Clinical Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Anatomical Study of the Retrodural Space of Okada in the Cervical Region: 3D Micro-CT Findings.","authors":"Tae-Hyeon Cho, Byongnam Jun, Shin Hyung Kim, Hun-Mu Yang","doi":"10.1002/ca.24269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retrodural space of Okada (RSO) is a potential space located posterior to the ligamentum flavum. It can complicate epidural injections owing to its communication with the epidural space and facet joints. The purpose of this study was to clarify the anatomical structures of the cervical RSO and adjacent ligamentous tissues in cadavers. Cervical spine specimens from 15 embalmed cadavers were used for serial sectional dissection, histological verification, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Micro-CT images of the RSO were acquired after phosphotungstic acid preparation at the C5-7 levels. The RSO was examined meticulously on the basis of its three-dimensional (3D) topography. The 3D shape of the cervical RSO was successfully visualized using micro-CT imaging reconstruction. It had clear anatomical communications with the epidural space, facet joints, and interspinous space. Histological examination confirmed the presence of loose connective tissue within the RSO, which probably facilitates these communications. This cadaveric study demonstrated the 3D shape of the cervical RSO and its communications with adjacent anatomical structures. Further clinical studies are needed to explore the potential implications of these findings for cervical epidural injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Anatomical Terminology in Dentistry Developed by a Consortium of Experts","authors":"Joe Iwanaga,&nbsp;Sergey L. Kabak,&nbsp;Puhan He,&nbsp;Yusuke Hamada,&nbsp;Shogo Kikuta,&nbsp;Yohei Takeshita,&nbsp;Rarinthorn Samrid,&nbsp;Thewarid Berkban,&nbsp;Norio Kitagawa,&nbsp;Junichiro Wada,&nbsp;Taku Toriumi,&nbsp;Yuki Matsushita,&nbsp;Soichiro Ibaragi,&nbsp;Mi-Sun Hur,&nbsp;Hee-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1002/ca.24260","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article aimed to develop evidence-based anatomical terminology in dentistry agreed upon by experts in multiple fields and ultimately to bridge anatomy and clinical dentistry. A comprehensive list of dental anatomical terminology was detailed in table format, and specific terms of interest were highlighted with their respective literature review. The presence of teeth is a unique feature of the oral cavity where dental professionals work. Dentistry is a highly specialized field focusing on preserving the health of dentition and its supporting and surrounding structures. Thus, “teeth” and “mouth” related anatomical terms must be very specialized for dentistry. Many of the terms highlighted were clinical dental or alveolar-related terms that were not clearly established in the general anatomical terminology. The authors hope the evidence-based anatomical terminology in dentistry developed by a consortium of experts will be generally accepted worldwide and ultimately bridge the fields of anatomy and clinical dentistry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"374-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Grit and Quit: Strategies to Prevent Burnout in Medical Students","authors":"Eng-Tat Ang,&nbsp;Suzanne Goh","doi":"10.1002/ca.24268","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24268","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Burnout among medical students and healthcare workers has reached alarming levels (Frajerman et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Tan et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Characterized by emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal accomplishment, burnout not only jeopardizes students' mental health but also impairs academic performance and patient care (Dyrbye et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Ilic et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). As the demands of medical education continue to intensify, effective strategies such as exercise and sleeping hygiene need to be explored to counter the risk of burnout (Boyd et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). This editorial examines the interplay between two seemingly opposing approaches, namely grit and quit. It proposes a nuanced framework for fostering student well-being and success.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Grit, defined as passion and perseverance for long-term goals (Duckworth et al. &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;), has been widely touted as a predictor of success in various domains including medicine and surgery (Huo et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Miller-Matero et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Ursua et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Gritty individuals demonstrate resilience, maintain focus in the face of setbacks, and work persistently towards their objectives (Fillmore &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). A longitudinal study showed that grit protects medical students from burnout (Jumat et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). However, an overemphasis on grit can lead to the “fallacy of sunk costs”, where students persist in unproductive or detrimental pursuits, neglecting their well-being (Arkes and Blumer &lt;span&gt;1985&lt;/span&gt;; Isenberg et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, strategic quitting entails disengagement from commitments that no longer align with one's goals or values (Wrosch et al. &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). It requires self-awareness, prudent decision-making, and the courage to let go of burdensome obligations (Banatvala and Doyal &lt;span&gt;1998&lt;/span&gt;). While quitting often carries negative connotations, research suggests that the ability to abandon unattainable goals is associated with better psychological adjustment and physical health (Wrosch et al. &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). As Morgan (&lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;) puts it, “Less grit more quit” has its benefits (Morgan &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). The following Table 1 summarizes selected references that reveal how grit and quit could prevent burnout.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References results of research Grit to avoid burnout Quit to avoid burnout (Ursua et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;) Grit matters. Efforts count twice in one's achievement X (Wiskin et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). To grit or not beyond context? There will be times when students need to say “No” X (Harolds &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). A toxic learning environment could contribute to burnout. NA NA (Boyd et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Stress could induce burnout. Self-care measures such as exercise and sleep hygiene are needed. NA NA (Blanchard et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Emotional intelligence matters in preventing burnout. NA NA (Isenberg et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/s","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"370-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ca.24268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Peripheral Nerve Block Placement in Hip Surgery: A Cadaveric Study Mapping the Posterior Cutaneous Innervation.","authors":"Ziki Gurney, Kenneth Saw Kai Wei, Leia Boote, Daniel Gareth Stolady, Benjamin Fox, Alan R Norrish","doi":"10.1002/ca.24262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing analgesia after hip surgery enables more rapid recovery. However, peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) often fail to provide adequate pain relief in the posterolateral hip as they typically target the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (LCNT). This study aimed to map the nerves innervating the posterolateral hip through analysis of anatomy textbooks (n = 5) and cadaveric dissections (n = 13). The subcostal (SCN), iliohypogastric (IHN), and ilioinguinal (IIN) nerves were identified as key contributors to innervating the posterolateral hip. The optimal site for ultrasound-guided PNBs to target these three nerves was identified at the \"75/25\" landmark: 75% horizontally along the 12th rib and 25% vertically down to the iliac crest. Ultrasound-guided dye injections in cadavers (n = 6) showed that while the \"75/25\" landmark effectively stained the SCN (6/6) and IHN (4/6), it inconsistently stained the IIN (2/6). A second injection in the posterolateral hip stained branches of the IHN (4/6) and IIN (4/6) but not the SCN (1/6), suggesting the IHN and IIN are the dominant nerves in the posterolateral hip. These findings recommend a more distal injection at the \"100/75\" landmark to consistently block the IHN and IIN, thereby optimizing postoperative analgesia after hip surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Anatomy Is a Living Wholeness of Function…Not Static Academic Structure”","authors":"R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The title of this issue's editorial is taken from a quote from Dr. James Jealous and, in its entirety, reads,</p><p>“Anatomy is a living wholeness of function and should be seen as a mystery of form, not static academic structure.”</p><p>Taken together, these quotes support the endeavor of this issue of Clinical Anatomy, which includes papers that support our trajectory as educators and scientists in the anatomical sciences.</p><p>Hunter W. Two introductory lectures, delivered by Dr. William Hunter; to his last course of anatomical lectures, at his theatre in Windmill Street: as they were left corrected for the press by himself. To which are added, some papers relating to Dr. Hunter's intended plan, for establishing a museum in London, for the improvement of anatomy, surgery, and physic. London: Printed by order of the Trustees, for J. Johnson 1784:64–65.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 2","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ca.24264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex: An Anatomical and Medical Illustration Study","authors":"Hallie Tiburzi,&nbsp;Carlos A. G. Machado,&nbsp;Massimo S. D’Antoni,&nbsp;R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advances in small-joint arthroscopy and cutting-edge magnetic resonance imaging systems have enabled orthopedic surgeons to perform more complex repairs of the wrist. Such repairs can include those of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) of the wrist that necessitates a reappraisal of its morphometry with special emphasis on the relationship between its articular disc (AD) and surrounding tissues. The TFCC AD is a fibrocartilaginous, biconcave structure located between the ulnar styloid process and the carpal bones of the wrist. We carefully dissected and measured the ADs of 58 wrists from 34 embalmed cadavers (20 females, 14 males) and fabricated three-dimensional biofidelic plastic models of them. Precise measurements of the ADs were taken that included length, width, and thickness at five standardized points. For the entire sample, the mean length and width of left ADs were 18.09 and 9.60 mm, respectively, while right ADs averaged 18.63 mm in length and 9.93 mm in width. Significant differences were found between male and female ADs on the right and left sides (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). After the data were further analyzed and casts fabricated, a medical illustrator created novel anatomical illustrations to clarify structures that form the TFCC and help illuminate its complex anatomy. Our study provides valuable morphometric data of the AD and detailed novel medical illustrations of the entire TFCC, enhancing our understanding of its morphology for both educational and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"362-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Critical Appraisal Tool for Anatomical Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anthony V. D'Antoni,&nbsp;Nancy Kamel,&nbsp;R. Shane Tubbs,&nbsp;Morgan G. McCartan,&nbsp;Laine W. Strobel,&nbsp;Kathleen C. Bubb","doi":"10.1002/ca.24263","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hallmark of evidence-based anatomy (EBA) is the anatomical meta-analysis (AMA). The Critical Appraisal Tool for Anatomical Meta-Analysis (CATAM) was recently published to enable users to appraise AMAs quickly and effectively. The tool is valuable for students and clinicians who need to judge the quality of AMAs, which informs clinical decision making and results in better patient care. Subjective measures of the tool's face and content validity have been established, but establishing its reliability provides a more objective measure of the instrument's dependability. This study investigated the interrater reliability (IRR) of the CATAM between novice and expert raters. Three graduate students and three professors (two anatomists and one pharmacist) read the original CATAM paper, and then had a post hoc meeting to discuss scoring with the tool. Three recent AMAs (published between 2017 and 2022) were randomly chosen from PubMed, and all six raters scored the papers blindly. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistic was used to calculate the interrater reliability (IRR) between all scores, and then the ICCs between novice and expert scores were compared. Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) of the CATAM was also calculated (SPSS 25, Armonk, NY). ICC for AMA-1 was 0.999 (95% CI, 0.997–0.999), <i>p</i> = 0.000, and alpha was 0.999. ICC for AMA-2 was 0.994 (95% CI, 0.988–0.998), <i>p</i> = 0.000, and alpha was 0.994. ICC for AMA-3 was 0.998 (95% CI, 0.995–0.999), <i>p</i> = 0.000, and alpha was 0.998. ANOVA showed no significant differences (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) in mean ICCs between raters. The CATAM is a robust tool with excellent IRR (ICC &gt; 0.990) and internal consistency (alpha &gt; 0.990). No significant difference in ICC scores between novices and experts suggests the tool does not require prior expert knowledge to be effective. Now that the reliability of the CATAM is established, it can be more widely adopted by students and physicians worldwide to evaluate the quality of AMAs. The CATAM offers widespread applicability, and can be adopted in medical education, journal clubs, and clinical seminars to critically evaluate AMAs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"355-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Anatomical Research Projects for Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Academic and Professional Skills, Clinical Aspirations and Appreciation of Anatomy","authors":"Amil Sinha,&nbsp;Arun James Thirunavukarasu,&nbsp;Anosh Bonshahi,&nbsp;Cecilia Brassett","doi":"10.1002/ca.24259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the third year of pre-clinical medicine (known as Part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos at the University of Cambridge), students have the opportunity to lead a primary research project on clinically relevant anatomy, often involving donor dissection. This descriptive study used a cross-sectional survey to explore the effects of undertaking an anatomical research project on students' attitudes, interests, and a variety of academic and professional skills. Of 45 students who were invited to participate in this study, 40 responded. Of these, 30 students (75%) had performed cadaveric dissection. Projects increased students' interests in academic careers (36% or 90% agreed/strongly agreed) and scientific inquiry, with 30 students (75%) undertaking subsequent research. Many students (30/40; 75%) strongly agreed their projects highlighted the importance of considering the scientific literature when providing patient care. Most (39/40; 97.5%) felt that there was scope for further anatomical research to appreciate and explore anatomical variation. Many students (32/40; 80%) strongly agreed that projects improved their self-directed learning skills. Inductive thematic analysis of free-text answers identified themes of improved academic, practical, and professional skills such as negotiation, responding to questions, presenting at conferences, and liaising with experts and non-experts. These results suggest that anatomical primary research through this program effectively fosters academic aptitude and interest, as well as the practical and professional skills necessary to thrive in academia and clinical medicine. Aspirations for a surgical career were strengthened and valuable anatomical context was provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Use of Cadaveric Images in Anatomical Textbooks, Atlases, and Journals: A Consensus Response From Authors and Editors","authors":"Joe Iwanaga,&nbsp;Hee-Jin Kim,&nbsp;Keiichi Akita,&nbsp;Bari M. Logan,&nbsp;Ralph T. Hutchings,&nbsp;Nicolás Ottone,&nbsp;Yoichi Nonaka,&nbsp;Mahindra Anand,&nbsp;Danny Burns,&nbsp;Vishram Singh,&nbsp;Maria Peris-Celda,&nbsp;Francisco Martinez-Soriano,&nbsp;Nihal Apaydin,&nbsp;Amgad Hanna,&nbsp;Nobutaka Yoshioka,&nbsp;Juan Fernandez-Miranda,&nbsp;Mi-Sun Hur,&nbsp;Mohammadali M. Shoja,&nbsp;Farhood Saremi,&nbsp;Francisco Reina,&nbsp;Yoko Tabira,&nbsp;Anna Carrera,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Spratt,&nbsp;S. Yen Ho,&nbsp;Shumpei Mori,&nbsp;Noritaka Komune,&nbsp;Koichi Watanabe,&nbsp;Alberto Prats-Galino,&nbsp;Jose De Andrés,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Reina,&nbsp;Peter H. Abrahams,&nbsp;Robert H. Anderson,&nbsp;Soichiro Ibaragi,&nbsp;Marios Loukas,&nbsp;R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24258","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24258","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nowadays, consent to use donor bodies for medical education and research is obtained from the body donors and their families before the donation. Recently, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) published guidelines that could restrict the appearance of cadaveric images in commercial anatomical resources such as textbooks and other educational products. These guidelines state that the donor must expressly consent to using such images for this purpose. Cadaveric photos and drawings made from dissections of cadavers have been used in anatomy textbooks and atlases for hundreds of years. They are invaluable for anatomy students and clinical/surgical practitioners. The IFAA guidelines should not restrict the use of those older books; to do so would infringe the rights of those seeking knowledge from these resources. As the images in such textbooks and atlases are anonymized and are used for teaching and research, and the donors and their families are informed about this before the donation, we believe no additional consent is needed. It is impossible to separate educational from “commercial” usage entirely in any situation, e.g., publications from publishers and the use of cadavers in medical schools. Therefore, our best efforts to avoid unethical use of cadaveric images by following traditional consent processes are still needed so that more people will reap the benefits from them. As senior textbook/atlas authors/editors from over 10 countries, we believe that using cadaveric images in anatomy textbooks is appropriate, and no additional consent should be necessary. Such usage falls within the good faith of professionals using these invaluable gifts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 2","pages":"222-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transverse Humeral Ligament: An Anatomical Narrative Review.","authors":"Keigo Shimizu, Yoko Tabira, Tatsuya Harano, Joe Iwanaga, Shota Uchino, Keishiro Kikuchi, Kathleen Bubb, Kazzara Raeburn, R Shane Tubbs, Koichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1002/ca.24257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shoulder pain often involves the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii (LHBT) and the transverse humeral ligament (THL). Traditionally, the THL is considered a ligament that prevents the LHBT from dislocating, but recent studies suggest that it may be part of the subscapularis tendon. This review evaluates the nature of the THL and its overlying structures. We reviewed the literature from PubMed and Scopus through April 2024 and selected seven studies. Four described the THL as a ligament, and three did not. THL measurements ranged from 14 to 21 mm in length and 14 to 17 mm in width. Histology was inconsistent, with some studies suggesting it is more tendon-like. Clinically, LHBT injuries are associated with rotator cuff injuries. Biomechanical studies, such as those by Kwon et al. (2009), associate the LHBT with subscapularis tendon tears. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of shoulder pain should consider these anatomical variations. The structure covering LHBT in the intertubercular sulcus is most likely the subscapularis tendon, rather than a ligament. Understanding these variations is critical to improving the management of shoulder pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}