Clinical & Translational Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Salivary biomarkers: a promising approach for predicting immunotherapy response in head and neck cancers.","authors":"Armin Nejat Dehkordi, Moein Maddahi, Parinaz Vafa, Nasim Ebrahimi, Amir Reza Aref","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03742-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03742-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck cancers, including cancers of the mouth, throat, voice box, salivary glands, and nose, are a significant global health issue. Radiotherapy and surgery are commonly used treatments. However, due to treatment resistance and disease recurrence, new approaches such as immunotherapy are being explored. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise, but patient responses vary, necessitating predictive markers to guide appropriate treatment selection. This study investigates the potential of non-invasive biomarkers found in saliva, oral rinses, and tumor-derived exosomes to predict ICI response in head and neck cancer patients. The tumor microenvironment significantly impacts immunotherapy efficacy. Oral biomarkers can provide valuable information on composition, such as immune cell presence and checkpoint expression. Elevated tumor mutation load is also associated with heightened immunogenicity and ICI responsiveness. Furthermore, the oral microbiota may influence treatment outcomes. Current research aims to identify predictive salivary biomarkers. Initial studies indicate that tumor-derived exosomes and miRNAs present in saliva could identify immunosuppressive pathways and predict ICI response. While tissue-based markers like PD-L1 have limitations, combining multiple oral fluid biomarkers could create a robust panel to guide treatment decisions and advance personalized immunotherapy for head and neck cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1887-1920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a relatively accurate gastric cancer high-risk group screening scoring system in urban residents.","authors":"Weipeng Zhao, Tian Li, Ping Wang, Rui Zhang, Fan Gao, Zongfeng Ma, Siqi Zhen, Feng Liu, Yanliu Chu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03748-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03748-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our study aimed to develop a relatively accurate gastric cancer (GC) screening score system for urban residents and to validate the screening efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study included a derivation cohort (n = 3406) and a validation cohort (n = 868) of urban residents. Applying the full-stack engineering intelligent system platform of Hualian Health Big Data of Shandong University, the clinical physical examination data of subjects were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for GC, and subsequently, an optimal prediction rule was established to create three distinct scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the GC-risk scoring system I, age, plateletocrit (PCT), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), glucose, albumin, creatinine were independent risk factors of GC, with scores ranging from 0 to 28 and optimal cut-off was 15.5. The second scoring system consisted of age, PCT, RDW-CV, CEA, glucose, albumin, and creatinine, with scores ranging from 0 to 31. The optimal cut-off point was determined to be 15.5. The scoring system III comprise of age, sex, PCT, RDW CV, CEA, glucose, with scores ranging from 0 to 21 and optimal cut-off was 10.5. All three scoring systems demonstrated excellent discrimination for GC, achieving an AUC of 0.884, 0.89, and 0.876, respectively. In external validation, the AUC values were 0.654, 0.658, and 0.714. Notably, the GC-risk scoring system III exhibited the highest screening efficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Urban residents benefited from the effective and verified GC-risk scoring systems, which demonstrated excellent performance in identifying individuals with an elevated risk of GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2269-2280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Early region‑specific impact of adjuvant radiation therapy on cognition and quality of life in adult patients with primary brain tumors.","authors":"Beatriz Gutiérrez-García, Cynthia M Cáceres, Fidel Núñez-Marín, Jaume Molero, Lluis Prats, Neus Mestre, Silvia Martínez, Pilar Teixidor, Silvia Comas, Carme Balañà, Salvador Villà","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03810-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03810-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2358-2365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence trends, overall survival, and metastasis prediction using multiple machine learning and deep learning techniques in pediatric and adolescent population with osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma: nomogram and webpage.","authors":"Chengyuan Zhou, Han Li, Hao Zeng, Pan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03717-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03717-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma (OSC) and Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) in a pediatric and adolescent population, employing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models to predict the likelihood of metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Involving 2465 OSC and 1373 EWS patients aged 0-19 years, from 2004 to 2020. ML techniques-Lasso, Ridge Regression, Elastic Net, and Random Forest-were used alongside a deep learning model based on TensorFlow and Keras, to construct predictive models for metastasis. These models were optimized using grid search with cross-validation and evaluated on their performance metrics, including AUC, sensitivity, and accuracy. The variables' importance in metastasis prediction was determined using SHAP values. Statistical analysis was performed using R software, and an online nomogram was developed for clinical use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-adjusted incidence of OSC and EWS from 2004 to 2020 showed a significant uptrend. The deep learning model, iterated 50 times, outperformed the Random Forest model in both loss and accuracy stabilization. The nomogram created demonstrated accurate survival predictions, as evidenced by its calibration curves and the distinction between high and low-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The increasing trend in age-adjusted incidence of OSC and EWS highlights the need for continued research and improved therapeutic strategies in this domain. The study employed ML and DL models to predict distant metastasis in pediatric and adolescent patients with OSC and EWS, providing a valuable tool for prognosis. The online nomogram developed as a part of this research enhances the models' clinical utility, offering an accessible means for clinicians to predict survival outcomes effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2327-2338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer cell-extrinsic STING shapes immune-active microenvironment and predicts clinical outcome in gastric cancer.","authors":"Ye Wei, Quanguang Ren, Pengbo Hu, You Zou, Wei Yao, Hong Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03726-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03726-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The activation of cGAS-STING pathway can be triggered by cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in tumor and non-tumor compartments. We aim to assess the constitutive expression of dsDNA-cGAS-STING axis in different cellular contexts and compare their relative contribution to clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 154 cases of patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer were enrolled in this study to evaluate the histo-score of cytosolic dsDNA, cGAS, and STING via immunohistochemistry as well as the types and densities of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Kaplan-Meier method, multivariable regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve were implemented to analyze the prognostic efficacy of dsDNA-cGAS-STING axis in distinct compartments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The supra-normal concentration of cytosolic dsDNA correlated with the constitutive expression of cGAS-STING pathway in tumor compartments. In contrast to the lack of STING within cancer cells, the higher STING expression in non-tumor compartments indicated a transcellular cGAS-STING activation. Cancer cell-extrinsic STING was supported to potentiate nucleic acid immunity by sensing tumor-derived dsDNA fragments. Compartmental analyses also confirmed that the level of STING expressed in non-tumor cells was associated with the infiltration of protective immune cells, leading to the prolonged overall survival. Multivariate analysis further identified the independent prognostic value of cancer cell-extrinsic STING and its predictive accuracy could be significantly improved in combination with the immune cell infiltration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cancer cell-extrinsic STING facilitates the remodeling of immune-active tumor microenvironment and acts as an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2281-2291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caveolin-1 modulates cisplatin sensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma through ferroptosis.","authors":"Weilin Zhang, Xinyi Yang, Wei Lin, Yang Yi, Hai Wu, Jiangying Yang, Hongman Long, Guanglan Zou, Yadong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03724-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03724-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is widely used for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but drug resistance and decreased sensitivity often occur during the treatment, greatly weakening its therapeutic effect. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), a protein related to ferroptosis, is involved in regulating the resistance and sensitivity of various tumor chemotherapies. This study aims to investigate whether CAV1 can regulate the sensitivity of OSCC to cisplatin through ferroptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through bioinformatics analysis, we analyzed the expression of CAV1 in OSCC and its impact on prognosis analyzed the relationship between CAV1 and tumor immune infiltration, and verified the expression of CAV1 in OSCC through immunohistochemistry experiments. We silenced the expression of CAV1 in OSCC cells through lentiviral transfection and evaluated the cell migration and invasion abilities through wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. CCK8 assay was used to assess the sensitivity of cells to cisplatin, and ferroptosis-related biochemical marker changes were measured. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a high expression of CAV1 in OSCC, and its high expression predicted poor prognosis in OSCC. CAV1 is associated with drug metabolism pathways in OSCC, and its expression affects the infiltration levels of various immune cells in tumors. Further experiments indicated that CAV1 can inhibit ferroptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in cancer cells, promoting their migration and invasion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAV1 promotes the progression of OSCC and can affect the sensitivity of cisplatin by regulating cellular ferroptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2160-2173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of M2 macrophage-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and revealing different immunotherapy response in bladder cancer patients.","authors":"Zhouting Tuo, Mingzhu Gao, Chao Jiang, Duobing Zhang, Xin Chen, Zhiwei Jiang, Jinyou Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03698-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03698-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer development is closely associated with the dynamic interaction and communication between M2 macrophages and tumor cells. However, specific biomarkers for targeting M2 macrophages in immunotherapy remain limited and require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we identified key co-expressed genes in M2 macrophages and developed gene signatures to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients. Public database provided the bioinformatics data used in the analysis. We created and verified an M2 macrophage-related gene signature in these datasets using Lasso-Cox analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predictive value and immunological functions of our risk model were examined in bladder cancer patients, and 158 genes were found to be significantly positively correlated with M2 macrophages. Moreover, we identified two molecular subgroups of bladder cancer with markedly different immunological profiles and clinical prognoses. The five key risk genes identified in this model were validated, including CALU, ECM1, LRP1, CYTL1, and CCDC102B, demonstrating the model can accurately predict prognosis and identify unique responses to immunotherapy in patients with bladder cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, we constructed and validated a five-gene signature related to M2 macrophages, which shows strong potential for forecasting bladder cancer prognosis and immunotherapy response.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2191-2206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of genomic alternations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-T790M-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with acquired resistance to osimertinib therapy.","authors":"Ping-Chih Hsu, John Wen-Cheng Chang, Li-Chung Chiu, Cheng-Ta Yang, Scott Chih-Hsi Kuo, Yueh-Fu Fang, Chiao-En Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03727-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03727-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Genomic alterations after resistance to osimertinib therapy in advanced T790M-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are complex and poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to detect these genomic alternations via comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) of tissue and liquid biopsies.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>From September 2020 to June 2021, 31 stage IIIB/IV T790M-mutated NSCLC patients who exhibited progressive disease after osimertinib therapy and provided written informed consent were recruited. Liquid and tissue biopsy samples for NGS testing were collected from 31 and 18 patients, respectively. Eighteen study patients had paired NGS data from tissue and liquid biopsies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With respect to the T790M mutation status, the preservation and loss rates were 33% and 67%, respectively, in both liquid and tissue biopsy samples. Five patients (16.1%) had the C797S mutation (4 liquid samples and 1 tissue sample). Two (6.5%) had MET mutations, 3 (9.7%) had BRAF-V600E mutations, and 1 (3.2%) had a KRAS-G12C mutation. Among the 18 patients who underwent tissue rebiopsies, those with preserved T790M mutation had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) with osimertinib therapy than those with T790M mutation loss (10.8 vs. 5.0 months, P = 0.045). Among all patients, those with T790M mutation loss in liquid biopsy samples had longer PFS after osimertinib therapy (10.8 vs. 7.5 months, P = 0.209) and postprogression survival (17.7 vs. 9.6 months, P = 0.132) than those with preserved T790M mutation based on liquid biopsies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NGS using either tissue or liquid biopsy samples from advanced T790M-mutated NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to osimertinib therapy can detect various genomic alternations. Future studies focusing on subsequent tailored therapies on the basis of NGS results are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1967-1979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Certification system for multidisciplinary thoracic tumour boards.","authors":"Mariano Provencio, Juan José Arenas-Jiménez, Angel Cilleruelo Ramos, Alberto Fernández Villar, Antonio Gómez Caamaño, Maria Guirado, José Antonio Marqués, Lara Pijuan, Alfredo Sánchez, Cristina Teixidó, Bartomeu Massutí","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03718-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03718-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Spain, lung cancer (LC) is the fourth most common cancer. Managing LC involves different professionals, and cooperative and coordinated work is crucial. Therefore, important decisions are better made by Multidisciplinary Thoracic Tumour Boards (MTTBs). On the other hand, certification systems have proven to improve the structure of care, ultimately having a positive impact on patient survival. Herein, a multidisciplinary working group of 11 experts (a Radiologist, a Thoracic Surgeon, a Pulmonologist, a Radiotherapy Oncologist, four Medical Oncologists, a Hospital Managing Director, a Cytologist, and a Molecular Biologist specialist) proposed a standard to certify and evaluate MTTBs. The following components were suggested for the standard: minimum requirements for the MTTB, a mixed model developed in two stages (preparation and audit), a structure comprising three groups of indicators (Strategic and Management, Support, and Operational), three certification levels, and an audit process. In our opinion, certifying MTTBs is critical to improve the standard of care for LC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2037-2040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor microenvironment as a complex milieu driving cancer progression: a mini review.","authors":"Zhengrui Li, Jing Li, Xiaolei Bai, Xufeng Huang, Qi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03697-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03697-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been spotlighted that the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) is crucial for comprehending cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, this comprehensive review elucidates the intricate architecture of the TME, which encompasses tumor cells, immune components, support cells, and a myriad of bioactive molecules. These constituents collectively foster dynamic interactions that underpin tumor growth, metastasis, and nuanced responses to anticancer therapies. Notably, the TME's role extends beyond mere physical support, serving as a critical mediator in cancer-cell evolution, immune modulation, and treatment outcomes. Innovations targeting the TME, including strategies focused on the vasculature, immune checkpoints, and T-cell therapies, have forged new pathways for clinical intervention. However, the heterogeneity and complexity of the TME present significant challenges, necessitating deeper exploration of its components and their interplay to enhance therapeutic efficacy. This review underscores the imperative for integrated research strategies that amalgamate insights from tumor biology, immunology, and systems biology. Such an approach aims to refine cancer treatments and improve patient prognoses by exploiting the TME's complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1943-1952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}