Clinical & Translational Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of telomerase expression in melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: correlation with clinical parameters.","authors":"Tuqa Nasser Alsurhi, Asem Shalaby, Shadia Al-Sinawi, Mohamed Mabruk","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-03876-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-025-03876-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The expression of the hTERT component of the human telomerase is elevated in different types of malignancies, including skin cancer. Early diagnosis of malignant melanoma is necessary to improve the prognosis of the disease. Although there are many diagnostic biomarkers for malignant melanoma, none is accurate, specific, and sensitive. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the expression rate and patterns of the hTERT component of human telomerase in melanoma and to compare this with squamous cell carcinoma as a common non melanoma skin cancer to investigate the potential of using telomerase as a molecular biomarker for the early diagnosis of this tumor. Additionally, the study compared the telomerase expression in these two tumor types with varying clinicopathological parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study, a total of 348 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays samples consisting of cutaneous melanoma (n = 189), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 115), and normal human skin samples (n = 44) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of the hTERT component of human telomerase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 189 melanoma cases, 97 (51.3%) showed positive telomerase expression in contrast to detection of telomerase expression only in 3 out of 115 (2.6%) squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples. The telomerase was expressed only in 5 out of 44 normal human skins.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data indicate that telomerase expression is significantly more pronounced in melanoma compared to squamous cell carcinoma. These findings may support the potential utilization of telomerase as a biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of melanoma which can lead to timely treatment and enhances a better outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"3763-3769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSA reduction as predictor of biochemical relapse in low and favourable intermediate prostate cancer treated with radical radiotherapy.","authors":"Andrea Gaetano Allegra, Luca Nicosia, Alessandro Molinari, Chiara De-Colle, Christian Fierro, Niccolò Giaj-Levra, Francesca Giannetti, Claudia Menichelli, Carolina Orsatti, Gabriella Pastore, Edoardo Pastorello, Francesco Ricchetti, Michele Rigo, Andrea Romei, Paola Zuccoli, Alessandro Fanelli, Filippo Alongi","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-03884-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-025-03884-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radiation therapy (RT) is standard treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics, particularly PSA reduction (PSAr) after RT, are emerging as significant prognostic indicators for biochemical control. This retrospective multi-institutional study explores the correlation between PSAr and biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS). This retrospective multi-institutional study explores the correlation between PSAr and biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>251 low-to-intermediate risk PCa patients treated with RT only were analyzed. Isoeffective RT schedules were: 39 fractions × 2 Gy, 28 × 2.55 Gy, 16 × 3.5 Gy, 5 × 7 Gy. Main objective was BRFS, defined as the time from PSA nadir (PSAn) to PSAn plus 2 ng/ml. PSAr was defined as the percentage of total PSA reduction from baseline. The optimal PSAr cut-off value was defined as 90%. Patients were stratified by PSAr, baseline PSA, Gleason Score (GS), and RT schedules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GS was 3 + 3 in 120 (48%) patients and 3 + 4 in 131 (52%) patients. After a median follow-up of 36 months (30-48), 2 and 5-year BRFS were 97.3% and 95.2%, respectively, in patients with PSAr ≥ 90% and 89.5%, 61.5% in patients with PSAr < 90% (p = 0.00). In the responder population, median time to PSAr 90% was 24 months and the median time to PSAn was 28.7 months (20-38). At univariate and multivariate analyses, PSAr was the only significant predictor of BRFS [HR 6.519 (95% IC 1.9-22.2), p = 0.003].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PSAr could be a reliable prognostic factor for long-term biochemical control. This study underscores the potential of PSAr as a tool for risk stratification and personalized follow-up strategies in PCa management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"3701-3706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of cetuximab-based versus platinum-based chemoradiation in HNSCC: evidence from a meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Tarun Kumar, Nishu Kesh, Atindra Kumar Pandey, Ankita Chakrawal, Bhavana Singh, Manjusha Pal, Monika Rajput, Ruhi Dixit, Esha Pai, Manoj Pandey","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04044-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04044-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platinum-based chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) is the standard treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). While cetuximab-based radiotherapy (CxRT) has been proposed as an alternative, its efficacy remains controversial. Multiple meta-analyses have compared CxRT with CTRT for HNSCC though they combined randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with lower-evidence studies, compromising result validity. This study presents the first meta-analysis using exclusively RCT data, providing the highest level of evidence for clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and SCOPUS, identifying 10 RCTs (n = 2,557 patients). Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were Grade ≥ 3 toxicities. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using random effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CxRT was associated with a 50% higher recurrence risk (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.07-2.10) and 27% increased all-cause mortality (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05-1.55) compared to CTRT. OS did not differ significantly (HR 1.33, 95% CI 0.79-2.22). Toxicity profiles varied: CxRT had higher mucositis (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.32) and skin rash (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.28-9.36), while CTRT showed more anemia (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05-0.52) and nausea/vomiting (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.19-0.53).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CxRT is inferior to CTRT in HNSCC, with poorer disease control and survival outcomes. The lack of biomarker (EGFR/RAS) stratification in trials may have contributed to suboptimal patient selection. While CxRT may be an option for cisplatin-ineligible patients, platinum-based therapy appears to be the standard. Future research should optimize cetuximab's role through biomarker-driven selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of artificial intelligence in oral potentially malignant disorders: current opinions and future barriers.","authors":"Xuze Guo, Yaozu He, Qi Han, Jialin Xie, Yi Jia, You Li, Fanglong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04043-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04043-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) refer to oral mucosal disorders with an increased risk of malignancy, primarily oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), especially in South and Southeast Asia. Since not all patients with OPMDs develop oral cancer, accurate early detection and diagnosis of malignant transformation are critically important for clinicians to determine the optimal therapeutic approach. Therefore, distinguishing OPMDs from early-stage OSCC is an increasing challenge in the clinic. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has recently been shown to quickly identify high-risk conditions/lesions for screening oral cancer early. Moreover, the AI algorithm can also be used to determine the prognosis of OPMDs. In this review, we systematically summarize the medical records, oral images, pathological examinations, biomarkers, omics data and other aspects of the main outcomes of AI applied to address OPMDs-related issues. Furthermore, we discuss automated diagnostic systems and risk prediction tools for malignant transformation with pleasant outcomes and the potential to ultimately assist clinicians. Finally, we introduce the current challenges and barriers to AI in OPMDs on the premise that more advanced AI models and larger datasets will lead to the use of AI models in OPMDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative genomic analysis identifies clinically relevant prognostic markers for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis.","authors":"Wentao Li, Ming Liu, Liula Wu, Bosen Zhu, Xiangtao Li, Ziyi Yang, Yi Liang, Junqiong Lin","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04021-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04021-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) pose a significant clinical challenge due to their high recurrence rates, even after surgical resection. There is an urgent need for reliable prognostic biomarkers to improve risk stratification and guide treatment decisions for CRLM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods/patients: </strong>In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 57 CRLM patients and conducted a comparative genomic analysis of primary tumors and matched liver metastases in 8 patients. We systematically identified prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) and developed a predictive nomogram for CRLM patients.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>The most frequently mutated genes in our cohort were APC (64.91%) and TP53 (64.91%), followed by KRAS (50.88%), PIK3CA (24.56%), and SMAD4 (24.56%). Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment in p53, IGF, and Ras signaling pathways. Notably, primary and metastatic lesions exhibited high mutational concordance. Multivariate analysis identified five independent prognostic factors for OS: number of metastasis-positive lymph node stations in primary resected tumor tissue, mutational status of ZNF717 and MUC2, APC mutation status, and chr9p13.3 amplification. The nomogram integrating these factors achieved a C index of 0.798 for OS prediction. Our findings suggest that integrating genomic profiling into clinical practice could enhance prognostic assessment and optimize treatment stratification for CRLM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics characterization of cachexia-related genes reveals prognostic signatures and immune landscape in breast cancer.","authors":"Siyu Wang, Hongxia Zhu, Wendi Zhan, Bo Hao, Zhuo Li, Taolan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04025-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04025-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome affecting cancer prognosis and immune microenvironment. However, the roles of cachexia-related genes (CRGs) in breast cancer remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on TCGA-BRCA data to identify key CRGs. A prognostic model was constructed using LASSO-Cox regression. Immune infiltration and treatment sensitivity were assessed, and single-cell RNA-seq analyses were conducted to explore gene function and cell-cell interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 82 CRGs were identified, and an 11-gene prognostic model was constructed, showing high predictive accuracy across multiple cohorts. Based on this model, we created a new risk score (Cachexia-related Risk Score for Breast Cancer, CRSBC) to categorize patients into high and low-risk groups. Low-risk patients had a better prognosis and good immune infiltration with higher sensitivity to immunotherapy. Single-cell analysis revealed HCCS as a key gene enriched in epithelial cells (breast cancer cells) and involved in macrophages recruitment via the MIF signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals the prognostic and immunological significance of CRGs in breast cancer and highlights HCCS as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular pathways and targeted therapies in colorectal liver metastasis: from bench to bedside.","authors":"Feng Liu, Yue-Chen Zhao, Yan Jiao","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04038-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04038-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is a major complication of colorectal cancer (CRC), significantly affecting prognosis and survival. Despite advancements in treatment, the management of CRLM remains challenging, primarily due to the complex molecular mechanisms involved. The key molecular pathways that contribute to CRLM development include the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and angiogenesis pathways. These pathways regulate critical processes such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and are central to the formation and progression of CRLM. Advances in molecular biology have provided a deeper understanding of these pathways, enabling the development of targeted therapies aimed at improving treatment outcomes. This review presents a detailed analysis of the molecular pathways involved in CRLM, the current status of targeted therapies, and ongoing challenges in the treatment of CRLM. We examine preclinical and clinical developments in targeting these pathways, including Wnt pathway inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, and anti-angiogenic therapies. In addition, the review discusses ongoing challenges, such as resistance mechanisms, and the potential for combination therapies to improve clinical outcomes. Ultimately, this article highlights the promise of personalized approaches, where molecular profiling can guide therapeutic choices to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of association between prior or concurrent malignancies and overall survival in gastroesophageal cancer: evidence from a large European single-center cohort.","authors":"Hannah C Puhr, Luzia Berchtold, Linda Zingerle, Martin Korpan, Julia M Berger, Gerd Jomrich, Reza Asari, Sebastian F Schoppmann, Gerald W Prager, Elisabeth S Bergen, Anna S Berghoff, Matthias Preusser, Aysegül Ilhan-Mutlu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04036-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04036-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>History of malignant disease is a common exclusion criterion in clinical cancer trials, yet data on the impact of cancer survivorship on outcome in gastroesophageal cancer patients are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective association analyses of self-reported prior or concurrent malignancies with patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, symptoms and overall survival (OS) were performed in 1491 gastroesophageal cancers patients treated between 01/01/2000 and 31/12/2021 at the Medical University of Vienna.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1491 patients 255 (18%) had other primary cancer diagnoses, of which 185 (73%) occurred before, 52 (20%) at the same time as and 18 (7%) both before and at the same time as gastroesophageal cancer diagnosis. 205 (80%) patients had one, 43 (17%) had 2 and 7 (3%) had 3 other malignancies. History of other malignancies was associated with older age (p < 0.0001), squamous cell histology (p = 0.018), less aggressive localized tumor stages (p = 0.037) and fewer acid reflux (p = 0.011). There was neither an association between history of other primary malignancies nor the number of other cancer entities and OS (p = 0.47; p = 0.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-reported history of other malignant diseases is frequent in a real-life European gastroesophageal cancer cohort and was not statistically significantly associated with outcome, but rather with older age and squamous cell histology. Our data emphasize that cancer survivors should not be categorically excluded from clinical cancer trials due to fear of dismal prognosis. Prospective research is warranted to improve eligibility for this subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights on lung cancer risk: identifying new variants in Amazonian indigenous populations.","authors":"Bruno Melo Fernandes, Ana Caroline Alves da Costa, Natasha Monte, Kaio Evandro Cardoso Aguiar, Marcella Oliveira Monte Santo, Juliana Carla Gomes Rodrigues, Esdras Edgar Batista Pereira, João Farias Guerreiro, Sidney Emanuel Batista Dos Santos, Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos, André Maurício Ribeiro-Dos-Santos, Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano, Marianne Rodrigues Fernandes, Ney Pereira Carneiro Dos Santos","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04033-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04033-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Significant progress has been made in understanding and treating lung cancer. In the unique context of the Amazonian indigenous population, it is crucial to identify genetic variants in genes important for the risk of developing this cancer. There is a limitation of research on the broader genomic profile of indigenous peoples, especially in the Amazon region, in relation to lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the genomic profile of seven genes (KRAS, MET, RET, ERBB2, BRAF, PDL2 and PD-L1) related to lung cancer by sequencing the exome of 64 indigenous individuals belonging to 12 ethines from the Brazilian Amazon.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identified six variants of moderate impact already described in the literature, located in the RET, ERBB2, PDL2 and PD-L1 genes. We discovered six new variants unique to the Amazonian Amerindian population, one located in the KRAS gene, two located in the ERBB2 gene, and three located in the PDL2 gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The variants studied can potentially exert a significant influence on the heredity and carcinogenesis of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A world map of air pollution and EGFR-mutant prevalence.","authors":"Leonardo Rojas, Guillermo Villacampa, Daniel Shao Weng Tan, Oscar Arrieta, Jairo Zuluaga, Andrés Felipe Cardona","doi":"10.1007/s12094-025-04039-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04039-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze the association between mean PM_2.5 levels from 2000 to 2020 and the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations worldwide.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We fitted linear regression models weighted by the total number of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to estimate the association strength. Adjusted R² values were calculated, with values closer to 1 indicating a stronger association. Data from sixty-nine countries were available. PM_2.5 data for 2015‒2020 were obtained from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development database ( https://stats.oecd.org/ ). Mean PM_2.5 levels, EGFR mutation prevalence data, and total NSCLC cases were acquired from published literature and national cancer registries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The association between PM_2.5 levels and EGFR-mutant prevalence ranged between moderate and weak (R² = 0.34, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 0.02‒0.67). The association further weakened (R² < 0.15 in all comparisons) when stratified by area (European, Asian, or Latin American). Although certain countries had high air pollution and EGFR-mutant lung cancer prevalence (China: PM_2.5, 46.9% and 45.7%, respectively), the association was inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The discrepancy between PM_2.5 levels and the prevalence of EGFR-mutant lung cancer could be attributed to differences in access to lung cancer genomic profiling, potential over- or underestimation of EGFR-mutant prevalence, non-homogeneous PM_2.5 levels within countries, inclusion of all patients with lung cancer regardless of smoking patterns, and other factors, such as genomic background and ancestry. These factors should be considered as potential limitations in directly associating PM_2.5 with EGFR-mutated lung cancer development.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}