Xiaolian Zhang , Ying Liu , Yangfei Zhang , Wenyi Tan , Sipeng Hao , Can Huang
{"title":"An improved voltage-power control strategy of wind power-to-hydrogen systems considering hydrogen high sensitivity factors","authors":"Xiaolian Zhang , Ying Liu , Yangfei Zhang , Wenyi Tan , Sipeng Hao , Can Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Now a power-to-hydrogen (P2H) system becomes an important solution to address wind energy uncertainty and wind power curtailment. This paper is focused on the P2H efficiency enhancement from the control perspective. First, a wind energy based P2H model is presented, where the impact factors on the hydrogen production efficiency are quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed through grey relational analysis (GRA). It is found that compared with the turbulence intensity, electrolytic water temperature, and energy storage capacity, the DC bus voltage and average wind speed produce higher influence on hydrogen production efficiency. Based on such findings, an improved voltage-power droop control strategy considering the highly sensitive factors is proposed. Compared with traditional voltage-power control strategy, the proposed control strategy can improve the hydrogen production efficiency along with the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage system. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified with MATLAB/Simulink studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A double-ended fault location method for hybrid transmission line based on rotary phasors","authors":"Xin Zhao , Qin Shu , Chang Wang , Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid transmission lines, consisting of overhead lines and underground cables, are widely employed in urban areas. Transient faults in such hybrid lines, coupled with the non-homogeneous nature of line parameters and short fault durations, present challenges for fault location. In this paper, a double-ended fault location method based on rotary phasors is proposed for hybrid lines and transient faults. The method offers the following advantages: 1) it is suitable for hybrid lines with multiple segments having varying impedance parameters, and does not require prior knowledge of the faulted segment; 2) it directly computes fault location from sampled values without the need for phasor extraction, allowing the use of time windows shorter than one cycle, making it well-suited for transient faults. The method is divided into three stages: defining rotary phasors with the sampled values and calculating instantaneous electrical quantities at each end of each segment, decoupling the line using the instantaneous symmetrical component method, and locating the fault through an optimization problem. Fault location for each segment is determined through global search, with the valid fault location being identified as the final result. A series of simulations were performed in MATLAB, validating the method's effectiveness and accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z.M. Khurshid , M. Z. A. Ab Kadir , N. F. Ab Aziz , Z.A. Rhazali , N. Azis
{"title":"Harmonic distortion analysis in power system due to geomagnetically induced currents","authors":"Z.M. Khurshid , M. Z. A. Ab Kadir , N. F. Ab Aziz , Z.A. Rhazali , N. Azis","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) flowing through power transformers during geomagnetic disturbances (GMD) can cause increased reactive power demands, voltage stability issues, and significant harmonic distortions in the system due to transformer half-cycle saturation. The harmonic contents in transformers vary based on core type, air-path flux, and transformer configuration. These effects ultimately impact the quality and reliability of power transfers in the system. This paper investigates the harmonic distortions of a small-scale system with different types of transformers in the Malaysian power grid under GIC events. The simulation model is built using Power Systems Computer-Aided Design (PSCAD) software, and simulation results are computed for various GIC values. The results show that transformer saturation due to GICs can generate high levels of harmonics in the system and drastically increase reactive power losses. The worst-case harmonics are observed in the current waveforms through the static VAr compensator (SVC) connected to a 500 kV bus. Based on the findings, recommendations are provided to the industry and system operators to mitigate the harmonics and their effects during GMD events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust unscented Kalman filter based on minimum error entropy with fiducial points utilizing generalized Versoria-Gaussian kernel to forecasting-aided state estimation for power systems","authors":"Duc Viet Nguyen , Haiquan Zhao , Jinhui Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an outstanding forecasting-aided state estimation method for power systems, unscented Kalman filters (UKF) based on information theoretic criteria have been widely applied in recent years. In this paper, a robust UKF based on minimum error entropy with fiducial points utilizing generalized Versoria-Gaussian kernel (R-GVG-MEEF-UKF) is proposed to overcome non-Gaussian noise and outliers, sudden load changes, and bad measurement data. Specifically, the statistical linearization technique is applied to merge the measurement and state errors in the cost function and through fixed-point iteration to obtain the state estimate value. At the same time, to solve the problem of the influence of kernel shape coefficients, a framework for automatically searching for the optimal value of these coefficients is developed. In addition, the <em>QR</em> decomposition method is utilized to ensure the condition of the Cholesky decomposition. Finally, through IEEE-14,30,57 bus test systems, the numerical results have confirmed the high accuracy of the proposed algorithm compared with the existing algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MAMBA2NILM: a non-intrusive load monitoring approach combined the SENet attention mechanism and Mamba2","authors":"Chunning Na, Yudi Zhou, Feng Li, Huan Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) aims to disaggregate smart meter measurement into individual appliance-level power consumption. Existing Transformer-based models in NILM often fail to capture local signal features, resulting in suboptimal decomposition performance and excessive training times. To address these challenges, we propose Mamba2NILM, a hybrid framework integrating the Squeeze and Excitation networks (SENet) and Mamba2 into a Transformer architecture. This design synergistically balances local feature extraction and global context modeling, while reducing computational complexity. Additionally, the embedded SE module emphasizes indirect enhancement of periodic features and dynamic screening of multi-scale features. Experimental evaluations, including quantitative metrics and visual analysis, confirm that Mamba2NILM achieves superior efficiency and effectiveness, outperforming state-of-the-art baselines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111805"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpretable wind power forecasting with residual learning-based model","authors":"Rita Banik , Ankur Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate wind power forecasting is crucial for ensuring grid stability and enhancing energy output in renewable energy systems. Existing studies have prioritized maximizing accuracy through data preprocessing and model optimization, often overlooking the significant aspect of interpretability. This study proposes a novel ensemble approach to wind power forecasting that combines the strengths of two robust machine learning algorithms to enhance predictive accuracy while providing transparent and explainable results. The proposed model sequentially integrates CatBoost for initial predictions and XGBoost for modeling residuals. The proposed ensemble's sequential architecture is effective in capturing complex non-linear relationships and thereby addressing model biases. Additionally, integrating explainable AI methods ensures the interpretability of the factors affecting forecasts, thereby confirming the model's transparency and reliability. This clarity enriches the understanding of the model's decision-making process, thereby validating the results and enhancing their applicability for implementation in renewable energy systems. The dataset used in this study integrates several meteorological, turbine, and rotor parameters, and the model's performance is assessed using standard evaluation metrics, such as MSE, MAE, R² score, and MAPE. The results reveal that the ensemble technique outperforms individual models, emphasizing its potential to enhance accuracy in wind power prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quan Li , Yinjun Xiong , Denis Sidorov , Mohammed Ahsan Adib Murad , Muyang Liu
{"title":"Probabilistic power flow method based on monotonic consistency interpolation and enhanced sample permutation","authors":"Quan Li , Yinjun Xiong , Denis Sidorov , Mohammed Ahsan Adib Murad , Muyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial method for analyzing the randomness of renewable energy generation and the uncertainty of power flows, the probabilistic power flow (PPF) calculation provides reliable foundations for power flow optimization and security domain analysis for scenarios with high penetration of renewable energy. This paper proposes an improved PPF method, which addresses the common issues of low accuracy and limited applicability in the traditional PPF method. First, considering the random variables are typically represented as multiple discrete points in real world, the proposed PPF method utilizes a monotonic consistency-based piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomial (MCBP) method to fit the discrete points of random variables, thereby obtaining the cumulative distribution function with well-behaved mathematical performance for random variables and enhancing the scalability of the proposed method. Second, to improve the accuracy of the PPF calculation, a novel correlation analysis method named enhanced sample permutation (ESP) is proposed to reduce the correlation analysis errors that are generally overlooked by the existing PPF algorithms. Finally, the performance of the proposed method and error metrics are evaluated using multiple case studies, showing its advantages in accuracy and computational efficiency with the low sample size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursultan Koshkarbay , Karam Khairullah Mohammed , Saad Mekhilef , Nurzhigit Kuttybay , Dinara Almen , Ahmet Saymbetov , Madiyar Nurgaliyev
{"title":"Improved MPPT technology for PV systems using Social Spider optimization (SSO): Efficient handling of partial shading and load variations","authors":"Nursultan Koshkarbay , Karam Khairullah Mohammed , Saad Mekhilef , Nurzhigit Kuttybay , Dinara Almen , Ahmet Saymbetov , Madiyar Nurgaliyev","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV) systems are a key renewable energy source, but weather variability poses challenges in maximizing solar power capture, particularly under partial shading conditions (PSC), which cause local peaks and global peak. Various optimization strategies for tracking the global point have been proposed. While the complexity of the method, the number of tuning parameters, the convergence speed, and the fluctuations in load are the major drawbacks of these optimization techniques. This work proposes an enhanced Social Spider Optimization (ISSO) technique that improves the convergence speed towards the maximum power point. Furthermore, a novel method has been developed to improve speed response during load changes and can be implemented with all DC-DC converters. Different types of sophisticated partial shading conditions were tested using a SEPIC converter with a sample time of 0.05 s. According to the obtained results, the suggested ISSO approach has shown the excellent performance, with 0.63 s of average tracking time under various types of weather conditions and an efficiency of 99.97%. Moreover, a comparison is carried out to compare the proposed technique with current metaheuristic approaches. While the results demonstrates the effectiveness of the suggested algorithm regarding rapid tracking and improved efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An online clustering-based optimal distributed damping controller design","authors":"Azin Atarodi , Hêmin Golpîra , Hassan Bevrani","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inter-area low-frequency oscillations with poor damping have long presented challenges in interconnected power systems, leading to the development of various damping control strategies. This paper introduces a novel method for designing Optimally Distributed Damping Control (ODDC) to enhance the damping ratios of critical inter-area modes while minimizing communication links, thereby increasing system stability. The non-convex nature of structural constraints adds complexity to identifying the optimal communication topology among control units in distributed frameworks. To address this, a computationally efficient Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) relaxation technique is applied to solve the non-convex ODDC problem. Additionally, a combined clustering framework is proposed to dynamically update controller coefficients based on mode identification using wide-area measurement data, ensuring effective damping of inter-area oscillations. The IEEE New England 39-bus system, simulated in MATLAB, serves as the validation platform, demonstrating the ODDC method’s effectiveness. Simulation results indicate that an optimal distributed configuration with a single communication link substantially enhances small-signal stability. Moreover, the adaptive updating module successfully provides new coefficients to restore adequate damping ratios when pre-designed controllers lose effectiveness under varying operating conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arqum Shahid, Roya Ahmadiahangar, Jako Kilter, Argo Rosin
{"title":"Data-driven quantification and aggregation of demand-side flexibility for symmetrical bidding in energy balancing markets","authors":"Arqum Shahid, Roya Ahmadiahangar, Jako Kilter, Argo Rosin","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern power grids are transitioning towards a net-zero framework with carbon-neutral, and weather-dependent generation, necessitating substantial demand-side flexibility to manage the variability in generation and consumption. This paper introduces a data-driven approach to quantify and aggregate demand-side flexibility for effective participation in the energy balancing market. The methodology applies machine learning algorithms to characterize and quantify flexibility from various household appliances, including shiftable loads, thermostatic devices, and battery storage systems, while considering dynamic usage behavior. The quantified flexibility is aggregated per appliance type across households, generating flexibility profiles for both low and high comfort disturbance zones, enabling a detailed assessment of flexibility potential within a residential community. The aggregated flexibility is then optimized using a sequential Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to maximize utilization while adhering to operational and market constraints, including minimizing user discomfort and fulfilling symmetrical bidding requirements for both up- and down-regulation over the next four-hour pool. Two case studies are presented: the first demonstrates the flexibility quantification of a single household, illustrating dynamic user behavior in appliance usage, while the second presents the aggregated flexibility of multiple households, showcasing community-level potential. The results validate the approach's effectiveness in quantifying and aggregating demand-side flexibility, achieving an average utilization of 82 % from the low comfort zone, thereby reducing user discomfort and facilitating strategic participation in balancing markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}