Comparative Cytogenetics最新文献

{"title":"Karyotype of <i>Hynobiusfucus</i> Lai et Lue, 2008, a salamander endemic to Taiwan with comments in memory of June-Shian Lai, a pioneer in studies of mountainous salamanders (Urodela, Hynobiidae).","authors":"Koji Iizuka, Hiroyuki Koishi, Nikolay A Poyarkov, Yoshinori Takeuchi, Yu-Ten Ju","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.158987","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.158987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chromosome number of <i>Hynobiusfucus</i> was found by Lai and Lue (2008) to be 2n = 58, displaying a karyomorph similar to those previously reported in stream-type salamanders from Taiwan. Based not only on cytogenetic features but also on developmental characteristics such as the embryonic stage and the presence of interdigital membranes during limb formation this species can be confidently classified as a lotic stream-type salamander. Morescalchi (1975) proposed that karyotype evolution in families of urodeles tends to proceed from higher to lower chromosome numbers. Our findings from Taiwan suggest karyotype evolution within the genus <i>Hynobius</i>, that is, the chromosome number of this species may have increased from 2n = 56 in the pond-type ancestor to 2n = 58 in this stream-type lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"155-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular cytogenetic study on the scleractinian coral <i>Micromussaamakusensis</i> (Veron, 1990) (Hexacorallia, Anthozoa, Cnidaria): isolation of five fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization markers.","authors":"Analyn B Baldove, Masumi Ito, Takahiro Taguchi, Takuma Mezaki, Hiroumi Saito, Sam Edward Manalili, Yuji Namura, Ivy Jamela Nieves-Brutas, Akira Tominaga, Satoshi Kubota","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.157310","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.157310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scleractinian (stony) corals are foundational to reef ecosystems, yet their taxonomy remains unresolved due to morphological plasticity and limited cytogenetic data. This study presents the first molecular cytogenetic characterization of the scleractinian coral <i>Micromussaamakusensis</i> (Veron, 1990), employing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to isolate and map five DNA markers. Using the conventional Giemsa staining technique, <i>M.amakusensis</i> was found to have a diploid karyotype of 2n = 28, with a prominent homogeneously staining region (HSR) on the long arm of chromosome 12. Subsequently, five FISH markers designated as MA-H3 for <i>histone H3</i>, MA-5S for <i>5S rRNA</i>, MA-18/28S for <i>18S-28S rRNA</i>, MA-13C for centromeric region, and MA-TEL for telomeric region were cloned, sequenced, and mapped using FISH. FISH analysis revealed that the MA-H3 localized to the centromeric region of chromosome 1, MA-5S to the telomeric region of chromosome 4, MA-18/28S to the terminal region of chromosome 12 (coinciding with the HSR), MA-13C to the centromere of chromosome 13, and MA-TEL to multiple telomeric regions across several chromosomes. Sequence analysis confirmed marker identities and revealed conserved and novel repetitive elements. Furthermore, Genomic DNA hybridization (GDH) of whole-sperm DNA revealed signals collected at several telomeric regions, suggesting the presence of repetitive sequences. These cytogenetic markers enable the identification of at least 3 out of 14 chromosome pairs, allow for more precise karyotyping, and highlight chromosomal features that may help resolve coral classification and improve understanding of genome evolution. This research demonstrates the utility of molecular cytogenetics in stony coral systematics and provides new FISH markers for future comparative genomic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"135-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Corrigenda: Bhowmick BK, Jha S (2022) A critical review on cytogenetics of Cucurbitaceae with updates on Indian taxa. Comparative Cytogenetics 16(2): 93-126. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i2.79033.","authors":"Biplab Kumar Bhowmick, Sumita Jha","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.164044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.164044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i2.79033.].</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triploid female <i>Helophorusbrevipalpis</i> Bedel, 1881 in Provence, France, with additional data on C-banding in both triploid and diploid material, and discussion of chromosomal variation in <i>H.brevipalpis</i>.","authors":"Robert B Angus","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.162685","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.162685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triploid female <i>Helophorusbrevipalpis</i> Bedel, 1881 are recorded from two localities in Provence, France. Their karyotypes are analysed using both chromosome morphology and C-banding. Their karyotypes appear to be identical with those of Spanish material recorded by Angus (1992) but show minor differences from Italian triploid material described by Angus, Jia (2020). Data on C-banding in English <i>H.brevipalpis</i> are given and chromosomal variation in <i>H.brevipalpis</i> is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12311475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-canonical telomeric motif TTAGGGGTGG in the true bug species <i>Geocorisdispar</i> Waga, 1839 (Heteroptera, Geocoridae).","authors":"Natalia Golub, Boris Anokhin, Valentina Kuznetsova","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.156983","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.156983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on the results of a chromosomal study of the big-eyed true bug <i>Geocorisdispar</i> Waga, 1839 (Heteroptera: Geocoridae) aimed at obtaining data on its telomeres. Using fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH), we have shown, that <i>G.dispar</i> has a non-canonical 10-bp telomeric motif TTAGGGGTGG. This is the first evidence of telomere structure in the family Geocoridae and the first finding of the telomeric sequence (TTAGGGGTGG) <i>_n</i> in the large superfamily Lygaeoidea (infraorder Pentatomomorpha).</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"117-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First karyotype description of <i>Epiplatysspilargyreius</i> (Duméril, 1861) with comments on chromosome evolution in the genus <i>Epiplatys</i> Gill, 1862 (Nothobranchiidae).","authors":"Sergey A Simanovsky, Alexandra Yu Skuratovskaya, Margarita G Simonian, Dmitry A Medvedev, Fekadu Tefera, Alexander S Golubtsov","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.151345","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.151345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The African non-annual killifish genus <i>Epiplatys</i> Gill, 1862 (family Nothobranchiidae) comprises 36 valid species distributed in West, Central and East Africa. The available cytogenetic information for the genus indicates a wide variability in diploid chromosome number (2n) and number of chromosome arms (FN). Here, we report the karyotype of <i>Epiplatysspilargyreius</i> (Duméril, 1861), one of the two species with the lowest diploid chromosome number (2n = 34) in the genus, from the White Nile basin in Ethiopia. Male and female karyotypes contained 18 metacentric/acrocentric and 16 subtelocentric/acrocentric chromosomes. The number of chromosome arms is, respectively, FN = 52. Analysis of karyotype differentiation in the genus allowed us to suggest that the 2n reduction in <i>E.spilargyreius</i> and many other members of the genus <i>Epiplatys</i> is mainly due to Robertsonian translocations (reduction of 2n from 48 to 34 with stable NF = 48-52). We provide an up-to-date summary of cytogenetic data and a brief review of chromosome evolution in the genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic meiotic behavior and evolutionary insights of supernumerary B chromosomes in the hangingfly <i>Bittacuscirratus</i> (Mecoptera, Bittacidae).","authors":"Le-Le He, Ying Miao, He-Hong Wang, Jie Zhang, Bao-Zhen Hua","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.153340","DOIUrl":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.153340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Supernumerary B chromosomes are significant dispensable genetic elements that follow their own species-specific evolutionary pathways. Despite their widespread occurrence, comprehensive analyses of their meiotic behavior remain limited. In this study, we present the first systematic investigation of B chromosome morphology and meiotic behavior in the hangingfly <i>Bittacuscirratus</i> Tjeder, 1956 using cytogenetic approaches. The male basal chromosome numbers of <i>B.cirratus</i> is 2n = 30 + XO, with 0-5 polymorphic B chromosomes. Intraspecific B chromosome polymorphism manifests as various distinct morphotypes ranging from punctiform, bicentric, and ring-shaped to larger coiled forms, indicating that the B chromosomes may undergo rapid structural changes. During meiosis, B chromosomes display transmission drive through asymmetric segregation, preferentially accumulating in one daughter cell. Most B chromosomes formed univalents, with few forming bivalents or trivalents at meiosis I. Three unconventional retention mechanisms were identified in univalent B chromosomes: (1) associating with a nonhomologous chromosome, (2) accumulating near spindle poles, and (3) contributing to unequal spindle formation. Based on the abundant chromosomal changes of A chromosomes and stable XX/XO sex determination, we infer that the B chromosomes likely originated from multiple A chromosomes in <i>B.cirratus</i>. The roles of B chromosomes in the cell cycle and individual fitness are briefly discussed, and the evolutionary scenario is putatively put forward for the diversification of B chromosomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"91-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomes of four species of dobsonflies, in the genus <i>Protohermes</i> (Megaloptera, Corydalidae, Corydalinae) from East Asia.","authors":"Yoshinori Takeuchi, Koji Iizuka, Hiroyuki Koishi, Hidehiro Hoshiba","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.146501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.146501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed chromosomes of four species of East Asian dobsonflies (Megaloptera: Corydalidae): <i>Protohermesgrandis</i> (Thunberg, 1781), <i>P.immaculatus</i> Kuwayama, 1964, <i>P.disjunctus</i> Liu, Hayashi et Yang, 2007 and <i>P.costalis</i> (Walker, 1853). The chromosome number in all species was 2n = 24, consisting of 11 pairs of autosomes plus the XX chromosomes in females and the Xy_p in males. The karyotype of <i>P.immaculatus</i> which occurs in near the central part of the Ryukyu Islands, and is a vicarious species of <i>P.grandis</i>, was similar to the karyotype of <i>P.grandis</i>. On the other hand, the karyotype of <i>P.disjunctus</i>, which is from the Sakishima Islands, and is a vicarious species of <i>P.costalis</i>, resembled that of <i>P.costalis</i>. The X chromosomes are submetacentric, while the Y is the smallest, dot-like chromosome of the set. The sex chromosomes of the first meiotic metaphase (MI) spermatocytes in all species invariably appear as a bivalent-like structure known as parachut bivalents Xy_p, suggesting that the species in this genus share a common sex-bivalent mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomes of four fishfly species (Megaloptera, Corydalidae, Chauliodinae) from North America.","authors":"Yoshinori Takeuchi, Koji Iizuka, Tadashi Nakazato, Hiroyuki Koishi, Hidehiro Hoshiba","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.146136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.146136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed chromosomes of four species of fishflies (Megaloptera: Chauliodinae). Three species were from western North America (<i>Dysmicohermesdisjunctus</i> (Walker, 1866), <i>Dysmicohermesingens</i> Chandler, 1954, and <i>Orohermescrepusculus</i> (Chandler, 1954)), and another one from eastern North America (<i>Nigroniaserricornis</i> (Say, 1824)). The chromosome number of the three western species was 2n = 22, with the karyotype consisting of 10 pairs of autosomes plus XY in males. The X chromosomes of these three species are subtelocentric, while the Y chromosomes are small and dot-like. Of the ten pairs of autosomes, the last pair is substantially smaller than the others. The chromosome number in the first meiotic metaphase in spermatocytes of <i>N.serricornis</i> from Michigan was n = 10 (9 autosomal bivalents + Xy_p in the male). The sex chromosomes of <i>N.serricornis</i> formed parachute-type bivalents synchronously with the autosomes. The parachute-type bivalent Xy_p has also been found in four fishflies and four dobsonflies (Megaloptera: Corydalinae) from East Asia, as well as in a fishfly and a dobsonfly from North America. These data suggest that the two subfamilies of Corydalidae share a common sex-bivalent mechanism, along with many beetles (Coleoptera).</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomal polymorphism in natural populations of <i>Chironomusborokensis</i> Kerkis, Filippova, Shobanov, Gunderina et Kiknadze, 1988 (Diptera, Chironomidae).","authors":"Veronika V Golygina, Andrey D Broshkov, Oksana V Ermolaeva","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.19.141735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.141735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromosomal polymorphism has been studied in 31 natural populations of <i>Ch.borokensis</i>. For 11 out of 31 populations quantitative analysis of chromosomal polymorphism has been performed. Data from previous publications (10 populations) have also been used to perform an overview of the chromosomal polymorphism of <i>Ch.borokensis</i> and to establish the species range. Most studied populations show a high level of chromosomal polymorphism: on average 66.1 ± 2.6% of specimens were heterozygotes with 1.1 ± 0.6 heterozygotic inversions per larvae. The number of banding sequences found in populations varied from 7 to 18 per population with an average of 12 ± 3. Inversions were found in all chromosomal arms. Besides inversions, B-chromosome was present in 13 populations, and 5 translocations were found. The total number of banding sequences found in banding sequence pool of <i>Ch.borokensis</i> is 40. Twenty six banding sequences are described for the first time for the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"19 ","pages":"51-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}