Current Opinion in Ophthalmology最新文献

Update in management of microbial keratitis associated with contact lenses. 与隐形眼镜相关的微生物角膜炎管理的最新进展。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001143

Christine Xu, Bohan Xing, Jennifer Y Li

引用次数: 0

Corneal neurotization for the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy. 角膜神经化治疗神经营养性角膜病变。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001138

Sasha Hubschman, Mark I Rosenblatt, Maria S Cortina

{"title":"Corneal neurotization for the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy.","authors":"Sasha Hubschman, Mark I Rosenblatt, Maria S Cortina","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001138","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001138","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Corneal neurotization, a surgical technique that restores corneal sensation by transferring a healthy sensory nerve to the neurotrophic cornea, has emerged as a treatment of moderate to severe neurotrophic keratopathy. This review provides an overview of the indications, surgical techniques, and outcomes of corneal neurotization.Recent findings: Corneal neurotization can be performed via direct nerve transfer or indirect nerve grafting, with comparable long-term outcomes. Advances such as minimally invasive and endoscopic techniques, nerve allografts, and alternative donor nerves have expanded its accessibility. Studies show significant improvements in corneal sensation, epithelial integrity, and ocular surface health, with younger patients achieving faster and more complete recovery. The procedure has demonstrated efficacy across diverse neurotrophic keratopathy etiologies and is increasingly considered earlier in disease progression.Summary: Corneal neurotization offers a promising, long-term solution for neurotrophic keratopathy by addressing the root cause of corneal anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"294-301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in refractive surgery. 屈光手术中的人工智能。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001139

Phillip C Hoopes, Kayvon A Moin, Majid Moshirfar

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in refractive surgery.","authors":"Phillip C Hoopes, Kayvon A Moin, Majid Moshirfar","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001139","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001139","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Advances in artificial intelligence have integrated into modern medicine decision making and diagnostics. Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology has become more ingrained in refractive surgery because of extensive use of diagnostic modalities including interpretation of anterior segment imaging used in refractive surgery. The role of artificial intelligence has increased to include biometry for the accurate selection of intraocular lenses (IOLs), detection of pathology such as cornea ectasia and keratoconus, sizing of phakic IOLs, as well as surgical decision making for the surgeon and patient. Artificial intelligence will also play a role in education of future medical professionals who will choose refractive surgery as a career.Recent findings: Research regarding artificial intelligence is on the rise. Interest in artificial intelligence for ophthalmology is international with the largest numbers of studies coming from China and the United States of America. During this review, the most common themes encountered included the role of artificial intelligence in the fields of biometry for IOL selection, detection of keratoconus and cornea ectasia, sizing for phakic IOLs and surgical decision making and education.Summary: Artificial intelligence will become increasingly important in the field of refractive surgery. With advancements in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning, the safety and efficacy of refractive surgery will improve due to more accurate detection of pathology and more accurate outcomes in the realm of laser vision correction procedures and (IOL) selection.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"271-275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Updates in immunomodulator therapy in ocular surface inflammatory diseases. 眼表炎症性疾病免疫调节治疗的最新进展。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001140

Ali Khodor, Luis A Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Raul E Ruiz-Lozano, Victor L Perez

{"title":"Updates in immunomodulator therapy in ocular surface inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Ali Khodor, Luis A Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Raul E Ruiz-Lozano, Victor L Perez","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001140","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001140","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Ocular surface inflammatory disorders (OSIDs), including allergic conjunctivitis, ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD), and cicatrizing conjunctivitis, present significant clinical challenges due to complex immune modulation. Traditional therapies like corticosteroids have limitations, prompting the need for alternative treatments. This review explores novel, steroid-sparing immunomodulatory options.Recent findings: In recent years, immunomodulatory therapies have evolved from corticosteroids and broad-spectrum T-cell inhibitors such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus to more selective pathway-targeting agents like JAK inhibitors (e.g., ruxolitinib). Biologic agents, including dupilumab and upadacitinib, have demonstrated efficacy in severe allergic conjunctivitis. In oGVHD, JAK inhibitors and combination therapies are emerging as promising strategies. For cicatrizing conjunctivitis, rituximab and IVIg have shown encouraging outcomes. Additionally, novel therapeutic targets such as chemokine receptor blockers (e.g., CCL20 locked dimer), T regulatory cell (Treg) modulation, and transcriptional modification via micro-RNA are shaping the future of ocular surface disease management.Summary: The future of immunomodulatory therapy for ocular surface diseases lies in refining current treatment approaches and advancing targeted biologic agents that modulate specific immune pathways, offering improved efficacy and safety for patients with these sight-threatening conditions.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"327-334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing femtosecond LASIK and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). 飞秒LASIK与小切口晶状体摘除（SMILE）的比较。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001145

Aneesha Ahluwalia, Edward E Manche

{"title":"Comparing femtosecond LASIK and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).","authors":"Aneesha Ahluwalia, Edward E Manche","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001145","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001145","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review compares two refractive surgery modalities, femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), focusing on their efficacy, safety, postoperative recovery, and patient-reported outcomes. The aim is to provide an updated review of recent findings and identify areas for additional research to further optimize surgical outcomes and patient selection.Recent findings: FS-LASIK and SMILE show excellent, comparable visual outcomes for the correction of myopia and astigmatism. SMILE may have a lower risk of dry eye and has no flap-related complications, while FS-LASIK provides quicker visual recovery. SMILE may offer superior long-term visual outcomes, particularly for high myopia. However, customized FS-LASIK (wavefront- and topography-guided) outperform SMILE in some visual metrics, including uncorrected visual acuity and reduction in higher-order aberrations.Summary: FS-LASIK remains the gold standard refractive procedure due to its rapid recovery and predictable results, but SMILE offers advantages in preserving corneal biomechanical stability and potentially minimizing dry eye symptoms. SMILE may also offer improved long-term stability for patients at risk of myopic regression. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that wavefront- and topography-guided LASIK yield superior visual outcomes compared to SMILE. Additional long-term comparative studies are needed for different refractive treatment requirements.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"276-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corneal complications of common vaccinations. 常见疫苗的角膜并发症。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001146

Kartik Gannamaneni, Shahzad I Mian

{"title":"Corneal complications of common vaccinations.","authors":"Kartik Gannamaneni, Shahzad I Mian","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001146","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001146","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To summarize and evaluate the current literature concerning corneal complications associated with common vaccinations, particularly keratitis and corneal graft rejection following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, Varicella-Zoster, and Influenza.Recent findings: Small case series and reports have documented keratitis/herpesvirus reactivation and corneal graft rejection following vaccination, prompting concern from ophthalmologists regarding vaccination timing and management of patients. Recent population-based studies have reported higher risks of herpesvirus keratitis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus recurrence associated with the COVID-19 and varicella zoster vaccinations in rare cases, often in patients with identified risk factors. Similarly, corneal graft rejection rates appear to be stable following vaccination when compared with unvaccinated individuals, with the bulk of vaccine-associated rejection noted to occur with penetrating keratoplasties and in patients at a higher risk for rejection.Summary: While the benefits of vaccination continue to outweigh the risks, clinicians must identify and balance patient-specific risk factors for corneal complications to inform individual management and counseling, potentially with heightened steroid use in the postvaccination period and more stringent follow up for signs of keratitis or graft rejection.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"288-293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of anterior segment diseases. 人工智能在前段疾病诊断和治疗中的应用进展。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001150

Kai Jin, Andrzej Grzybowski

{"title":"Advancements in artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of anterior segment diseases.","authors":"Kai Jin, Andrzej Grzybowski","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001150","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001150","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis and management of anterior segment diseases has rapidly expanded, demonstrating significant potential to revolutionize clinical practice.Recent findings: AI technologies, including machine learning and deep learning models, are increasingly applied in the detection and management of a variety of conditions, such as corneal diseases, refractive surgery, cataract, conjunctival disorders (e.g., pterygium), trachoma, and dry eye disease. By analyzing large-scale imaging data and clinical information, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy, predicts treatment outcomes, and supports personalized patient care.Summary: As AI models continue to evolve, particularly with the use of large models and generative AI techniques, they will further refine diagnosis and treatment planning. While challenges remain, including issues related to data diversity and model interpretability, AI's integration into ophthalmology promises to improve healthcare outcomes, making it a cornerstone of data-driven medical practice. The continued development and application of AI will undoubtedly transform the future of anterior segment ophthalmology, leading to more efficient, accurate, and individualized care.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"335-342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimally invasive approaches to management of keratoconus. 圆锥角膜的微创治疗方法。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001142

Rohan Bir Singh, Vishal Jhanji

引用次数: 0

Scleral lenses for correction of irregular astigmatism: advances and limitations. 巩膜镜片用于矫正不规则散光：进展与局限。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001149

Sofya Gindina, Joann J Kang, Deborah S Jacobs

{"title":"Scleral lenses for correction of irregular astigmatism: advances and limitations.","authors":"Sofya Gindina, Joann J Kang, Deborah S Jacobs","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001149","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001149","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: In this review, we will address advances and limitations in the field of scleral lenses pertaining to the correction of irregular astigmatism.Recent findings: There are reports on the benefits of scleral lenses for eyes with irregular astigmatism, particularly regarding improvement of visual acuity and the reduction of higher-order aberrations. Innovations such as wavefront-optimized and wavefront-guided optics can improve vision in keratoconus. Customized haptics, topographic and profilometric-based fitting, and impression-based design can achieve fit in problematic eyes with ectasia, after penetrating keratoplasty, and with corneal scarring. Challenges persist, including resource requirements for practitioners, patient difficulty with insertion and removal, and limitations to lens wear, including midday fogging and corneal edema. Risks such as graft failure persist.Summary: Scleral lenses have emerged as a useful tool in the management of irregular astigmatism, reducing the need for penetrating keratoplasty. By vaulting the cornea and resting on the sclera, scleral lenses neutralize corneal astigmatism, while providing a stable and comfortable surface for advanced optics. Over the past two decades, the use of scleral lenses has increased, reflecting advances in fitting systems, expanded access, greater adoption by clinicians, broader patient eligibility, and improved clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"282-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis: review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and current treatments. 儿童眼睑角化结膜炎：流行病学、病理生理学和当前治疗的综述。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001141

Rija Awan, Shama Khan, Wajid Ali Khan

{"title":"Pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis: review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and current treatments.","authors":"Rija Awan, Shama Khan, Wajid Ali Khan","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001141","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001141","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and clinical features of pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC), with a focus on elucidating the underlying pathophysiology and evaluating new therapeutic strategies.Recent findings: Ongoing research continues to refine the management of pediatric BKC. Recent evidence suggests that disease remission can be achieved in approximately 95% of cases through an integrated approach involving topical or systemic antibiotics, corticosteroids, topical immunosuppressants, and lid hygiene. Notably, a significant advancement in the treatment of Demodex blepharitis is the FDA approval of 0.25% lotilaner ophthalmic solution, which has demonstrated safety and efficacy with twice-daily application over six weeks.Summary: Pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea. It is underdiagnosed and associated with significant vision-threatening complications. While there is no established consensus on the most effective therapeutic strategy, management currently includes lid hygiene, topical/systemic antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, lubricants, and dietary supplements. Challenges arise from its chronicity, recurrence, and lack of standardized treatment protocols. This underscores the importance of early diagnosis, education, and continued research on treatment methods to prevent severe outcomes.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"314-321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0