Clinical & Translational Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Early access to medicines in Spain: a retrospective hospital study with a proposal for a regulatory change.","authors":"Jose Porcel-Maleno, Gerard Ronda-Roca, Arantxa Sancho-López, Mónica Lobo-Palomar, Lourdes Gutierrez-Sanz, Gustavo Adolfo Centeno-Soto, Cristina Avendaño-Solá, Concepcion Payares-Herrera","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04349-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04349-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medicines awaiting price and reimbursement (P&R) decisions represent a delicate situation in the Spanish NHS. The interval between marketing authorisation (MA) and PR averages 616 days, leaving patients without standard access to EU-approved treatments for almost 2 years, despite their eventual availability. While early access before MA is regulated, no framework exists for the period between MA and PR. Responsibility for funding falls to hospitals or autonomous regions, with no harmonised criteria, leading to inequities in access.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe our access model to medicines in special situations (MSS), and to evaluate the clinical and regulatory implications of this procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 2-year retrospective review of MSS access requests. Our tertiary hospital uses a transparent pathway: clinicians submit a consultation to Clinical Pharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy; departments issue independent reports to Hospital Administration, which decides, considering individual justification, clinical need, early access, and treatment benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 295 request were received, and 78 involved products pending PR decision. Of them, 73 (93.6%) were granted local access. Subsequently, PR status changed to regular access in 64.1% of these requests (50/78), ensuring early access for 62.8% of patients (49/78). Onco-haematological patients granted early access showed an overall disease control rate of 63%, with a median survival of 16 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Until legislation regulates access to medicines awaiting reimbursement, or decision times are reduced, implementing robust local procedures is essential to guarantee fair and equitable MSS access, particularly for patients requiring treatment before national PR resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4903-4914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147730490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and prognostic factors in pleural mesothelioma: insights from a Latin American cohort.","authors":"Ricardo Brugés, Carlos Carvajal, Marcela Núñez, Alejandra Navarrete, Rafael Parra-Medina","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04337-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04337-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleural mesothelioma (PM) remains a lethal but preventable disease whose burden is shifting toward low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where asbestos use has persisted or has only recently been banned. This study describes the clinical characteristics, management patterns, and prognostic factors of PM in a contemporary Colombian cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with histologically confirmed pleural mesothelioma diagnosed at a tertiary referral cancer center in Bogotá, Colombia, from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2023. Overall survival (OS) was defined from the histologic diagnosis date to death from any cause; patients without a recorded death were censored at the last documented oncologic contact. Real-world progression-free survival (PFS) was defined from diagnosis to documented progression (radiologic or clinician-documented) or death, whichever occurred first; patients without progression or death were censored at last contact. Survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 106 patients (mean age, 63.2 years; 73.6% male; 84.9% epithelioid histology). There were 105 deaths (1 OS censor). Median OS was 9.9 months (95% CI, 7.1-14.1), with 12- and 24 month OS of 46.2% and 12.3%. Real-world PFS included 105 events (1 PFS censor). Median PFS was 8.1 months (95% CI, 6.2-9.4), with 12- and 24 month PFS of 30.2% and 6.6%. In multivariable analyses focused on baseline prognostic factors, ECOG performance status 2-3 was associated with shorter OS and PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this contemporary Colombian cohort, OS and PFS were short, and baseline functional status was strongly associated with outcomes. Treatment-stratified survival patterns are reported descriptively and should not be interpreted as comparative effectiveness. These data add regional evidence for pleural mesothelioma prognosis in routine practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4839-4848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: current and emerging therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Parul Ahuja, Lokesh Kadian, Sandeep Goyal, Ritu Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04385-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04385-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a complex, aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy with trends rising rapidly worldwide. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are the leading risk factors associated with the occurrence of HNSCC. Standard treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection, are often associated with severe side effects and limited success, particularly in advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease. Though the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has reshaped the management of recurrent or metastatic disease, the clinical impact remains limited as a majority of patients do not achieve expected prognosis, attributed to a \"cold\" tumor microenvironment. Therefore, to enhance the clinical outcomes of HNSCC patients, it is priority to investigate more effective and well-tolerated targeted medicines. This review provides insights about the current treatment strategies, challenges associated with these traditional approaches along with shedding light on the state-of-the-art HNSCC treatment modalities such as advanced surgery, immunotherapy, epigenetics and cancer stem cell targeting, etc. Moreover, therapies involving varied sophisticated combinations of the abovementioned conventional approaches and these advanced treatment modalities have yielded better HNSCC prognosis in multiple preclinical and clinical settings. Continued multidisciplinary research targeting molecular pathways and innovative drug delivery systems hold the potential to remarkably enhance treatment efficacy while preserving patient's quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4389-4418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tozasertib + cisplatin inhibits proliferation, migration, and induces apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma cells.","authors":"Chunqin Tian, Lichun Cui, Xiaoyan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04358-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04358-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy is often restricted by the development of drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Aurora kinase inhibitors have emerged as promising chemosensitizers in various cancers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>It was to investigate the impact of the kinase inhibitor Tozasertib (VX-680) on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and its synergistic mechanism with cisplatin (CDDP) in inducing senescence in esophageal cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experiments were conducted using human esophageal cancer cell lines TE-1 and KYSE150, with the following groups: blank control, Tozasertib monotherapy, CDDP monotherapy, Tozasertib combined with CDDP, and a positive control group of CDDP + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (3 μM CDDP + 30 μM 5-fluorouracil). Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, and protein levels of all groups were compared and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tozasertib + CDDP group (0.08 μM Tozasertib + 0.75 μg/mL CDDP) demonstrated significantly reduced cell proliferation rates (41.6% ± 2.9% in TE-1 cells and 38.2% ± 3.1% in KYSE150 cells) and migration rates (7.3% ± 1.8% in TE-1 and 8.5% ± 1.4% in KYSE150), with superior efficacy compared to monotherapy groups (P < 0.05). The Tozasertib + CDDP group exhibited the highest apoptosis rate at 48 h (TE-1: 44.6% ± 4.5%; KYSE150: 42.3% ± 4.4%, P < 0.05). Conditioned medium from the Tozasertib + CDDP group showed the strongest inhibitory effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation (total tube length: 3220 ± 401 pixels for TE-1-derived and 3390 ± 388 pixels for KYSE150-derived, P < 0.01). Western blot analysis revealed significant upregulation of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 (P < 0.05), along with marked downregulation of pro-caspase-3, phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cyclin B1, and c-Myc expression (P < 0.05) in the Tozasertib + CDDP group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, aurora kinase inhibitor combined with CDDP could suppress the ERK pathway to affect the biological process of esophageal carcinoma cells. Versus a simple drug, a drug combination could effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of esophageal carcinoma cells, promote apoptosis, reduce angiogenesis, and induce cell cycle arrest.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4714-4727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Androgen receptor pathway inhibitor intensification in non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: current evidence and clinical implications.","authors":"Patricia Willisch, Beatriz Vázquez-Barreiro, Ana Plata, Irene Cienfuegos Belmonte, Gloria Guardia, Rocío Del Castillo-Acuña, Giulio Francolini, Ciro Franzese, José Daniel Subiela Henríquez, Felipe Couñago, Fernando López-Campos","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04350-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04350-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men. Although frequently diagnosed at localized stages, a substantial proportion present high-risk features associated with biochemical recurrence and progression. In non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (nmHSPC), standard treatment has traditionally consisted of local therapy combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but recent advances have reshaped the therapeutic landscape. The addition of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) to ADT has demonstrated substantial survival benefits in metastatic hormone-sensitive disease, providing the rationale for exploring treatment intensification in earlier stages. Modern imaging techniques, particularly PSMA PET, enable detection of occult metastatic disease influencing treatment selection. Emerging evidence from randomized and phase II-III studies suggests that ARPI intensification combined with radiotherapy, surgery, or salvage approaches may improve disease control in selected high-risk nmHSPC populations. This narrative review summarizes the evidence supporting ARPI intensification in nmHSPC and discusses the clinical implications of recent advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4376-4388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of radiotherapy on quality of life reported by elderly patients.","authors":"Pilar MªSamper Ots, Carolina de la Pinta, Dolores de Las Peñas Cabrera, Miriam Palomas Moreno, Lucia Tueros Farfán, Lidia Gómez Perea, Carla Sánchez Cortés, Andrea Bobo Jaureguizar, José Luis Monroy Antón","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04298-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04298-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives and purposes: </strong>To determine the impact of radical radiotherapy (RT) treatment on the quality of life reported by elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective multicenter study was conducted in 8 national centers. Patients over 70 years old who had an indication for radical RT were included. All patients were initially assessed with the Geriatric-8 (G8) scale, ECOG PS, Nutriscore, SARC_F (sarcopenia questionnaire), and completed two patient-reported outcomes measure (PROMs) questionnaires: the EORTC_QLQ_C30 and the EORTC_ELD_14 quality of life (QoL), at baseline, at the end of RT, and 3 months later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 156 patients with a mean age of 77 years (range 70-93) were included. The characteristics of the patients are as follows: 65.4% are men, 45.5% have prostate cancer, 20% breast cancer, and 12.2% lung cancer. The baseline PROMs show general health status of patients >70 years with some deterioration (73.5 ± 20.3). Patients also present deterioration in physical function (85.29 ± 19.94), emotional function (81.02 ± 21.28), and maintenance of purpose (70.94 ± 30.5), and the most frequent baseline symptoms are constipation, fatigue, insomnia, worries about others, future worries, disease burden, and joint stiffness. The prognostic factors that increase the risk of these alterations are ECOG PS >1, female sex, diabetes, dyslipidemia, pulmonary pathology, cognitive impairment, and especially the risk of sarcopenia. When comparing PROMs at the beginning and at the end of oncological treatment, a significant deterioration in role function (89.86 vs. 85.62, p = 0.004) and an increase in fatigue (19.89 vs. 25.78, p = 0.002) are observed. While the PROMs at 3 months show improvement in all functions and symptoms, statistically significant improvement was only found in emotional function (84 vs. 89.26, p = 0.000), fatigue (25.87 vs. 20.4, p = 0.001), loss of appetite (12.75 vs. 6.7, p = 0.003), and maintenance of purpose (68 vs. 73.6, p = 0.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older patients, due to their comorbidities, already have alterations in QoL, with sarcopenia being an important factor. Cancer treatment further deteriorates QoL in a significant way, role function and fatigue, but 3 months after the treatment, improvements in QoL, significantly emotional function, fatigue, loss of appetite and maintenance of purpose are observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4927-4936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) practice patterns for spine metastases in Spain: a national survey by the SRS/SBRT SEOR (Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology) Working Group.","authors":"Rafael García, Maria José Pérez-Calatayud, Eva Corrales, Cristina Prieto, Sara Vázquez, Virginia García, Iñigo San Miguel, Carolina de la Pinta, Virginia Morillo, Jose Luis Monroy, Marina Peña, Luis Sopeña, Beatriz Quiles, Héctor Pérez-Montero, Gonzalo Rodríguez, Arturo Navarro, María Veiras, Jesús Blanco, Paula Blasco, Amalia Palacios, Luis Larrea, Javier Aristu, José Expósito, Sergi Benavente, Raquel Ciérvide","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04326-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04326-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the clinical practice in the treatment of spine metastases using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) among members of the SEOR (Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology) SRS/SBRT Working Goup to gather comprehensive data on clinical protocols, equipment usage, and treatment parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A 31-question electronic survey via Google Forms platform was distributed to members of the Working Group, with responses collected from 24 Spanish institutions, representing 1 per institution. This study aimed to assess demographic profiles, equipment, treatment protocols, immobilization techniques, dose and fractionation schedules, IGRT practices, and prescription criteria for spine SBRT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents (64.3%) were radiation oncologists with over 10 years of experience. The predominant equipment used was C-LINAC (85.7%). Most institutions (96.4%) had specific protocols for spine metastases management. The Spine Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was used by 85.7% of the surveyed for evaluating vertebral stability. According to the number of contiguous spine metastases treated, 81.5% treated up to two. Guidelines from Cox et al. and ESTRO were followed by 96.4% for intact spine metastases, with 81% adhering to Redmond et al. for adjuvant SBRT. Among the 24 surveyed centers, 32.1% used a single dose, 48.1% 2 fractions, 96.3% 3 fractions, and 74.1% 5 fractions. IGRT systems included CBCT (71.4%), X-ray (10.7%), and CBCT and X-ray (25%). The majority of responders (66.7%) indicated coverage of 95% of the PTV with 95-100% of the prescribed dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This survey highlights significant variability in equipment, protocols, and practices for spine SBRT among Spanish institutions. Standardization of treatment approaches could enhance consistency and oncologic outcomes in spine SBRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4885-4891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the measurement and valuation of oncological treatments in Spain: recommendations and call to action.","authors":"Maria Rosario García-Campelo, Jesús Corral, Fernando Moreno, Andrés Munoz, Jesús M Balea, Begoña Barragán, Jordi Ginés, Fernando Gutiérrez Nicolás, Bruno Sangro, Eva Martín Martin-Sánchez, Marta Trapero-Bertran","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04323-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04323-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The evaluation of innovative oncology medicines presents significant challenges related to the selection of appropriate clinical endpoints and the sufficiency of evidence, particularly in therapeutic areas, such as immunotherapies, targeted treatments, single-arm trials, and tumor-agnostic therapies. In these contexts, the added value of new treatments is often not adequately captured by traditional clinical trial endpoints, such as overall survival (OS), which remains the gold standard in oncology assessment. This article aims to analyze the main sources of uncertainty in the value assessment of oncology therapies in Spain, with a focus on the limitations of current endpoints and evidence-generation processes, and to provide recommendations for enhancing the recognition and assessment of additional clinical benefit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A multidisciplinary expert panel composed of twelve professionals, including medical oncologists, hospital pharmacists, health economists, and patient representatives, was convened to identify and discuss key sources of uncertainty in the value assessment of oncology treatments, particularly those related to clinical endpoint selection and evidence generation. The panel participated in three structured plenary sessions. Additional external experts were engaged to provide complementary input in areas, such as tumor-specific characteristics and statistical methodology. Consensus statements were developed through an iterative process of discussion, critical appraisal, and refinement across and between sessions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The expert panel issued twelve recommendations to improve value assessment in oncology. These include tailoring clinical endpoints to treatment type, tumor characteristics, and stage; complementing overall survival with milestone analysis and quality-of-life measures; and standardizing real-world evidence collection across the healthcare system. The panel advocated for a national portfolio of prioritized endpoints, appropriate statistical methods by context, and the conditional use of early-phase data for decision-making. Additional recommendations addressed the use of synthetic control arms, flexible reimbursement models, advanced analytics (e.g., AI and Big Data), evaluator expertise, and the promotion of stakeholder training and transparency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Addressing the challenges of clinical endpoint selection and evidence generation is essential to reduce uncertainty in the value assessment of innovative oncology treatments. The twelve expert recommendations outlined in this study provide a structured roadmap to improve methodological consistency, enhance the relevance and robustness of clinical and real-world data, and promote a more adaptive and transparent evaluation framework. These proposals aim to support more evidence-based, equitable, and sustainable decision-making within the Spanish healthcare syst","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4947-4957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperprogressive disease in carcinoma induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review.","authors":"JiaJu Xu, ChunXiao Ni, Lidong Qin, Ping Wang, JiaJu Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04330-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04330-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has ushered in a new era of tumor immunotherapy. These agents function by specifically binding to immune checkpoints, blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway, and inhibiting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) signaling. This action suppresses the negative immune regulatory mechanisms of tumors, prevents immune escape, and activates T cells. Consequently, ICI treatment restores the cytotoxic activity of effector T cells against tumor cells, exerts antitumor effects, delays tumor progression, and ultimately prolongs patient survival while improving clinical outcomes. ICIs have now been approved for first-line or second-line treatment of various malignancies. However, in some patients, immunotherapy not only fails to confer a survival benefit but may also lead to rapid tumor progression shortly after treatment initiation, a phenomenon clinically known as hyperprogressive disease (HPD). Currently, research on the underlying mechanisms, predictive biomarkers, and effective therapeutic strategies for HPD remains limited. This article comprehensively reviews the definition, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and potential predictive markers of HPD, including inflammatory and immune-related biomarkers, clinical factors, and tumor-related markers. The objective of this study is to provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the early identification of HPD and the optimization of clinical treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4419-4460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Textbook outcome in ovarian cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Silvia Carbonell-Morote, Pedro Antonio Cascales-Campos, Álvaro Arjona-Sánchez, Juan Jesús Rubio, Celia Villodre, Francisco Javier Lacueva, José Manuel Ramia","doi":"10.1007/s12094-026-04378-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-026-04378-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Textbook Outcome (TO) has emerged as a composite quality metric in oncologic surgery, but its role in ovarian cancer-related peritoneal carcinomatosis remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the definitions, achievement rates, and clinical relevance of TO in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies evaluating composite outcomes or TO in ovarian cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis were included. Data on study characteristics, TO definitions, achievement rates, and associations with oncologic outcomes were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 47 identified records, three observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Definitions of TO varied across studies but consistently included complete cytoreduction as a core component. TO achievement rates ranged from 20.5% to 55.9%. Two studies demonstrated a significant association between TO achievement and improved overall survival, while one population-based study highlighted substantial inter-hospital variability in TO rates. All included studies were rated as having good methodological quality according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite heterogeneity in definitions, TO appears to be a promising composite quality indicator, although current evidence remains limited and should be interpreted with caution in ovarian cancer surgery with peritoneal carcinomatosis and is consistently associated with improved oncologic outcomes. These findings support the need for an internationally standardized definition of TO to facilitate benchmarking, quality improvement, and future prospective research in this complex clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"4706-4713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}