Carbon Letters最新文献

{"title":"Synthesis of homogeneously dispersed ZnS on nanocarbons as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Hosung Hwang,&nbsp;Daehyeon Seo,&nbsp;Wonbin Nam,&nbsp;Jaewon Choi,&nbsp;Sungho Lee,&nbsp;Se Youn Cho","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01103-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01103-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transition-metal chalcogenides such as zinc sulfide (ZnS) have garnered significant attention as promising materials for various primary and secondary batteries. However, ZnS suffers from inherent drawbacks, including low electrical conductivity and structural instability induced by volume expansion during cycling for ZnS anode. To overcome these limitations, the combination of ZnS with carbon-based materials offers a promising alternative to graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries. In this study, ZnS nanoparticles were incorporated into a carbon-carbon composite consisting of nanocarbons (NCs) and CNTs. Metal-organic frameworks containing Zn were synthesized on the surface of CNTs and subsequently carbonized to derive the NCs, exhibiting uniformly dispersed Zn, offering additional active sites for anchoring sulfur to form ZnS nanoparticles. Moreover, the incorporation of CNTs into the ZnS@NC composite substantially enhanced electrical conductivity, resulting in a specific capacity exceeding 800 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.1 A g⁻¹. Cycling tests further demonstrated that ZnS@NC/CNT retained a stable capacity of 802.3 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹ after 400 cycles, highlighting its remarkable stability and high discharge capacity. These findings highlight the synergistic contributions of ZIF-8-derived NCs and CNTs in improving electrochemical performance, establishing the composite as a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1943 - 1953"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled pore structure and surface properties of petroleum pitch-based mesoporous carbon prepared using silica as a template","authors":"Jae Jun Lee,&nbsp;Young Chul Choi","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01093-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01093-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Petroleum pitch-based mesoporous carbons were synthesized using a colloidal silica templating method, and the effects of imprinting temperature, pitch-to-silica ratio, and H₂O₂ oxidative pretreatment on pore development and surface chemistry were systematically investigated. The imprinting process facilitated the infiltration and dispersion of silica particles within the softened pitch matrix, leading to the formation of interconnected mesoporous structures after carbonization and silica removal. The mesoporous carbons exhibited typical type-IV N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms with H2-type hysteresis loops, indicating the presence of interconnected mesopores. Among the investigated conditions, the sample prepared at an imprinting temperature of 350 °C with a pitch-to-silica ratio of 1:2.4 showed the most developed mesoporous structure, exhibiting a specific surface area of 342 m² g⁻¹ and a total pore volume of 1.11 cm³ g⁻¹. H₂O₂ oxidative pretreatment introduced oxygen-containing functional groups onto the pitch surface, improving the interaction between pitch and hydrophilic silica particles. Moderate oxidation for 2 h further enhanced the specific surface area to 446 m² g⁻¹ and increased pore accessibility while maintaining structural stability. However, excessive oxidation caused structural degradation and reduced pore uniformity. XRD analysis revealed that all samples possessed low graphitic ordering characteristic of template-assisted mesoporous carbons, while XPS and FTIR analyses confirmed the introduction and partial retention of oxygen-containing functional groups after carbonization. The resulting mesoporous carbons exhibited high mesopore fractions exceeding 90% and pore sizes in the range of 15–25 nm, suggesting their structural suitability as catalyst supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1825 - 1838"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platinum-decorated biochar from pequi tree bark as a sustainable catalyst for hydrogen production from ammonia borane","authors":"Antonio Machado Netto,&nbsp;Mariele Dalmolin da Silva,&nbsp;Marcela de Oliveira Brahim Cortez,&nbsp;Gessica do Carmo Dias,&nbsp;Bárbara Fernandes de Souza,&nbsp;Guilherme Mateus Bousada,&nbsp;Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01084-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01084-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global efforts to mitigate environmental impacts have intensified the demand for cleaner and more sustainable energy systems. Thus, the development of highly efficient and environmentally benign catalysts for hydrogen (H₂) production has emerged as a promising strategy. In this work, a high-performance nanocatalyst composed of platinum nanoparticles supported on activated biochar (Pt NPs/AcB) was developed for hydrogen generation via NH₃BH₃ hydrolysis. The catalytic support was obtained through the valorization of pequi (<i>Caryocar brasiliense</i>) peel, an abundant agricultural residue, using pyrolysis followed by chemical activation with ZnCl₂. The activation process yielded a material with remarkable textural properties, including a high specific surface area of 1142.43 m² g⁻¹ and a predominantly mesoporous structure, which is highly favorable for metal nanoparticle dispersion and anchoring. The Pt NPs/AB catalyst exhibited outstanding catalytic activity toward NH₃BH₃ hydrolysis, achieving a hydrogen generation rate (HGR) of 2982.1 mL min⁻¹ g⁻¹ under optimized conditions (6.5 mmol% Pt, 10 mg of support, 1.00 mL of NH₃BH₃ solution at 0.648 mol L⁻¹, and 30 °C). Mechanistic investigations revealed a primary kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of 6.74, indicating that cleavage of the O–H bond of water is the rate-determining step of the reaction. In addition, the catalyst demonstrated excellent durability, maintaining approximately 100% efficiency over 30 consecutive reaction cycles. Overall, this work presents a robust and sustainable catalytic system that provides an efficient route for on-demand hydrogen generation while highlighting the potential of residual biomass as a precursor for advanced carbon materials in energy-related applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1695 - 1710"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42823-026-01084-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroactive 3D-printed monolithic PAC filters for integrated adsorption and electrochemical oxidation of dyes","authors":"Da-Yeon Kim,&nbsp;Hyemin Kim,&nbsp;Eun-Hee Lee,&nbsp;Seung-Woo Lee","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01073-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01073-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is widely used for dye removal because of its high adsorption capacity and large specific surface area; however, its practical application is severely limited by poor handleability, difficult recovery, and low regenerability. Here, we report a three-dimensional (3D)-printed PAC-based monolithic filter that structurally and functionally integrates adsorption and electrochemical advanced oxidation within a single carbon architecture. The monolithic filters were fabricated by direct ink writing (DIW) of a carbon-rich ink containing PAC and polymeric binders, followed by solvent-exchange-induced phase inversion to generate a mechanically robust, hierarchically porous, and electrically conductive structure. The resulting 3D PAC filter preserved the high adsorption performance of PAC while providing a freestanding and reusable form. When operated as a conductive porous electrode (E-3D PAC), the filter enabled <i>in situ</i> generation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of H₂O₂, allowing oxidative degradation of adsorbed dyes and partial regeneration of the carbon surface within a single platform. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm analyses demonstrated strong affinity toward both anionic and cationic dyes. Electrochemical operation significantly enhanced dye removal through coupled adsorption-oxidation pathways, while the monolithic architecture maintained stable electrochemical performance over repeated treatment cycles. By unifying adsorption and electrochemical oxidation within a printable carbon framework, this work provides a scalable strategy for designing regenerable carbon-based filters for the treatment of dye-contaminated and complex wastewaters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1569 - 1582"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-strength strain-sensing composite material based on freestanding carbon nanotube films for real-time structural health monitoring","authors":"Rajath Alexander,&nbsp;Amit Kaushal,&nbsp;Rohan Rohilla,&nbsp;Jitendra Bahadur,&nbsp;Jyoti Prakash,&nbsp;Hassaan Butt,&nbsp;Dmitry V. Krasnikov,&nbsp;Albert G. Nasibulin,&nbsp;Kinshuk Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01088-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01088-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents, for the first time, a composite material that integrates exceptional mechanical strength with sensitive strain-sensing capabilities, uniquely engineered for real-time structural health monitoring. In a novel approach, we employ freestanding carbon nanotube (CNT) films with aligned CNTs embedded in an epoxy matrix through vacuum bagging. The aligned CNT film was synthesized by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD). The parameters responsible for CNT alignment were determined and subsequently optimized, including winding rate, carrier gas flow, and precursor input, resulting in enhanced tensile strength and gauge factor (GF). This novel methodology yields an unprecedented tensile strength of 1.21 ± 0.06 GPa and a GF of 23, the highest GF for CNT composites with GPa-level strength. The remarkably elevated GF facilitates intrinsic strain detection through piezoresistivity, obviating the need for external sensors. This capability represents a significant advancement over traditional CNT powder-based composites that face challenges of agglomeration and low GF. The microstructural analysis identifies CNT bundle fracture as the primary failure mechanism, underscoring robust interfacial bonding. The study highlights the potential of CNT film-based composites in advanced structural applications, offering superior mechanical properties and integrated health monitoring capabilities through intrinsic strain sensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1749 - 1765"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotten roselle-derived activated carbon for high-performance supercapacitors: a sustainable waste-to-energy and dye removal approach","authors":"Babu Pejjai,&nbsp;Reddi Mohan Naidu Kalla,&nbsp;Rajesh Cheruku,&nbsp;Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana,&nbsp;Nadavala Siva Kumar,&nbsp;Mohammad Asif,&nbsp;Jaewoong Lee","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01086-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01086-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new strategy has been developed to investigate a low-cost porous carbon electrode material derived from bio-waste rotten roselle, activated with potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) under a nitrogen atmosphere via a direct activation method, without pre-carbonization. This activated carbon, referred to as Rotten Roselle Activated Carbon (RRAC), is intended for supercapacitor applications due to its anticipated high surface area, porous architecture, and favorable electrochemical properties. RRAC was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The activated carbon composite exhibited a high specific surface area of 2225 m² g^− 1 and a substantial presence of micropores, which facilitate efficient ion and electron transport, thereby enhancing electrochemical performance. A maximum specific capacitance of 262 F g^− 1 at 0.5 A g^− 1 was obtained from the galvanostatic charge–discharge curve. Moreover, the RRAC material retained 89% of its capacitance after 5000 cycles, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. These results indicate that RRAC is a cost-effective and eco-friendly material for energy storage devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1727 - 1740"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient optical sensing of nitrophenol using low-rank coal-based graphene quantum dots","authors":"Archana Shau,&nbsp;Lokesh Kumar Jangir,&nbsp;Mayadhar Barik,&nbsp;Poonam Kumari","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01085-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01085-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low-rank coal is typically regarded as waste or underutilized in conventional industries as an energy source. When burned, it generates elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and fine particulate matter (PM), all of which contribute to global warming and climate change. In this manuscript, we explore the utilization of low-rank coal for the synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) through a straightforward and cost-effective method. The structural characteristics of the GQDs were examined using FTIR and XPS spectroscopy, while their morphology was analyzed through TEM and HR-TEM techniques. The synthesized GQDs exhibited a notable quantum yield of approximately 0.063. Optical kinetic studies demonstrated the high stability of these GQDs. Furthermore, the GQDs were employed as optical probes for the detection of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol, with a detection limit of 1.44 and 1.89 µmol L^− 1, respectively. A plausible detection mechanism for nitrophenol using GQDs is also discussed.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1711 - 1725"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable and multifunctional magnetic sulfonated tragacanth–MWCNT-COOH/ZnCuFe₂O₄ nanobiocatalyst for the efficient synthesis of bioactive polyhydroquinolines","authors":"Shefa Mirani Nezhad,&nbsp;Armin Rahmavand,&nbsp;Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare,&nbsp;Seied Ali Pourmousavi,&nbsp;Alireza Ashrafi Fashi,&nbsp;Soran Ghadermazi,&nbsp;Saba Fakhlaee,&nbsp;Taotao Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01089-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01089-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts plays a crucial role in facilitating sustainable and high-yield organic syntheses. In this study, a multifunctional nanocomposite based on sulfonated tragacanth, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and ZnCuFe₂O₄ nanoparticles (STrag/MWCNT-COOH/ZnCuFe₂O₄) was designed and synthesized. The fabrication involved a modified sol–gel synthesis of ferrite nanoparticles, chemical functionalization of tragacanth and MWCNTs, and subsequent integration into a hybrid composite. Characterization using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) confirmed the formation of a well-dispersed, porous, and magnetically responsive nanocomposite. The material demonstrated excellent catalytic efficiency in the one-pot synthesis of diverse polyhydroquinolines under mild reflux conditions, providing high yields (87–95%) in short reaction times (35–70 min). The resulting polyhydroquinolines exhibited antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging up to 79.4%) and antibacterial activity (inhibition zones of 8–14 mm). Furthermore, the nanocomposite maintained its catalytic performance over multiple reuse cycles, highlighting its potential as a versatile platform for environmentally friendly catalysis and bioactive molecule development.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1767 - 1791"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal pathway engineering in epoxy molding compounds via high-loading SiO2-embedded carbon nanofibers fabricated by syringeless electrospinning","authors":"Suk Jekal,&nbsp;Yoon-Ho Ra,&nbsp;Jiwon Kim,&nbsp;Woohyeon Kim,&nbsp;Jeongsu Kim,&nbsp;Jinseo Park,&nbsp;Sae Hee Kim,&nbsp;Su Been Kim,&nbsp;Soong-Keun Hyun,&nbsp;Chang-Min Yoon","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01090-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01090-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with high SiO₂ loading are developed as thermally conductive additives for epoxy molding compounds (EMCs) used in advanced semiconductor packaging. A syringeless electrospinning strategy is employed to fabricate high-content SiO₂-embedded CNFs, while interfacial engineering of SiO₂ <i>via</i> silane treatment is introduced to control precursor-stage rheological behavior. Specifically, amine-functionalized SiO₂-embedded CNFs exhibit the highest increase in precursor viscosity due to enhanced polymer–particle interactions, allowing uniform SiO₂ embedding along the CNF backbone at an optimal loading amount of 20 wt%. When incorporated into EMC at 0.6 wt%, the additive exhibits the highest mechanical strength and thermal conductivity enhancement. The superior performance originates from the synergistic contributioon of continuous heat-dissipation pathways provided by the carbon framework and the optimized packing factor achieved by SiO₂ embedding. Infrared thermography further confirms enhanced heat transport, showing a 9.4 °C higher surface temperature compared with pristine EMC after 3 min of heating. These findings highlight that the structural evolution of CNFs with embedded inorganic fillers, combined with precursor-stage interfacial and rheological engineering, provides a new design strategy of carbonaceous material for thermally and mechanically stable EMC systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1793 - 1807"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation lignin core-shell structures for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Judith Miralda-Jalle,&nbsp;Mario Culebras,&nbsp;Tadhg Kennedy,&nbsp;Maurice N. Collins","doi":"10.1007/s42823-026-01087-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-026-01087-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a sustainable alternative to lithium systems due to the abundance and low cost of sodium. Hard carbon is the most promising SIB anode material. Here, lignin, an abundant aromatic by-product, was used as a renewable carbon precursor to fabricate core–shell nanofibers via coaxial electrospinning. The baseline sample (CS-3.00) exhibited partial shell collapse due to insufficient interfacial consolidation before stabilisation. To address this, a solvent-mediated post-spinning treatment was introduced by immersing the as-spun fibers in hexane for 5–10 min before thermal processing, influencing pore evolution during carbonisation and sodium storage behaviour. The optimised sample showed a 129% increase in specific capacity compared to the standard one.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"36 4","pages":"1741 - 1747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42823-026-01087-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}