Comparative Cytogenetics最新文献

{"title":"Karyotype differentiation in the <i>Nothobranchiusugandensis</i> species group (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes), seasonal fishes from the east African inland plateau, in the context of phylogeny and biogeography.","authors":"Eugene Yu Krysanov, Béla Nagy, Brian R Watters, Alexandr Sember, Sergey A Simanovsky","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v7.i1.97165","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.v7.i1.97165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The karyotype differentiation of the twelve known members of the <i>Nothobranchiusugandensis</i> Wildekamp, 1994 species group is reviewed and the karyotype composition of seven of its species is described herein for the first time using a conventional cytogenetic protocol. Changes in the architecture of eukaryotic genomes often have a major impact on processes underlying reproductive isolation, adaptation and diversification. African annual killifishes of the genus <i>Nothobranchius</i> Peters, 1868 (Teleostei: Nothobranchiidae), which are adapted to an extreme environment of ephemeral wetland pools in African savannahs, feature extensive karyotype evolution in small, isolated populations and thus are suitable models for studying the interplay between karyotype change and species evolution. The present investigation reveals a highly conserved diploid chromosome number (2n = 36) but a variable number of chromosomal arms (46-64) among members of the <i>N.ugandensis</i> species group, implying a significant role of pericentric inversions and/or other types of centromeric shift in the karyotype evolution of the group. When superimposed onto a phylogenetic tree based on molecular analyses of two mitochondrial genes the cytogenetic characteristics did not show any correlation with the phylogenetic relationships within the lineage. While karyotypes of many other <i>Nothobranchius</i> spp. studied to date diversified mainly via chromosome fusions and fissions, the <i>N.ugandensis</i> species group maintains stable 2n and the karyotype differentiation seems to be constrained to intrachromosomal rearrangements. Possible reasons for this difference in the trajectory of karyotype differentiation are discussed. While genetic drift seems to be a major factor in the fixation of chromosome rearrangements in <i>Nothobranchius</i>, future studies are needed to assess the impact of predicted multiple inversions on the genome evolution and species diversification within the <i>N.ugandensis</i> species group.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"13-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9620493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosome complements of <i>Channalucius</i> and <i>C.striata</i> from Phu Quoc Island and karyotypic evolution in snakehead fishes (Actinopterygii, Channidae).","authors":"Denis V Prazdnikov","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v17.i1.94943","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.v17.i1.94943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Snakehead fishes of the family Channidae are obligatory air-breathers freshwater predators, the vast majority of which belong to the genus <i>Channa</i> Scopoli, 1777. <i>Channa</i> species are characterized by high karyotypic diversity due to various types of chromosomal rearrangements. It is assumed that, in addition to the lifestyle, fragmentation and isolation of snakehead populations contribute to an increase in karyotypic diversity. However, the chromosome complements of many isolated populations of widespread <i>Channa</i> species remain unknown, and the direction of karyotype transformations is poorly understood. This paper describes the previously unstudied karyotypes of <i>Channalucius</i> (Cuvier, 1831) and <i>C.striata</i> (Bloch, 1793) from Phu Quoc Island and analyzes the trends of karyotypic evolution in the genus <i>Channa</i>. In <i>C.lucius</i>, the karyotypes are differed in the number of chromosome arms (2n = 48, NF = 50 and 51), while in <i>C.striata</i>, the karyotypes are differed in the diploid chromosome number (2n = 44 and 43, NF = 48). A comparative cytogenetic analysis showed that the main trend of karyotypic evolution of <i>Channa</i> species is associated with a decrease in the number of chromosomes and an increase in the number of chromosome arms, mainly due to fusions and pericentric inversions. The data obtained support the assumption that fragmentation and isolation of populations, especially of continental islands, contribute to the karyotypic diversification of snakeheads and are of interest for further cytogenetic studies of Channidae.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9836404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10693821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karyotype of <i>Sabanejewiabulgarica</i> (Drensky, 1928) (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the Danube Delta, Romania.","authors":"Eva Hnátková,&nbsp;Zuzana Majtánová,&nbsp;Vendula Bohlen Šlechtová,&nbsp;Joerg Bohlen,&nbsp;Petr Ráb","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.17.103152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.17.103152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The karyotype of the freshwater fish <i>Sabanejewiabulgarica</i> (Drensky, 1928), from the Danube Delta, was studied by conventional Giemsa staining and the C-banding technique. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50. The karyotype contained 2 pairs of metacentric (the first one was much larger than the second one), 6 pairs of submetacentric and 17 pairs of subtelocentric to acrocentric chromosomes. Pericentromeric blocks of heterochromatin were revealed in most of the chromosome pairs. The karyotype phenotype of <i>S.bulgarica</i> was the same as found for <i>S.balcanica</i> from Northern Carpathian Mountains.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 ","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9899411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More hidden diversity in a cryptic species complex: a new subspecies of <i>Leptideasinapis</i> (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) from Northern Iran.","authors":"Vazrick Nazari,&nbsp;Vladimir A Lukhtanov,&nbsp;Alireza Naderi,&nbsp;Zdenek Faltýnek Fric,&nbsp;Vlad Dincă,&nbsp;Roger Vila","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.17.102830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.17.102830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new subspecies of <i>Leptideasinapis</i> from Northern Iran, discovered by means of DNA barcoding, is described as <i>Leptideasinapistabarestana</i><b>ssp. nov.</b> The new subspecies is allopatric with respect to other populations of <i>L.sinapis</i> and is genetically distinct, appearing as a well-supported sister clade to all other populations in COI-based phylogenetic reconstructions. Details on karyotype, genitalia, ecology and behaviour for the new subspecies are given and a biogeographical speciation scenario is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 ","pages":"113-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9617619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Allium</i> cytogenetics: a critical review on the Indian taxa.","authors":"Biplab Kumar Bhowmick,&nbsp;Sayantika Sarkar,&nbsp;Dipasree Roychowdhury,&nbsp;Sayali D Patil,&nbsp;Manoj M Lekhak,&nbsp;Deepak Ohri,&nbsp;Satyawada Rama Rao,&nbsp;S R Yadav,&nbsp;R C Verma,&nbsp;Manoj K Dhar,&nbsp;S N Raina,&nbsp;Sumita Jha","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.17.98903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.17.98903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Allium</i> Linnaeus, 1753 (tribe Allieae) contains about 800 species worldwide of which almost 38 species are reported in India, including the globally important crops (onion, garlic, leek, shallot) and many wild species. A satisfactory chromosomal catalogue of <i>Allium</i> species is missing which has been considered in the review for the species occurring in India. The most prominent base number is x=8, with few records of x=7, 10, 11. The genome size has sufficient clues for divergence, ranging from 7.8 pg/1C to 30.0 pg/1C in diploid and 15.16 pg/1C to 41.78 pg/1C in polyploid species. Although the karyotypes are seemingly dominated by metacentrics, substantial variation in nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) is noteworthy. The chromosomal rearrangement between <i>A.cepa</i> Linnaeus, 1753 and its allied species has paved way to appreciate genomic evolution within <i>Allium</i>. The presence of a unique telomere sequence and its conservation in <i>Allium</i> sets this genus apart from all other Amaryllids and supports monophyletic origin. Any cytogenetic investigation regarding NOR variability, telomere sequence and genome size in the Indian species becomes the most promising field to decipher chromosome evolution against the background of species diversity and evolution, especially in the Indian subcontinent.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 ","pages":"129-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9617621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific divergence of diploid grass <i>Aegilopscomosa</i> is associated with structural chromosome changes.","authors":"Ekaterina D Badaeva,&nbsp;Violetta V Kotseruba,&nbsp;Andnrey V Fisenko,&nbsp;Nadezhda N Chikida,&nbsp;Maria Kh Belousova,&nbsp;Peter M Zhurbenko,&nbsp;Sergei A Surzhikov,&nbsp;Alexandra Yu Dragovich","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.17.101008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.17.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aegilopscomosa</i> Smith in Sibthorp et Smith, 1806 is diploid grass with MM genome constitution occurring mainly in Greece. Two morphologically distinct subspecies - <i>Ae.c.comosa</i> Chennaveeraiah, 1960 and <i>Ae.c.heldreichii</i> (Holzmann ex Boissier) Eig, 1929 are discriminated within <i>Ae.comosa</i>, however, genetic and karyotypic bases of their divergence are not fully understood. We used Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes and electrophoretic analysis of gliadins to characterize the genome and karyotype of <i>Ae.comosa</i> to assess the level of their genetic diversity and uncover mechanisms leading to radiation of subspecies. We show that two subspecies differ in size and morphology of chromosomes 3M and 6M, which can be due to reciprocal translocation. Subspecies also differ in the amount and distribution of microsatellite and satellite DNA sequences, the number and position of minor NORs, especially on 3M and 6M, and gliadin spectra mainly in the a-zone. Frequent occurrence of hybrids can be caused by open pollination, which, along with genetic heterogeneity of accessions and, probably, the lack of geographic or genetic barrier between the subspecies, may contribute to extremely broad intraspecific variation of GAA_n and gliadin patterns in <i>Ae.comosa</i>, which are usually not observed in endemic plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 ","pages":"75-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9620726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Rhododendronmariesii</i> and comparative genomics of related species in the family Ericaeae.","authors":"Zhiliang Li,&nbsp;Zhiwei Huang,&nbsp;Xuchun Wan,&nbsp;Jiaojun Yu,&nbsp;Hongjin Dong,&nbsp;Jialiang Zhang,&nbsp;Chunyu Zhang,&nbsp;Shuzhen Wang","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.17.101427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.17.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rhododendronmariesii</i> Hemsley et Wilson, 1907, a typical member of the family Ericaeae, possesses valuable medicinal and horticultural properties. In this research, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of <i>R.mariesii</i> was sequenced and assembled, which proved to be a typical quadripartite structure with the length of 203,480 bp. In particular, the lengths of the large single copy region (LSC), small single copy region (SSC), and inverted repeat regions (IR) were 113,715 bp, 7,953 bp, and 40,918 bp, respectively. Among the 151 unique genes, 98 were protein-coding genes, 8 were tRNA genes, and 45 were rRNA genes. The structural characteristics of the <i>R.mariesii</i>cp genome was similar to other angiosperms. Leucine was the most representative amino acid, while cysteine was the lowest representative. Totally, 30 codons showed obvious codon usage bias, and most were A/U-ending codons. Six highly variable regions were observed, such as <i>trnK-pafI</i> and <i>atpE-rpoB</i>, which could serve as potential markers for future barcoding and phylogenetic research of <i>R.mariesii</i> species. Coding regions were more conserved than non-coding regions. Expansion and contraction in the IR region might be the main length variation in <i>R.mariesii</i> and related Ericaeae species. Maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis revealed that <i>R.mariesii</i> was relatively closed to the <i>R.simsii</i> Planchon, 1853 and <i>R.pulchrum</i> Sweet,1831. This research will supply rich genetic resource for <i>R.mariesii</i> and related species of the Ericaeae.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"17 ","pages":"163-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10464601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10482830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First karyotype description of the species of <i>Adenomera</i> Steindachner, 1867 (Anura, Leptodactylidae) in the \" <i>thomei</i>\" clade.","authors":"Ramon Costa Dominato, Guilherme Costa de Oliveira, Carla Santana Cassini, Victor Goyannes Dill Orrico, Cléa Dos Santos Ferreira Mariano, Janisete Gomes Silva","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i3.82641","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i3.82641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Adenomera</i> Steindachner, 1867 currently comprises 29 nominal species, some of which are suggested to be cryptic species complexes. The present study was carried out with specimens of the \"<i>thomei</i>\" clade that encompasses three taxa distributed in the Atlantic Forest biome: <i>Adenomerathomei</i> Almeida et Angulo, 2006, <i>Adenomera</i> sp. L., and <i>Adenomera</i> sp. M. We used classical cytogenetics to describe the diploid number and karyomorphology of these three species collected in two different locations in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Our results revealed the diploid number 2n = 24 (FN = 34) with two pairs of metacentric chromosomes (pairs 1 and 5), three pairs of submetacentric chromosomes (pairs 2, 3, and 4), and seven pairs of telocentric chromosomes (pairs 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12). Further morphological, bioacoustic, and cytogenetic data (C-banding and AgNor) are needed to better delineate the lineages within the \"<i>thomei</i>\" clade.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"16 3","pages":"151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10689447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotaxonomic investigations on species of genus Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae) from Algeria","authors":"Naila Chahinez Boukhebache, N. Amirouche, R. Amirouche","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i1.78852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i1.78852","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper provides new cytotaxonomic data on the genus Narcissus Linnaeus, 1753, in Algeria. Populations of seven taxa, N.tazetta Linnaeus, 1753, N.pachybolbus Durieu, 1847, N.papyraceus Ker Gawler, 1806, N.elegans (Haworth) Spach, 1846, N.serotinus sensu lato Linnaeus, 1753, including N.obsoletus (Haworth) Steudel, 1841, and N.cantabricus De Candolle, 1815, were karyologically investigated through chromosome counting and karyotype parameters. N.tazetta and N.elegans have the same number of chromosomes 2n = 2x = 20 with different karyotype formulas. Karyological and morphological characteristics, confirm the specific status of N.pachybolbus and N.papyraceus, both are diploids with 2n = 22 but differing in asymmetry indices. The morphotypes corresponding to N.serotinus sensu lato show two ploidy levels 2n = 4x = 20 and 2n = 6x = 30 characterized by a yellow corona. Some hexaploid cytotypes have more asymmetric karyotype with predominance of subtelocentric chromosomes. They are distinguished by orange corona and may correspond to N.obsoletus. Other cytotype 2n = 28 of N.serotinus was observed in the North Western biogeographic sectors. N.cantabricus was found to be diploid with 2n = 2x = 14, which is a new diploid report in the southernmost geographic range of this polyploid complex.","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"55 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41427520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karyotypic analysis and isolation of four DNA markers of the scleractinian coral Favitespentagona (Esper, 1795) (Scleractinia, Anthozoa, Cnidaria)","authors":"R. Kawakami, T. Taguchi, J. Vacarizas, M. Ito, T. Mezaki, Akira Tominaga, S. Kubota","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i1.79953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i1.79953","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We performed conventional and molecular cytogenetic studies on the Favitespentagona Esper, 1795, a scleractinian coral mostly found along the west coast of Japan. Karyotype analysis of F.pentagona by G-banding revealed a karyogram containing a homogenously staining region (HSR) on chromosome 10 in more than 50% of the examined metaphase spreads. This HSR consisted of sequences from 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, as demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA sequencing. We highlighted the development of four chromosomal FISH markers from repetitive genes such as U2 small nuclear RNA linked to 5S rRNA sequence (U2 snRNA-5S), 18S rRNA, histone H3, and uncharacterized gene FP-9X. The chromosomal locations of the U2 snRNA-5S and 18S RNA were on the terminal end of long arm of chromosomes 2 and 10, respectively, while the histone H3 and the uncharacterized gene were located near the centromeres of chromosomes 1 and 9, respectively. These FISH markers will improve the karyotyping of F.pentagona from mitotic preparations which helps in widening our understanding of coral genetic structure and chromosome organization. In addition, these improvements in karyotyping will provide the basis in constructing of chromosome-level genome assembly for F.pentagona.","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"77 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}