Electric Power Systems Research最新文献

Efficient modeling of parallel counterpoise wires using an FDTD-based transmission line approach 利用基于fdtd的传输线方法对并联平衡线进行有效建模

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111816

Naiara Duarte , Rafael Alipio , Felipe Vasconcellos , Farhad Rachidi

{"title":"Efficient modeling of parallel counterpoise wires using an FDTD-based transmission line approach","authors":"Naiara Duarte , Rafael Alipio , Felipe Vasconcellos , Farhad Rachidi","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an efficient modeling approach for parallel counterpoise wires used in the tower-footing grounding systems of high-voltage transmission lines. The proposed method is based on transmission line theory, with the governing equations solved using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique. The formulation incorporates frequency-dependent effects in both longitudinal impedance and shunt admittance, and its accuracy is validated through comparison with a rigorous electromagnetic model. The results show excellent agreement between the models, with deviations below 5 % across all analyzed cases, becoming negligible as soil resistivity increases. It was also observed that increasing the separation distance between the counterpoise wires leads to a reduction in both the Ground Potential Rise (GPR) and impulse impedance, although this reduction is not particularly significant, ranging from approximately 10 % to 13 % for the analyzed soil resistivities when the separation distance is increased fourfold. A novel finding of this study is that the effective length of counterpoise wires is independent of the separation distance between them, which simplifies the design process for transmission lines with varying right-of-way widths. Additionally, the developed formulation allows for the future incorporation of nonlinear effects, such as soil ionization, providing an accurate and computationally efficient tool for analyzing and designing the lightning response of grounding systems in high-voltage transmission lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysing the electric vehicle charging behaviour in Spain: Patterns and insights 分析西班牙的电动汽车充电行为：模式和见解

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111853

Jordi Guasch Albareda , Mohamed Ramadan Younis , Pablo Rodilla , José Pablo Chaves Ávila

{"title":"Analysing the electric vehicle charging behaviour in Spain: Patterns and insights","authors":"Jordi Guasch Albareda , Mohamed Ramadan Younis , Pablo Rodilla , José Pablo Chaves Ávila","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is a key component of Spain’s strategy for achieving sustainable transportation and energy systems. This paper analyses EV charging behaviour using individual smart meter data from over 20,000 Spanish EV users, offering insights into charging session timing, duration, energy consumption, and power load trends—including variations among regions and tariff structures-.</div><div>Our findings show that most charging sessions take place during the nighttime tariff period (1:00 AM to 7:00 AM), when electricity prices are lower, highlighting the effectiveness of time-of-use pricing in shifting demand to off-peak hours. However, this behaviour also leads to a coincident peak in electricity consumption, which could pose challenges as EV adoption increases and may require further attention to avoid grid stress.</div><div>Leveraging a large, representative dataset in the Spanish context, the results of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers and energy market stakeholders seeking to optimize EV integration and mitigate the potential impacts of widespread electrification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic response characterization and multi-parameter cooperative control of virtual synchronous generator 虚拟同步发电机动态响应特性及多参数协同控制

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111839

Shaoyu Ma , Xiangyang Xia , Xinwen Huang , Xiaoyue Zhao , Hualong Deng , Yu Gong , Ru Huang

{"title":"Dynamic response characterization and multi-parameter cooperative control of virtual synchronous generator","authors":"Shaoyu Ma , Xiangyang Xia , Xinwen Huang , Xiaoyue Zhao , Hualong Deng , Yu Gong , Ru Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In grid-forming (GFM) energy storage power conversion systems (PCS) employing virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control, significant oscillations in active power and frequency outputs from the active power loop (APL) of the VSG are observed during fault conditions. To enhance the contribution of VSG control in ensuring active power-frequency (<em>P</em>-<em>f</em>) stability while maintaining long-term system operational stability, a multi-parameter coordinated control (MACC) strategy is proposed to address the inherent contradictions and limitations of fixed-parameter VSG control in this paper. First, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to elucidate the influence mechanisms of inertia <em>J</em>, damping coefficient <em>D</em>, and droop coefficient <em>m</em> on APL dynamic outputs through multiple analytical approaches. Subsequently, considering both the distinct characteristics between <em>D</em> and <em>m</em> and the correlation between <em>m</em> and the system's <em>P</em>-<em>f</em> characteristics, an adaptive control strategy integrating these three parameters was developed. This section further details the underlying design principles and parameter tuning methodology. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of the MACC strategy under various fault scenarios were validated through rigorous simulation studies and RT-LAB platform testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parameter-free ultralocal model-based predictive voltage control for three-phase four-leg inverters 基于无参数超局部模型的三相四腿逆变器电压预测控制

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111815

Xiaoxiao Huo, Po Li

引用次数: 0

Assessing potential benefits of dynamic frequency restoration reserve dimensioning in multi-area power systems 多区域电力系统动态频率恢复储备量纲的潜在效益评估

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111807

Abolfazl Khodadadi , Henrik Nordström , Robert Eriksson , Lennart Söder

{"title":"Assessing potential benefits of dynamic frequency restoration reserve dimensioning in multi-area power systems","authors":"Abolfazl Khodadadi , Henrik Nordström , Robert Eriksson , Lennart Söder","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the potential benefits of dynamic Frequency Restoration Reserve (FRR) allocation and dimensioning in a multi-area context, focusing on the Nordic Load-Frequency Control block. Emphasis is placed on how the available information impacts the FRR dimensioning. To assess the potential benefits, a model for multi-area FRR dimensioning is proposed, applicable to both static and dynamic dimensioning approaches. The proposed FRR dimensioning model includes a new application of a methodology to simulate imbalance scenarios and sequentially dimensions FRR capacity for reference incidents and normal imbalances. The main benefit of dynamic FRR dimensioning is that the need for FRR capacity is continuously updated according to the expected short-term operating conditions, such that the daily reliability level is always close to the desired reliability level. Case study results show that dynamic FRR dimensioning can lead to a reduction in total reserve needs compared to a static approach. This reduction is significantly larger if FRR is dimensioned after the clearing of the day-ahead market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pressure and thermal network modeling of undirected disc-type windings in ON transformers ON变压器无向盘型绕组的压力和热网络建模

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111806

Xiang Su , Hua Li , Yudong Jiang , Fuchang Lin

{"title":"Pressure and thermal network modeling of undirected disc-type windings in ON transformers","authors":"Xiang Su , Hua Li , Yudong Jiang , Fuchang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 110 kV small and medium capacity oil-immersed transformers, part of the winding structure is undirected disc-type, relying on the natural convection circulation of insulation oil for heat dissipation. The hot-spot temperature is an essential indicator for measuring the insulation performance and safety margin of transformers, and it is of great significance to calculate it quickly and accurately. In this paper, the critical parameters of different structural units in the undirected disc-type winding are extracted by combining semi-analytical calculations and CFD (computational fluid dynamic) parametric scanning. On this basis, the pressure and thermal network model is established to solve the hot-spot temperature iteratively. Subsequently, CFD simulations based on the finite volume method are carried out to verify the accuracy of the pressure and thermal network model. The maximum relative error of the computed results of the two methods is 1.684%. The pressure and thermal network model performs much better in computation speed, increasing 180 times. It is also found that the hot-spot temperature has a linear relationship with the heat generation power, while the hot-spot location is independent. If the positive feedback of the temperature coefficient of copper resistivity on the heat generation power is considered, the computed hot-spot temperature rise will increase by 13%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Joint application of Crested Porcupine Optimizer and hybrid models in short-term wind power load forecasting 峰顶豪猪优化器与混合模型在风电短期负荷预测中的联合应用

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111814

Zhongjun Yang, Ke Xu, Huaici Zhao, Beimin Su

{"title":"Joint application of Crested Porcupine Optimizer and hybrid models in short-term wind power load forecasting","authors":"Zhongjun Yang, Ke Xu, Huaici Zhao, Beimin Su","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the large-scale grid integration of renewable energy sources such as wind power, their inherent uncertainty and prediction difficulty pose challenges to power grid dispatching. To address this, this paper proposes for the first time a combination of the Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO) with Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN), Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU), and self-attention mechanisms to construct a short-term wind power load forecasting model. Initially, TCN enhances the model’s ability to process time series data. Then, BiGRU captures bidirectional dependencies. Finally, the attention mechanism assigns weights to highly relevant information. Compared with traditional static parameter models, CPO dynamically adjusts the kernel size of TCN, the dimension of BiGRU hidden layers, attention weights, and regularization coefficients through the Cyclic Population Reduction (CPR) technique, significantly improving the model’s prediction accuracy. Compared with the unoptimized TCN-BiGRU-Attention model, our method reduces the Mean Squared Error (MSE) by 32.18%, and compared with the model optimized by the Grey Wolf Optimizer, the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is reduced by 30.48%. The prediction error of CPO-TCN-BiGRU-Attention is significantly lower than that of other models, as confirmed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (<span><math><mi>p</mi></math></span> <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05), providing high-precision support for practical power grid dispatching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modified passive anti-islanding scheme with dual indices and u-transform-based state estimation 基于u-变换状态估计的双指标改进被动抗孤岛方案

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111858

Huma Umber Naz , Faisal Mumtaz , Kashif Imran , Syed Basit Ali Bukhari

{"title":"Modified passive anti-islanding scheme with dual indices and u-transform-based state estimation","authors":"Huma Umber Naz , Faisal Mumtaz , Kashif Imran , Syed Basit Ali Bukhari","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microgrids are localized energy networks capable of operating independently or in coordination with the main grid, enhancing reliability and flexibility. Islanding detection is critical to ensuring safe microgrid operation by identifying unintended isolation from the main grid. This paper proposes a passive islanding detection method based on dual indices using the Unscented Transform (UT)-based Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) algorithm. The three-phase voltage signature, acquired at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC)/Distributed Generation (DG) terminal, undergoes preprocessing before being fed into the UKF. The UKF performs state estimation and detects islanding through two novel indices: the Squared Summation of Segregated Voltage (SSSV) and the Cumulative Total Harmonic Distortion (CTHD). Islanding and non-islanding events are distinguished by comparing these indices against predefined thresholds. The proposed method is validated using the IEEE-13 bus test system in MATLAB/Simulink (2023a), demonstrating high efficiency, 98 % accuracy, and a rapid detection time of 0.5 ms. Additionally, the technique exhibits a minimal Non-Detection Zone (NDZ), ensuring robust performance under various grid conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the influence of water droplet particle size distribution on transmission line icing 水滴粒径分布对输电线路结冰影响的研究

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111840

Xingbo Han , Guanjie Qiao , Xingliang Jiang

{"title":"Study on the influence of water droplet particle size distribution on transmission line icing","authors":"Xingbo Han , Guanjie Qiao , Xingliang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the environmental parameters influencing conductor icing prediction, the rapid and complex variations in droplet size parameters are the most challenging to obtain. To evaluate the impact of droplet size parameters on the accuracy of icing calculations, this study, based on the droplet collision theory of conductors, numerically analyzed the differences in droplet collision coefficients obtained using the MVD and droplet size distribution under various environmental conditions. Furthermore, the study quantified the relationship between droplet collision trajectories and collision coefficients for different conductor icing thicknesses based on natural observations of conductor icing morphologies. The model in this paper is an improvement based on the Makkonen model. Also considering the processes of collision, capture, and freezing of water droplets during conductor icing, this model takes into account the influence of droplet size distribution on the ice accretion characteristics of conductors (including droplet collision, freezing, ice morphology, and type, etc.). Corresponding natural icing observation experiments were also conducted. The results indicate that, under different environmental conditions, using MVD instead of the droplet size distribution can result in relative errors in the droplet collision coefficient ranging from 14 % to 300 %. Under certain conditions, significant differences in icing type and morphology were also observed. The findings of this study provide technical references for the rational selection of droplet size parameters in conductor icing predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lightning-induced voltage on overhead conductors in urban areas: A study on how the air gap between buildings affects the shielding effect 城市架空导线雷击电压：建筑物间气隙对屏蔽效果影响的研究

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Electric Power Systems Research Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111795

Susana Naranjo Villamil , Daniele Mestriner

{"title":"Lightning-induced voltage on overhead conductors in urban areas: A study on how the air gap between buildings affects the shielding effect","authors":"Susana Naranjo Villamil , Daniele Mestriner","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lightning-induced voltages significantly contribute to flashovers in medium-voltage (MV) overhead distribution lines. These voltages, generated by the electromagnetic fields of nearby lightning strikes, pose a substantial risk to system reliability and operational safety. The magnitude of these induced voltages strongly depends on the surrounding environment, particularly on the presence and characteristics of nearby objects. Nearby objects can influence the voltage waveform across pole insulators, either by altering its shape or attenuating its intensity. This study investigates the specific impact of the presence of air gaps between adjacent buildings on the induced voltage along MV lines placed in urban areas. By comparing scenarios involving separated buildings to those where a single continuous structure is considered, the research highlights how the structural configuration affects the line’s susceptibility to electromagnetic fields. To evaluate the impact, simulations are conducted using a Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method-based solver. This computational approach enables detailed analysis of both the spatial variations in electric field strength and the temporal evolution of the induced voltage along the line. The results provide insights into the electromagnetic interactions between the distribution lines and their surrounding structures, offering valuable information for optimizing the design and layout of MV distribution systems to mitigate lightning-induced hazards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 111795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0