convective precipitation, and (ii) an extended model including freezing-level height and 850 hPa temperature. Models are calibrated with Île-de-France observations and validated independently. Present-day analogs exhibit significantly higher CAPE (+200 J/kg), a higher freezing level (+100–200 m), and similar deep-layer shear, yielding larger hail probability (+30%) and size (+2 cm). These results indicate that human-induced warming likely enhanced the hailstorm severity in this synoptic setting.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerosol Effect on Orographic Clouds and Its Meteorological Feedback: A Numerical Case Study 气溶胶对地形云的影响及其气象反馈：数值实例研究

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70022

Jiahao Zhang, Xinyi Lin, Qian Chen, Zeyong Zou

{"title":"Aerosol Effect on Orographic Clouds and Its Meteorological Feedback: A Numerical Case Study","authors":"Jiahao Zhang, Xinyi Lin, Qian Chen, Zeyong Zou","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"Aerosol effect on orographic clouds and its feedback on the surrounding meteorological environment have been investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with the spectrum bin microphysics scheme. Analysis of aerosol impacts on water vapor mixing ratio, latent heating rates, and wind field reveals that enhanced aerosol loading invigorates convection accompanied by intensive latent heat release, which induces stronger convergence at 3–5 km of altitude and leads to increased horizontal wind speed around the periphery of clouds on the windward slope. Moreover, the enhanced negative buoyancy around the periphery of clouds under polluted condition induces the descent of dry air from the middle troposphere, together with the downslope winds, consequently resulting in lower humidity and higher temperature at lower levels of the lee side. Under clean condition, the surface temperature of the leeward slope is 6.0 K higher than that of the windward slope, while this difference is increased to 7.0 K under polluted condition. The surface relative humidity on the lee side is 42.6% and 21.6% for clean and polluted conditions, respectively. By intensifying the downslope wind and reducing leeside humidity, aerosols suppress subsequent cloud growth and thereby alter the precipitation pattern, leading to higher rain rates over the windward slope and leeward side under polluted and clean conditions, respectively.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Climatic Zones in the Last Glacial Maximum Estimated From Assimilated Temperature Data 从同化温度资料估计末次极盛期全球气候带

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70019

Tomohiko Tomita, Daiki Nishioka, Ryu Shimabukuro

引用次数: 0

Global Climatic Zones in the Last Glacial Maximum Estimated From Assimilated Temperature Data 从同化温度资料估计末次极盛期全球气候带

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70019

Tomohiko Tomita, Daiki Nishioka, Ryu Shimabukuro

引用次数: 0

Vertical Observational Evidence of Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over the Taklimakan Desert, China 塔克拉玛干沙漠大气边界层沙尘气溶胶辐射强迫的垂直观测证据

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70014

Lu Meng, Qing He, Zhimin Yi, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Congzhen Zhu, Tianhe Wang

{"title":"Vertical Observational Evidence of Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over the Taklimakan Desert, China","authors":"Lu Meng, Qing He, Zhimin Yi, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Congzhen Zhu, Tianhe Wang","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"Over land, the typical atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depth ranges from 1000 to 2000 m. However, the Taklimakan Desert (TD) exhibits an exceptionally deep ABL that can extend vertically to altitudes between 4000 and 6000 m. While dust aerosol radiative forcing is known to influence the ABL, vertical observational evidence of this interaction has remained limited. By conducting the first observational particle-sounding experiment over the TD in May 2022, we observed that during daytime, dust aerosols absorb solar shortwave radiation, generating a heating effect that leads to the formation of a deep capping inversion layer (∼1000 m thick, CIL) at the top of the dust layer. The CIL restrained the convective boundary layer (CBL) height to 1000–2000 m and strongly suppressed vertical transport of dust aerosols. At night, dust aerosols released longwave radiation that cooled the atmosphere and heated the surface, promoting the development of a deep stable boundary layer (SBL). Radiative transfer simulations demonstrate that these dust-induced radiative effects are the key mechanism driving the observed changes in ABL structure. The study provides vertical observational evidence and mechanistic insights into the impact of dust aerosols on the deep ABL structure, offering a scientific basis for improving weather and climate models and improving the accuracy of dust forecasts.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical Observational Evidence of Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over the Taklimakan Desert, China 塔克拉玛干沙漠大气边界层沙尘气溶胶辐射强迫的垂直观测证据

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70014

Lu Meng, Qing He, Zhimin Yi, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Congzhen Zhu, Tianhe Wang

{"title":"Vertical Observational Evidence of Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over the Taklimakan Desert, China","authors":"Lu Meng, Qing He, Zhimin Yi, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Congzhen Zhu, Tianhe Wang","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"Over land, the typical atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depth ranges from 1000 to 2000 m. However, the Taklimakan Desert (TD) exhibits an exceptionally deep ABL that can extend vertically to altitudes between 4000 and 6000 m. While dust aerosol radiative forcing is known to influence the ABL, vertical observational evidence of this interaction has remained limited. By conducting the first observational particle-sounding experiment over the TD in May 2022, we observed that during daytime, dust aerosols absorb solar shortwave radiation, generating a heating effect that leads to the formation of a deep capping inversion layer (∼1000 m thick, CIL) at the top of the dust layer. The CIL restrained the convective boundary layer (CBL) height to 1000–2000 m and strongly suppressed vertical transport of dust aerosols. At night, dust aerosols released longwave radiation that cooled the atmosphere and heated the surface, promoting the development of a deep stable boundary layer (SBL). Radiative transfer simulations demonstrate that these dust-induced radiative effects are the key mechanism driving the observed changes in ABL structure. The study provides vertical observational evidence and mechanistic insights into the impact of dust aerosols on the deep ABL structure, offering a scientific basis for improving weather and climate models and improving the accuracy of dust forecasts.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weakening of Western Disturbances in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt in Climate Model Simulations 气候模式模拟中极地海冰融化对西部扰动减弱的响应

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/asl.70007

Varunesh Chandra, S. Sandeep, Kieran M. R. Hunt

{"title":"Weakening of Western Disturbances in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt in Climate Model Simulations","authors":"Varunesh Chandra, S. Sandeep, Kieran M. R. Hunt","doi":"10.1002/asl.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.70007","url":null,"abstract":"The response of low-latitude weather and climate to polar sea ice melt is not well understood. In this study, we run a suite of coupled and uncoupled simulations using the Community Earth System Model to investigate the effects of polar sea ice melt on western disturbance (WD) activity over the Indian subcontinent. In the coupled model simulation, the albedo of the sea ice is reduced in such a way that the increased absorption of the solar radiation would melt the sea ice. Further, the monthly climatology of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SIC) from the coupled model runs are used to force the community atmospheric model (CAM5) at higher resolution (50 km). WD vortices in the CAM5 simulations are tracked using an objective feature-based tracking algorithm. Our analyses reveal that WD activity is reduced in the CAM5 simulations forced with the SST and SIC from the sea ice melt experiment. The reduction in WD activity is attributed to the subtropical jet becoming more baroclinically stable and undergoing an equatorward shift in response to the polar sea ice melt. The weakening and widening of the subtropical jet are consistent with the predicted changes to thermal wind and upper-tropospheric meridional temperature gradient in response to the polar sea ice melt.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weakening of Western Disturbances in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt in Climate Model Simulations 气候模式模拟中极地海冰融化对西部扰动减弱的响应

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/asl.70007

Varunesh Chandra, S. Sandeep, Kieran M. R. Hunt

{"title":"Weakening of Western Disturbances in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt in Climate Model Simulations","authors":"Varunesh Chandra, S. Sandeep, Kieran M. R. Hunt","doi":"10.1002/asl.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.70007","url":null,"abstract":"The response of low-latitude weather and climate to polar sea ice melt is not well understood. In this study, we run a suite of coupled and uncoupled simulations using the Community Earth System Model to investigate the effects of polar sea ice melt on western disturbance (WD) activity over the Indian subcontinent. In the coupled model simulation, the albedo of the sea ice is reduced in such a way that the increased absorption of the solar radiation would melt the sea ice. Further, the monthly climatology of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SIC) from the coupled model runs are used to force the community atmospheric model (CAM5) at higher resolution (50 km). WD vortices in the CAM5 simulations are tracked using an objective feature-based tracking algorithm. Our analyses reveal that WD activity is reduced in the CAM5 simulations forced with the SST and SIC from the sea ice melt experiment. The reduction in WD activity is attributed to the subtropical jet becoming more baroclinically stable and undergoing an equatorward shift in response to the polar sea ice melt. The weakening and widening of the subtropical jet are consistent with the predicted changes to thermal wind and upper-tropospheric meridional temperature gradient in response to the polar sea ice melt.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach to Enhancing Spatial Resolution in Submillimeter-Wave Ice Cloud Parameter Retrieval 提高亚毫米波冰云参数检索空间分辨率的新方法

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70012

Yuehao Zhuo, Shulei Li, Lei Liu, Shuai Hu, Husi Letu, Qingwei Zeng, Yuliang Liu

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Enhancing Spatial Resolution in Submillimeter-Wave Ice Cloud Parameter Retrieval","authors":"Yuehao Zhuo, Shulei Li, Lei Liu, Shuai Hu, Husi Letu, Qingwei Zeng, Yuliang Liu","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud horizontal heterogeneity within instrument footprints constitutes a major error source in ice cloud retrievals. We present a novel algorithm considering cloud horizontal heterogeneity based on lightweight convolutional neural network (LCNN) designed for Ice Cloud Imagers (ICI), which retrieves high-resolution ice water path (IWP) by leveraging spatial correlations in low-resolution satellite observations. Our approach employs a prior database generated through three-dimensional radiative transfer simulations, containing collocated high-resolution atmospheric profiles and cloud parameters, as well as the corresponding brightness temperature differences (BTDs). Then, the LCNN is trained and tested by the simulated prior database. Compared to Bayesian Monte Carlo integration (BMCI), the LCNN reduces mean absolute error (MAE) by 12.05 g/m2 while tripling spatial resolution (from 16 to 5.3 km). This resolution enhancement mitigates errors induced by ice cloud horizontal heterogeneity, achieving a 23.6% reduction in MAE attributing to plane-parallel cloud assumptions within footprints. The framework demonstrates the viability of deep learning for submillimeter-wave cloud sensing, providing a pathway to resolve sub-footprint cloud variability in future satellite missions.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147562914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach to Enhancing Spatial Resolution in Submillimeter-Wave Ice Cloud Parameter Retrieval 提高亚毫米波冰云参数检索空间分辨率的新方法

IF 2 4区地球科学

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1002/asl2.70012

Yuehao Zhuo, Shulei Li, Lei Liu, Shuai Hu, Husi Letu, Qingwei Zeng, Yuliang Liu

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Enhancing Spatial Resolution in Submillimeter-Wave Ice Cloud Parameter Retrieval","authors":"Yuehao Zhuo, Shulei Li, Lei Liu, Shuai Hu, Husi Letu, Qingwei Zeng, Yuliang Liu","doi":"10.1002/asl2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud horizontal heterogeneity within instrument footprints constitutes a major error source in ice cloud retrievals. We present a novel algorithm considering cloud horizontal heterogeneity based on lightweight convolutional neural network (LCNN) designed for Ice Cloud Imagers (ICI), which retrieves high-resolution ice water path (IWP) by leveraging spatial correlations in low-resolution satellite observations. Our approach employs a prior database generated through three-dimensional radiative transfer simulations, containing collocated high-resolution atmospheric profiles and cloud parameters, as well as the corresponding brightness temperature differences (BTDs). Then, the LCNN is trained and tested by the simulated prior database. Compared to Bayesian Monte Carlo integration (BMCI), the LCNN reduces mean absolute error (MAE) by 12.05 g/m2 while tripling spatial resolution (from 16 to 5.3 km). This resolution enhancement mitigates errors induced by ice cloud horizontal heterogeneity, achieving a 23.6% reduction in MAE attributing to plane-parallel cloud assumptions within footprints. The framework demonstrates the viability of deep learning for submillimeter-wave cloud sensing, providing a pathway to resolve sub-footprint cloud variability in future satellite missions.","PeriodicalId":50734,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Science Letters","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/asl2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147562915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0