Clinical Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Can ChatGPT Generate Acceptable Case-Based Multiple-Choice Questions for Medical School Anatomy Exams? A Pilot Study on Item Difficulty and Discrimination.","authors":"Yavuz Selim Kıyak, Ayşe Soylu, Özlem Coşkun, Işıl İrem Budakoğlu, Tuncay Veysel Peker","doi":"10.1002/ca.24271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing high-quality multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for medical school exams is effortful and time-consuming. In this study, we investigated the ability of ChatGPT to generate case-based anatomy MCQs with acceptable levels of item difficulty and discrimination for medical school exams. We used ChatGPT to generate case-based anatomy MCQs for an endocrine and urogenital system exam based on a framework for artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted item generation. The questions were evaluated by experts, approved by the department, and administered to 502 second-year medical students (372 Turkish-language, 130 English-language). The items were analyzed to determine the discrimination and difficulty indices. The item discrimination indices ranged from 0.29 to 0.54, indicating acceptable differentiation between high- and low-performing students. All items in Turkish (six out of six) and five out of six in English met the higher discrimination threshold (≥ 0.30) required for large-scale standardized tests. The item difficulty indices ranged from 0.41 to 0.89, most items falling within the moderate difficulty range (0.20-0.80). Therefore, it was concluded that ChatGPT can generate case-based anatomy MCQs with acceptable psychometric properties, offering a promising tool for medical educators. However, human expertise remains crucial for reviewing and refining AI-generated assessment items. Future research should explore AI-generated MCQs across various anatomy topics and investigate different AI models for question generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Student-Centered Flipped Classroom Approach in Medical Anatomy Teaching: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Qianyin Yao, Peiyi Zhu, Xintian Yu, Yatao Cheng, Weigang Cui, Qin Liu","doi":"10.1002/ca.24267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anatomy, a cornerstone of medical education, is crucial for cultivating clinical skills among medical students. However, traditional anatomy teaching models face challenges such as insufficient learning outcomes and inadequate preparation for clinical application. Flipped Classroom teaching methods, which combine the flexibility of online learning with interactivity within groups, can offer new ways of addressing these challenges. In this quasi-experimental study, a convenience sample of first-year clinical medical students was recruited and divided into an experimental group (EG, n = 67) and a control group (CG, n = 59). The EG received the Flipped Classroom (FC) teaching method, while the CG received traditional Face-to-Face (F2F) teaching throughout an 18-week basic anatomy course. The study compared knowledge proficiency, self-directed learning ability, and classroom participation between the two groups. The results revealed no significant differences in knowledge proficiency scores (t = 0.938, p = 0.35), but students in the EG obtained significantly higher scores for self-directed learning ability (t = 3.078, p < 0.05) and classroom participation (t = 3.936, p < 0.001) than students in the CG. Although there were no significant differences in participants' knowledge levels, students who received the Flipped Classroom model improved significantly in self-directed learning ability and classroom participation. This study not only provides practical guidance for educational practice but also offers empirical support for research on educational theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Anatomy is the basis of medical discourse”","authors":"R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hippocrates is credited with the title of this editorial. Other clinical anatomy resources have also used this quote to emphasize the importance of a firm basis in the morphological sciences as being important in the practice of medicine and surgery (Standring, <span>2016</span>).</p><p>Of the writings of Hippocrates, and where this quote can be found (Hipp. LocHom. 2), his <i>On Anatomy</i> is the shortest and was arranged to describe regional anatomy (Craik, <span>1998</span>).</p><p>Craik (<span>1998</span>) has described the writing of <i>On Anatomy</i> as “While the syntax is bald, telegraphic, and asyndetic, the vocabulary is recondite, and poetic. It is an unoriginal and uncritical summary of earlier anatomical works, incorporating Demokritean material.” This said, <i>On Anatomy</i> is an early view into the understanding of the human body, which has been studied since this ancient time. Such humble beginnings of our anatomical understanding have been used since to build upon and form the corpus of our current knowledge.</p><p>In this issue of <i>Clinical Anatomy</i>, multiple educational papers are sure to be of interest to the educator of the anatomical sciences. Additionally, papers such as one on the psychometric properties of the critical appraisal tool for anatomical meta-analysis will be useful to those who perform research in anatomy. Original studies are also included in this issue.</p><p>Live anatomically!</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ca.24270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Clinical Dentists on the Content and Methods of Gross Anatomy Education in Dentistry.","authors":"Da-Hye Kim, Jung-Hee Bae","doi":"10.1002/ca.24265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gross anatomy deals with the structure of the human body, and knowledge in this field is essential for dental staff so they can examine, diagnose, and treat patients accurately. In this study, clinical dentists were surveyed to obtain their opinions on the content and methods of gross anatomy education required for prospective dental staff and to identify differences in their perceptions in relation to their general characteristics. The study ultimately enrolled and analyzed 182 participants. The content of gross anatomy education was first divided into the whole body and the head and neck, each region being subdivided into local body parts (14 items) and detailed anatomical structures (22 items). The questions relating to gross anatomy education methods consisted of eight detailed items. Each item was quantified using a 5-point Likert scale. When the clinical dentists' opinions on the degree to which anatomy knowledge by body parts is necessary for work performance were assessed, the head received the highest score among the 14 parts (4.73 ± 0.58). In the head and neck region, the temporomandibular joint received the highest score (4.83 ± 0.55). Among gross anatomy education methods, practice using medical images such as radiographs received the highest score (4.52 ± 0.62). These results can help trainers select the content and methods of gross anatomy education needed for future dental clinical workers, strengthening their capabilities by providing knowledge that will be practically helpful in clinical work.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Study of the Retrodural Space of Okada in the Cervical Region: 3D Micro-CT Findings.","authors":"Tae-Hyeon Cho, Byongnam Jun, Shin Hyung Kim, Hun-Mu Yang","doi":"10.1002/ca.24269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retrodural space of Okada (RSO) is a potential space located posterior to the ligamentum flavum. It can complicate epidural injections owing to its communication with the epidural space and facet joints. The purpose of this study was to clarify the anatomical structures of the cervical RSO and adjacent ligamentous tissues in cadavers. Cervical spine specimens from 15 embalmed cadavers were used for serial sectional dissection, histological verification, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Micro-CT images of the RSO were acquired after phosphotungstic acid preparation at the C5-7 levels. The RSO was examined meticulously on the basis of its three-dimensional (3D) topography. The 3D shape of the cervical RSO was successfully visualized using micro-CT imaging reconstruction. It had clear anatomical communications with the epidural space, facet joints, and interspinous space. Histological examination confirmed the presence of loose connective tissue within the RSO, which probably facilitates these communications. This cadaveric study demonstrated the 3D shape of the cervical RSO and its communications with adjacent anatomical structures. Further clinical studies are needed to explore the potential implications of these findings for cervical epidural injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Anatomical Terminology in Dentistry Developed by a Consortium of Experts","authors":"Joe Iwanaga,&nbsp;Sergey L. Kabak,&nbsp;Puhan He,&nbsp;Yusuke Hamada,&nbsp;Shogo Kikuta,&nbsp;Yohei Takeshita,&nbsp;Rarinthorn Samrid,&nbsp;Thewarid Berkban,&nbsp;Norio Kitagawa,&nbsp;Junichiro Wada,&nbsp;Taku Toriumi,&nbsp;Yuki Matsushita,&nbsp;Soichiro Ibaragi,&nbsp;Mi-Sun Hur,&nbsp;Hee-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1002/ca.24260","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article aimed to develop evidence-based anatomical terminology in dentistry agreed upon by experts in multiple fields and ultimately to bridge anatomy and clinical dentistry. A comprehensive list of dental anatomical terminology was detailed in table format, and specific terms of interest were highlighted with their respective literature review. The presence of teeth is a unique feature of the oral cavity where dental professionals work. Dentistry is a highly specialized field focusing on preserving the health of dentition and its supporting and surrounding structures. Thus, “teeth” and “mouth” related anatomical terms must be very specialized for dentistry. Many of the terms highlighted were clinical dental or alveolar-related terms that were not clearly established in the general anatomical terminology. The authors hope the evidence-based anatomical terminology in dentistry developed by a consortium of experts will be generally accepted worldwide and ultimately bridge the fields of anatomy and clinical dentistry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"374-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Grit and Quit: Strategies to Prevent Burnout in Medical Students","authors":"Eng-Tat Ang,&nbsp;Suzanne Goh","doi":"10.1002/ca.24268","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24268","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Burnout among medical students and healthcare workers has reached alarming levels (Frajerman et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Tan et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Characterized by emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal accomplishment, burnout not only jeopardizes students' mental health but also impairs academic performance and patient care (Dyrbye et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Ilic et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). As the demands of medical education continue to intensify, effective strategies such as exercise and sleeping hygiene need to be explored to counter the risk of burnout (Boyd et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). This editorial examines the interplay between two seemingly opposing approaches, namely grit and quit. It proposes a nuanced framework for fostering student well-being and success.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Grit, defined as passion and perseverance for long-term goals (Duckworth et al. &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;), has been widely touted as a predictor of success in various domains including medicine and surgery (Huo et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Miller-Matero et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Ursua et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Gritty individuals demonstrate resilience, maintain focus in the face of setbacks, and work persistently towards their objectives (Fillmore &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). A longitudinal study showed that grit protects medical students from burnout (Jumat et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). However, an overemphasis on grit can lead to the “fallacy of sunk costs”, where students persist in unproductive or detrimental pursuits, neglecting their well-being (Arkes and Blumer &lt;span&gt;1985&lt;/span&gt;; Isenberg et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conversely, strategic quitting entails disengagement from commitments that no longer align with one's goals or values (Wrosch et al. &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). It requires self-awareness, prudent decision-making, and the courage to let go of burdensome obligations (Banatvala and Doyal &lt;span&gt;1998&lt;/span&gt;). While quitting often carries negative connotations, research suggests that the ability to abandon unattainable goals is associated with better psychological adjustment and physical health (Wrosch et al. &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). As Morgan (&lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;) puts it, “Less grit more quit” has its benefits (Morgan &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). The following Table 1 summarizes selected references that reveal how grit and quit could prevent burnout.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References results of research Grit to avoid burnout Quit to avoid burnout (Ursua et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;) Grit matters. Efforts count twice in one's achievement X (Wiskin et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). To grit or not beyond context? There will be times when students need to say “No” X (Harolds &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). A toxic learning environment could contribute to burnout. NA NA (Boyd et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Stress could induce burnout. Self-care measures such as exercise and sleep hygiene are needed. NA NA (Blanchard et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Emotional intelligence matters in preventing burnout. NA NA (Isenberg et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/s","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"370-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ca.24268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Peripheral Nerve Block Placement in Hip Surgery: A Cadaveric Study Mapping the Posterior Cutaneous Innervation.","authors":"Ziki Gurney, Kenneth Saw Kai Wei, Leia Boote, Daniel Gareth Stolady, Benjamin Fox, Alan R Norrish","doi":"10.1002/ca.24262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.24262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing analgesia after hip surgery enables more rapid recovery. However, peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) often fail to provide adequate pain relief in the posterolateral hip as they typically target the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (LCNT). This study aimed to map the nerves innervating the posterolateral hip through analysis of anatomy textbooks (n = 5) and cadaveric dissections (n = 13). The subcostal (SCN), iliohypogastric (IHN), and ilioinguinal (IIN) nerves were identified as key contributors to innervating the posterolateral hip. The optimal site for ultrasound-guided PNBs to target these three nerves was identified at the \"75/25\" landmark: 75% horizontally along the 12th rib and 25% vertically down to the iliac crest. Ultrasound-guided dye injections in cadavers (n = 6) showed that while the \"75/25\" landmark effectively stained the SCN (6/6) and IHN (4/6), it inconsistently stained the IIN (2/6). A second injection in the posterolateral hip stained branches of the IHN (4/6) and IIN (4/6) but not the SCN (1/6), suggesting the IHN and IIN are the dominant nerves in the posterolateral hip. These findings recommend a more distal injection at the \"100/75\" landmark to consistently block the IHN and IIN, thereby optimizing postoperative analgesia after hip surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Anatomy Is a Living Wholeness of Function…Not Static Academic Structure”","authors":"R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The title of this issue's editorial is taken from a quote from Dr. James Jealous and, in its entirety, reads,</p><p>“Anatomy is a living wholeness of function and should be seen as a mystery of form, not static academic structure.”</p><p>Taken together, these quotes support the endeavor of this issue of Clinical Anatomy, which includes papers that support our trajectory as educators and scientists in the anatomical sciences.</p><p>Hunter W. Two introductory lectures, delivered by Dr. William Hunter; to his last course of anatomical lectures, at his theatre in Windmill Street: as they were left corrected for the press by himself. To which are added, some papers relating to Dr. Hunter's intended plan, for establishing a museum in London, for the improvement of anatomy, surgery, and physic. London: Printed by order of the Trustees, for J. Johnson 1784:64–65.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 2","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ca.24264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex: An Anatomical and Medical Illustration Study","authors":"Hallie Tiburzi,&nbsp;Carlos A. G. Machado,&nbsp;Massimo S. D’Antoni,&nbsp;R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1002/ca.24261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ca.24261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advances in small-joint arthroscopy and cutting-edge magnetic resonance imaging systems have enabled orthopedic surgeons to perform more complex repairs of the wrist. Such repairs can include those of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) of the wrist that necessitates a reappraisal of its morphometry with special emphasis on the relationship between its articular disc (AD) and surrounding tissues. The TFCC AD is a fibrocartilaginous, biconcave structure located between the ulnar styloid process and the carpal bones of the wrist. We carefully dissected and measured the ADs of 58 wrists from 34 embalmed cadavers (20 females, 14 males) and fabricated three-dimensional biofidelic plastic models of them. Precise measurements of the ADs were taken that included length, width, and thickness at five standardized points. For the entire sample, the mean length and width of left ADs were 18.09 and 9.60 mm, respectively, while right ADs averaged 18.63 mm in length and 9.93 mm in width. Significant differences were found between male and female ADs on the right and left sides (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). After the data were further analyzed and casts fabricated, a medical illustrator created novel anatomical illustrations to clarify structures that form the TFCC and help illuminate its complex anatomy. Our study provides valuable morphometric data of the AD and detailed novel medical illustrations of the entire TFCC, enhancing our understanding of its morphology for both educational and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50687,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Anatomy","volume":"38 3","pages":"362-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}