Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of frequency-dependent dielectric properties features on the accuracy of cancerous liver tissue identification.","authors":"Xiao Wang, Guofang Xu, Chunyou Ye, Yinhao Ren, Xuefei Yu, Jijun Han","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2748639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2748639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differences in the dielectric properties of normal and cancer tissues provide invaluable information for distinguishing them. The open-ended coaxial probe technique is a recognized method for measuring the dielectric properties of normal and cancerous tissues. Machine learning is widely used to classify these tissues on the basis of their dielectric properties. However, the current classification technique is error‑prone, as selecting an insufficient number of features may result in diminished accuracy, whereas selecting an excessive number can lead to overfitting in classification models. This study systematically investigated the impact of noise and individual variability, with particular emphasis on how the number of frequency points, which represents the features, influences the accuracy of cancer identification. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm was used to analyze the dielectric properties, and the model was generalized to phantoms. Results demonstrate that as the number of frequency points increases, accuracy stabilizes and improves. However, accuracy gradually plateaued and slightly decreased with excessive frequency points, suggesting potential overfitting. A comprehensive analysis recommends using 20 frequency points for accurate tissue identification. When generalized to phantom dielectric properties data, the model misclassified only one phantom. The dielectric properties offer valuable insights into medical diagnostics. The KNN was effective in distinguishing between normal and cancer tissues. This study also provides practical recommendations for cost-effective dielectric properties analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep electric field focusing in temporal interference stimulation: a comparative analysis of TI-tACS and TI-TMS.","authors":"Zhongfei Wang, Jie Wang, Leyi Chen, Yun Chen, Shancheng Yu","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2740231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2740231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques using non-ionizing electromagnetic fields face a persistent trade-off between spatial focality and stimulation depth when targeting deep brain structures. This study systematically compares two temporal interference (TI) stimulation modalities-current-injection-based TI transcranial alternating current stimulation (TI-tACS) and electromagnetic-induction-based TI transcranial magnetic stimulation (TI-TMS)-with respect to their electric field distributions and depth-attenuation profiles at a generic deep target positioned at a depth consistent with the approximate location of the hippocampus. A four-layer concentric spherical finite element head model comprising scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue was constructed. Under a unified simulation framework, the envelope electric field intensity distributions, shallow-to-deep energy ratios, and radial attenuation behaviours of both modalities were quantitatively evaluated across a range of inter-coil/inter-electrode angles. Simulation results demonstrate that TI-tACS exhibits pronounced depth-dependent attenuation, with this phenomenon being mainly attributed to the high impedance of the skull. Deep-field enhancement in TI-tACS is consistently accompanied by increased superficial field exposure, and its spatial distribution is also sensitive to stimulation configuration parameters. In contrast, TI-TMS generates induced electric fields that are less influenced by variations in tissue conductivity, thereby yielding a relatively uniform depth-distribution profile. Under the present modelling conditions, TI-TMS demonstrates higher deep-targeting efficiency relative to scalp exposure, though at the cost of greater whole-brain field distribution. These complementary metrics suggest that the relative merits of the two modalities are application-dependent rather than absolute. These findings clarify the mechanistic differences between the two TI modalities with respect to electromagnetic field propagation and interaction with biological tissue, offering a computational basis for parameter optimisation in non-invasive deep brain stimulation research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability responses to 26 GHz millimeter-wave exposure in healthy young adults.","authors":"Lisa Michelant, Layla Jamal, Erwan Stephan Blanchard, Tamara Baz, Benedicte Leveille Nizerolle, Laurent Hugueville, Philippe Leveque, Brahim Selmaoui","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2730027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2730027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ongoing expansion of 5 G networks, using millimeter waves like the 26 GHz frequency band, calls for a better understanding of their potential health effects. In this context, the acute effects of 26 GHz exposure on heart rate variability (HRV), a non-invasive marker of autonomic nervous system activity, were evaluated in healthy young adults. Using a triple-blind, randomized crossover design, 31 participants were exposed to both real and sham 26 GHz 5 G new radio modulated radiofrequency fields in a controlled, shielded environment. Exposure levels were set to reflect realistic upper environmental values (2 V/m at the head and 1 V/m at the torso). Throughout pre-exposure, exposure, and post-exposure phases, HRV was continuously measured under resting eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Analysis revealed no statistically significant differences across time- or frequency-domain HRV parameters between real and sham exposures at any phase of exposure. These data suggest that short-term exposure to 26 GHz millimeter waves at environmentally relevant intensities does not alter cardiac autonomic regulation in resting healthy adults. This aligns with the known limited tissue penetration of millimeter waves and the absence of clearly identified biological mechanisms affecting deeper autonomic control at these frequencies. Still, as the exposure duration was relatively brief and the population limited to healthy young individuals, further studies are needed to investigate longer exposures, potential effects during autonomic modulation such as orthostatic maneuvers, and responses in more diverse or vulnerable groups. However, these findings contribute valuable information indicating that no measurable acute physiological changes were observed under the specific environmental exposure conditions investigated; these findings do not address possible long-term or cumulative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148946059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular effects of moderate-intensity static magnetic field exposure in experimental heart failure using a characterized exposure system.","authors":"Güney Gürsoy, Seda Koçak, Mehmet Ekici, Kübra Tuğçe Kalkan, Esad Polat","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2728667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2728667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Experimental findings on the biological effects of 0 Hz static magnetic fields (SMFs), representing the static component of the non-ionizing electromagnetic spectrum, remain inconsistent because of differences in field characteristics and exposure conditions. This study investigated the effects of moderate-intensity SMF exposure on cardiovascular and histopathological changes in an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced rat model of experimental heart failure (EHF) using a characterized system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (Control, EHF, SMF, and EHF+SMF; <i>n</i> = 7/group). Experimental heart failure was induced by intraperitoneal ISO administration (5 mg/kg/day) for 7 consecutive days. Rats in the SMF and EHF+SMF groups were exposed to moderate-intensity SMF for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 21 days. The exposure system was characterized by two- and three-dimensional magnetic field mapping. Hemodynamics, electrocardiography, serum cardiac biomarkers (brain natriuretic peptide [BNP] and cardiac troponin T [cTnT]), and myocardial histopathology were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated ISO administration significantly reduced arterial pressure, produced selective electrocardiographic alterations, and induced myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. SMF exposure produced limited changes in hemodynamic, biochemical, and most electrocardiographic variables. Although BNP levels tended to decrease in the EHF+SMF group, neither BNP nor cTnT differed significantly from the untreated EHF group. In contrast, SMF exposure significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular congestion, and myocardial fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prolonged moderate-intensity SMF exposure had limited systemic cardiovascular effects but significantly reduced myocardial histopathological injury. These findings support further investigation of SMF exposure as a biophysical approach for modulating myocardial structural injury in experimental heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-frequency magnetic fields can improve behavioral abnormalities and suppress Aβ accumulation detected by thioflavin T in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> models of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Mirei Kiyota, Yangtai Jin, Naohiro Nemoto, Makiko Kakikawa","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2722639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2722639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation and Aβ-related senile plaques, the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), damage neurons and impair cognitive functions in patients. Previous studies have shown that low‑field magnetic stimulation attenuates Aβ and enhances cognitive performance. In this study, AD models of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> expressing Aβ in the nerves were placed in a low-frequency magnetic field (LFMF) and then subjected to a chemotaxis assay to evaluate attractive behavior. In control <i>C. elegans</i> (CL2122), which do not express Aβ but carried only the vector, the chemotactic behavior was normal and unaffected by LFMF. In contrast, in the AD model expressing Aβ within the nervous system, abnormalities in chemotactic behavior were observed; however, these were improved in a manner dependent on LFMF strength. In addition, the AD model expressing Aβ in the muscle exhibited paralysis, which was significantly attenuated by LFMF. Thioflavin T staining revealed that, in the AD model expressing in muscles, Aβ accumulation declined in the LFMF-treated group compared to that of the non-LFMF group. These results suggest that LFMF can improve abnormal chemotactic behavior and attenuate Aβ-induced paralysis by suppressing the accumulation and aggregation of Aβ in a <i>C. elegans</i> model of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Electromagnetic Field simulation and Axial Scalable Context Adaptive Frilled Lizard Reverse Graph Attention networks framework for high-fidelity non-ionizing brain tumor imaging.","authors":"Badiganchela Shiva Kumar, B Raja Sekhar Reddy, Mohandass G, Shirisha J, Badri Narayanan D, Kavitha V P","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2710711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2710711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing demand for safe and high-resolution medical diagnostics has accelerated the adoption of non-ionizing imaging modalities, particularly Electromagnetic Field (EMF)-based brain tumor imaging, which enables radiation-free visualization with enhanced tissue differentiation. Despite these advantages, conventional EMF imaging systems suffer from low sensitivity to weak signals, suboptimal reflection and transmission coefficients, and high computational complexity, leading to reduced diagnostic accuracy. To address these limitations, this paper proposes an integrated framework combining Electromagnetic Field Simulation with an Axial Scalable Context Adaptive Frilled Lizard Reverse Graph Attention Network (Axial-SCAF-LRGAN). The proposed model synergistically incorporates a Scalable and Adaptive Graph Neural Network and a Context Axial Reverse Attention Network to effectively capture contextual and spatial dependencies, while the Frilled Lizard Optimization algorithm is employed for optimal parameter tuning and enhanced learning efficiency. Experimental evaluations demonstrate superior electromagnetic performance, achieving a gain of 9.86 dBi, a reflection coefficient S11 of -37.42 dB, and a transmission coefficient S21 of -22.18 dB, indicating minimal reflection losses and efficient signal transmission. Computational analysis further reveals a low processing time of 0.29 s, RMSE of 2.41, and correlation coefficient of 0.99, reflecting high predictive consistency. The framework attains an accuracy of 99.8%, sensitivity of 99.7%, specificity of 99.6%, and F1-score of 99.75%, confirming its effectiveness for efficient, non-invasive brain tumor imaging with enhanced clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to comments by Foster et al.","authors":"Dimitris J Panagopoulos, Roman Litovsky, Kent Chamberlin","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2707966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2707966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Recording the extremely low‑frequency pulsations of wireless communication electromagnetic fields, by Dimitris J. Panagopoulos et al. electromagnetic biology and medicine\" https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2654072.","authors":"Kenneth R Foster, David Maxson, Peter M Zollman","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2707969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2707969","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of nonunion after high tibial osteotomy using combined Extracorporeal Magnetotransduction Therapy (EMTT) and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT): a case report.","authors":"Martin Ringeisen, Elizabeth Bondi, Amol Saxena, Lennart Gerdesmeyer","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2710706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2710706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study applies pulsed electromagnetic fields, with Extracorporeal Magnetotransduction Therapy (EMTT) delivering high-intensity magnetic pulses at approximately 80 mT for therapeutic bone stimulation. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a commonly performed joint-preserving procedure for patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis and malalignment of the mechanical axis. One potential complication after HTO is impaired bone healing at the osteotomy site, which can lead to nonunion. The standard treatment for nonunion typically involves surgical revision with autologous bone grafting, a method that carries the risk of increased morbidity and healthcare burden. In recent years, Extracorporeal Magnetotransduction Therapy (EMTT) and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) have gained attention as emerging non-invasive treatment modalities in bone regeneration and fracture healing. This case report describes a 51-year-old male with nonunion following medial open-wedge HTO, presenting with pain and limited mobility. He received five sessions of combined EMTT and ESWT. Four weeks later, imaging confirmed complete bone healing. The patient recovered fully without complications or need for revision surgery. This case demonstrates the potential of EMTT and ESWT as non-invasive treatment options for managing nonunion following osteotomy. Further prospective studies are needed to assess their clinical efficacy and support their integration into standard treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148609684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined radiofrequency electromagnetic and pulsed magnetic field exposure enhances gastric ulcer healing via eNOS-mediated angiogenesis in young rats.","authors":"Abdulkerim Elmas, Halil Asci, Muhammet Yusuf Tepebasi, Rumeysa Taner, Muhammed Burak Selver, Orhan Imeci, Selcuk Comlekci, Mustafa Akcam, Ozlem Ozmen","doi":"10.1080/15368378.2026.2697839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2697839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined whether combined exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) and pulsed magnetic field (PMF)s confers gastroprotective and pro-healing effects in an acute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model by modulating inflammatory, apoptotic, and regenerative pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two female Wistar albino rats were allocated into four groups (Control, RF-EMF+PMF, Ulcer, Ulcer+RF-EMF+PMF; <i>n</i> = 8 each). Gastric ulcers were induced by oral ethanol administration (0.5 ml/100 g). Our innovative exposure combination of 30-min active/90-min passive cycles of 27.12 MHz RF-EMF (with electric field intensity of 10 V/m) +continuously 1 Hz PMF (with magnetic field intensity of 0.5 mT) was applied for 7 d. Histopathological scoring evaluated mucosal injury, leukocyte infiltration and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry assessed caspase-3 (Cas-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. Molecular signaling of epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ulcer induction caused pronounced mucosal damage with increased leukocyte infiltration, hemorrhage and marked elevations in Cas-3, IL-6 and TNF-α, along with reduced EGF, while EGF and VEGF remained unchanged. RF-EMF+PMF treatment in ulcerated rats markedly reduced mucosal injury, suppressed inflammatory and apoptotic markers, partially restored EGF and VEGF levels and significantly increased eNOS expression. In non-ulcerated rats, RF-EMF+PMF exposure produced values comparable to those of the control group, indicating no detectable adverse effect on healthy gastric tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RF-EMF+PMF exposure provides gastroprotective and reparative effects by reducing inflammation, suppressing apoptosis and improving partial microvascular-related signaling. The application did not cause damage to healthy tissue, supporting its safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50544,"journal":{"name":"Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148399888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}