COVID-19: ocular manifestations and associations with corneal transplant rejection and uveitis reactivation.

IF 2.6 2区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Ori Saban, Thuy Doan, Gerami D Seitzman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: To highlight the ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19 and review the evidence surrounding proposed associations with corneal transplant rejection and uveitis reactivation.

Recent findings: SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with various ocular manifestations, most commonly conjunctivitis. Less frequently, more severe complications such as uveitis, retinal vascular occlusions, and neuro-ophthalmic syndromes have been reported. These manifestations are theorized to occur secondary to both direct viral invasion as well as secondary systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation. While case reports suggest a possible link between COVID-19 infection and vaccination and corneal graft rejection, large cohort studies and meta-analyses have not confirmed an association. In contrast, retrospective data suggest a slight increase in uveitis recurrence following COVID-19 infection and vaccination in patients with prior uveitis.

Summary: Ocular involvement in COVID-19 ranges from mild conjunctivitis to rare, vision-threatening inflammatory and vascular complications. While case reports have suggested temporal links between COVID-19 infection or vaccination and corneal transplant rejection or uveitis reactivation, current evidence does not support an association with graft rejection, and only a slight increase in uveitis recurrence has been observed in certain high-risk populations. With longer follow-up and prospective analyses, a clearer understanding of underlying mechanisms and risk factors may emerge to better guide ophthalmic management during and beyond the pandemic.

COVID-19:眼部表现及其与角膜移植排斥反应和葡萄膜炎再激活的关系
综述的目的:强调与COVID-19相关的眼部表现,并回顾与角膜移植排斥反应和葡萄膜炎再激活相关的证据。最新发现:SARS-CoV-2与多种眼部表现有关,最常见的是结膜炎。更严重的并发症,如葡萄膜炎、视网膜血管闭塞和神经-眼综合征,也有少见的报道。这些表现被认为是继发于直接的病毒入侵以及继发的全身炎症和免疫失调。虽然病例报告表明COVID-19感染与疫苗接种和角膜移植排斥之间可能存在联系,但大型队列研究和荟萃分析尚未证实这种关联。相比之下,回顾性数据显示,既往葡萄膜炎患者感染COVID-19并接种疫苗后葡萄膜炎复发率略有增加。总结:2019冠状病毒病累及眼部的范围从轻度结膜炎到罕见的、威胁视力的炎症和血管并发症。虽然病例报告表明COVID-19感染或疫苗接种与角膜移植排斥反应或葡萄膜炎再激活之间存在时间上的联系,但目前的证据并不支持与移植排斥反应相关,并且在某些高危人群中仅观察到葡萄膜炎复发的轻微增加。通过更长的随访和前瞻性分析,可以更清楚地了解潜在机制和风险因素,从而更好地指导大流行期间和之后的眼科管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
5.40%
发文量
120
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology is an indispensable resource featuring key up-to-date and important advances in the field from around the world. With renowned guest editors for each section, every bimonthly issue of Current Opinion in Ophthalmology delivers a fresh insight into topics such as glaucoma, refractive surgery and corneal and external disorders. With ten sections in total, the journal provides a convenient and thorough review of the field and will be of interest to researchers, clinicians and other healthcare professionals alike.
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