European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids最新文献

{"title":"Projectile impact behavior of drop-stitch inflatables","authors":"Tyler Chu,&nbsp;Akash Pandey,&nbsp;Dillon Fontaine,&nbsp;Helio Matos,&nbsp;Arun Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The response of drop-stitch inflatable panels to low-velocity projectile impacts was experimentally investigated. Projectile interaction with the specimen and the back face specimen deformation was recorded using high-speed imaging, and the back face deformations of the specimen was analyzed using digital image correlation technique. The strain energy in the inflatable membrane (back face) was also estimated using the full-field strain data. Analysis of the impact response of inflatables suggests several ways to control the back face deflection for any given load, as well as the importance of boundary conditions to the deflection behavior and energy distribution within the inflatable. Experimental results revealed a strong interplay of specimen thickness and internal pressure, and overall thicker inflatable panels exhibit lesser deflection. For six-fold increase in the internal pressure, the deflection decreased by 40 % in thicker inflatables and by up to 28 % in thin panels. At 206.8 kPa internal pressure, thick inflatable panels showed up to 28 % lesser deflection than the thin inflatables. Energy analysis revealed the significant role of sliding friction in dissipating large amounts of input energy, between 50 and 75 % of the input being lost. Furthermore, the jump in strain energy from impact increases with higher internal pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the biomechanical properties of soft biological tissues: Constitutive theories","authors":"Gerhard A. Holzapfel ,&nbsp;Ray W. Ogden","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past few years significant progress has been made in determining the biomechanical properties and the structure of soft biomechanical tissues which have been the basis of improved constitutive model descriptions. This paper provides a review of nonlinear isotropic and anisotropic constitutive models appropriate for description of the solid mechanical properties of soft biological tissues. The properties involve elastic, and inelastic responses including viscoelasticity, damage and poroviscoelasticity. In particular, the kinematics and stress and the required mathematical framework for constitutive equations for soft tissues including residual stresses, collagen fiber recruitment and dispersion are reviewed. Also included are test protocols required for the determination of the mechanical properties. A special note is also devoted to the important influence of the microstructure within the tissues. As a key representative example the extension and inflation of an artery wall is analyzed with a specific focus on consideration of fiber recruitment and damage. Finally, open problems are highlighted along with future directions that point to innovative approaches which may enable biomechanics research to be translated into tools for use in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy harvesting performance of fluid-immersed bimorph FG-GPLRC sandwich microplates in thermal gradient and magnetic field environments: A modified strain gradient theory approach","authors":"Pouyan Roodgar Saffari ,&nbsp;Peyman Roodgar Saffari ,&nbsp;Teerapong Senjuntichai ,&nbsp;Sina Askarinejad ,&nbsp;Kazem Ghabraie ,&nbsp;Chanachai Thongchom","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel investigation into the energy harvesting capabilities of fluid-immersed bimorph functionally graded graphene nanoplatelet reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) sandwich microplates under combined thermal gradient and magnetic field environments, considering various boundary conditions. To address the critical research gap in understanding size-dependent behavior of such systems, a theoretical framework combining modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) with first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is developed. The fluid-structure interaction forces are obtained through Navier-Stokes equations, while Hamilton's principle and Gauss's law are employed to derive the governing equations. Both the Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model and the law of mixtures are utilized to predict the effective material properties of FG-GPLRC with different graphene platelet distributions. The analysis reveals that series electrical configurations yield superior voltage and power output compared to parallel configurations in fluid-immersed environments. It is also shown that graphene platelet distribution patterns significantly influence energy harvesting efficiency, and thermal gradient effects substantially impact the system's performance. Comprehensive parametric analyses are provided examining the effects of piezoelectric connection types, boundary conditions, graphene distribution and loading, temperature variations, fluid depth, electrical load, and geometric dimensions on energy harvesting performance. The results of these analyses advance the understanding of micro-scale energy harvesting systems and provide valuable design guidelines for future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of external stack and lateral pressures on Li dendrite growth by phase field modelling","authors":"Shuqun Zhu ,&nbsp;Longfei Yang ,&nbsp;Yuli Chen,&nbsp;Bin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid-state lithium metal batteries have garnered considerable interest as next-generation energy storage devices owing to higher energy density and safety. However, uneven deposition at the Li anode/solid electrolyte (SE) interface during charging induces the growth of Li dendrites, posing significant safety risks due to potential short circuits. The interface evolution is intrinsically coupled with mechanical contact between the Li anode and SE, where external pressure plays a critical role. In this paper, we develop a mechano-electrochemical bi-coupled phase-field model to simulate Li dendrite growth under various loading conditions, thereby elucidating and quantifying the impact of external pressure - including both stack and lateral pressures on Li dendrite growth. Our key findings include: 1) The lateral widening and vertical penetration of Li dendrites can be inhibited under lateral pressure and stack pressure, respectively. Notably, the length and width of the Li dendrites are considerably reduced when stack and lateral pressures are simultaneously applied. The direction of inhibition is closely associated with the regions/branches which maintain higher stress and smooth surface. 2) Larger external pressure decreases the Li dendrite area and enhances space utilization, due to the reduced overall reaction rate at the Li dendrite/SE interface. 3) The uniformity of electrochemical reaction at Li dendrite/SE interface is improved under equal large stack and lateral pressures. These insights provide essential guidance for pressure management strategies in battery design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shock compression and spallation of ABS and ABS/PC blend under plate impact","authors":"Z.Y. Hu ,&nbsp;Y.X. Zhao ,&nbsp;J. Xu ,&nbsp;R.C. Pan ,&nbsp;H.W. Chai ,&nbsp;H.L. Xie ,&nbsp;N.B. Zhang ,&nbsp;L. Lu ,&nbsp;S.N. Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plate impact experiments are conducted on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and an ABS/polycarbonate (ABS/PC) blend to investigate their shock compression and spallation properties. The Hugoniot equation of state and shock-state sound speed are measured up to a peak shock stress of 1.6 GPa through reverse impact. Spall strength and tensile strain rate are derived from the free-surface velocity histories. Spall strength is approximately constant for both materials. The addition of 30 wt% PC results in an 270% increase in spall strength (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>46 MPa for ABS versus 170 MPa for ABS/PC). The underlying damage mechanisms are further investigated using X-ray computed tomography. Extensive ellipsoidal voids are observed in the postmortem ABS specimens, while thin, curved cracks are identified in ABS/PC samples. These differences in dynamic responses and damage mechanisms between ABS and ABS/PC can be attributed to internal particle cavitation, crazing and interface debonding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bending performance and crack propagation in biomimetic honeycomb structures for sustainable lightweight design","authors":"Donghang Jie ,&nbsp;Jie Bai ,&nbsp;Menghao Ran ,&nbsp;Dagang Yin ,&nbsp;Shiyun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to global resource shortages and environmental crises, lightweight design and resource-efficient utilization have emerged as pivotal technologies. This study innovatively introduces Fractal theory, which breaks the traditional paradigm of optimizing homogeneous materials, and establishes in 3D printed honeycomb structures a quantitative mapping relationship between crack propagation paths and fractal dimensions. The investigation focuses on 6 mm hexagonal honeycomb units, along with 5 mm and 10 mm square variants, exploring their drone design applications based on size-specific energy absorption characteristics. Using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology, we manufactured polylactic acid (PLA) honeycomb samples with hexagonal (Hex6) and square (Sq5, Sq10) topologies, with their mechanical responses characterized through quasi-static bending tests. Experimental results demonstrate that the hexagonal structure exhibits a unique multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism, showing 2.7% and 21.0% higher energy absorption capacity (0.7031 ± 0.0296 MJ/m³) compared to Sq5 (0.6847 ± 0.1213 MJ/m³) and Sq10 (0.5812 ± 0.0666 MJ/m³), respectively. Fractal analysis further reveals that Hex6's crack path fractal dimension (D _Hex6 = 1.4121 ± 0.0361) significantly exceeds those of Sq5 (1.4052 ± 0.0316) and Sq10 (1.3911 ± 0.0324). These findings resolve the longstanding ambiguity between structural performance and failure mechanisms in existing research, establishing a bio-inspired lightweight design framework that synergistically integrates geometric configuration, manufacturing processes, and mechanical performance for multidimensional optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards active stiffness control in pattern-forming pneumatic metamaterials","authors":"Ondřej Faltus ,&nbsp;Milan Jirásek ,&nbsp;Martin Horák ,&nbsp;Martin Doškář ,&nbsp;Ron Peerlings ,&nbsp;Jan Zeman ,&nbsp;Ondřej Rokoš","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pattern-forming metamaterials feature microstructures specifically designed to change the material’s macroscopic properties due to internal instabilities. These can be triggered either by mechanical deformation or, in the case of active materials, by other external stimuli, such as pneumatic actuation. We study a two-dimensional rectangular lattice microstructure which is pneumatically actuated by non-uniform pressure patterns in its voids, and demonstrate that this actuation may lead to different instability patterns. The patterns are associated with a significant reduction in the macroscopic stiffness of the material. The magnitude of this reduction can be controlled by different arrangements of the pressure actuation, thus choosing the precise buckled shape of the microstructure. We develop an analytical model and complement it with computational tests on a two-dimensional plane-strain finite element model. We explain the phenomenon and discuss ways of further developing the concept to actively control the stiffness of materials and structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105632"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-mechanically coupled pure-shear cyclic deformation of dielectric elastomers at different temperatures: Experiments and constitutive model","authors":"Pengyu Ma,&nbsp;Kaijuan Chen,&nbsp;Guozheng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study initially conducts experimental observations on the electro-mechanically coupled pure-shear cyclic deformation of VHB™4910 dielectric elastomer at varying temperatures. The experimental results indicate that the temperature alteration has a considerable impact on the electro-mechanically coupled deformation of this elastomer. Under the strain-controlled cyclic deformation, the voltage application causes a decrease of stress response; but its decreased amount at different temperatures is almost the same. Under the stress-controlled cyclic deformation, the voltage application increases the ratchetting strain of the elastomer, leading to a reduction of sample thickness, which further amplifies the effect of voltage; meanwhile, the impact of voltage on the ratchetting amplifies as the temperature increases. Moreover, the electro-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation of VHB™4910 dielectric elastomer also shows significant loading level/loading rate dependence. Based on the experimental results, a temperature-dependent electro-mechanically coupled visco-hyperelastic constitutive model is presented. In the developed model, the strongly temperature-dependence of viscoelastic behavior and the role of voltage application of the elastomer are considered by incorporating the temperature-dependent shear modulus and dielectric constant. Finally, comparing the experimental results and simulated ones demonstrates that the developed model has a good capability for capturing the temperature-dependent electro-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation of dielectric elastomers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the viscoelastic and multi-axial mechanical response of POM using hypoelastic and hyperelastic constitutive models","authors":"Björn Stoltz ,&nbsp;Martin Kroon","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical behaviour of thermoplastics is strongly rate-dependent. One thermoplastic that is commonly used in industrial applications is polyoxymethylene (POM). In a previous paper (Mechanics of Time-dependent Materials, 2024, vol 28, p 43-63), the uniaxial tensile properties of POM were tested, and in the present study, those tests are complemented by compression tests, bending tests, and punch tests.</div><div>The test data in this study can be divided into calibration data and verification data. The calibration experiments consist of both tensile and compression tests carried out in monotonic loading, stress relaxation, and zero-stress creep. Three-point bending and quasi-static punch tests are used as verification tests. Overall, the experiments showed good repeatability, and there was a low dispersion in the experimental results.</div><div>The paper compares the performance of three constitutive models that have been developed for modelling these materials. Two hyperelastic models and one hypoelastic model are compared. The models are calibrated using the uniaxial data and then applied to the results from the more advanced tests. The material models are calibrated by utilizing commercially available optimization software.</div><div>All models have the ability to model visco-elasticity. Two of the models are network models with three visco-elastic branches/legs/phases. These two models are built in a similar way with two main novelties. The first novelty is that the stiffness can vary with the elastic deformation (in contrast to a standard neo-Hookean and Hookean model). The second novelty is that the exponent of viscous relaxation can vary with viscous deformation. The third model is an Eulerian model, meaning that all state variables are defined in the current state of the material.</div><div>Taken together, the models were able to describe the experimental results relatively well. It was concluded that they have different strengths and weaknesses. The hypoelastic model was able to describe the uniaxial calibration data best. On the other hand, this model became unstable at large deformations when simulating the punch tests. The two hyperelastic models could not model the zero-stress creep in the uniaxial tests but were able to predict the outcome from the punch tests quite well.</div><div>It was clear from the simulations that further model development is needed in order to capture all aspects of the experimental results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dragonfly-like wing structure enabled by a novel skeleton-reinforced neural style transfer assisted topology optimization and additive manufacturing","authors":"He Gang ,&nbsp;Zhou Yang ,&nbsp;Han Zhengtong ,&nbsp;Xu Ze ,&nbsp;Lv Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural flyers, such as dragonflies, serve as excellent models for obtaining wing structures with superior performance due to their excellent mechanical characteristics, motivating the design of bionic structures with similar features. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel skeleton-reinforced neural style transfer assisted topology optimization (SNST-TO) method that integrates density-based topology optimization with a convolutional neural network to impose stylistic feature constraints, while rigorously controlling the minimum length scale using a structural skeleton. The core of this method is the incorporation of geometric skeleton information into the topology optimization process, which prevents unmanufacturable structural features by relying on geometric knowledge rather than solely on pixel similarity. The influence of the key parameters in the algorithm were deeply studied through a series of numerical examples, and the effectiveness and the robustness of the SNST-TO method were completely proved. Furthermore, the dragonfly-like wing structures were designed using the proposed SNST-TO method and commercial software ABAQUS under uniform boundary conditions for clear comparison. Especially, these designs were fabricated using fused deposition modeling additive manufacturing technology and tested through compression experiments in both spanwise and chordwise directions. Results show that the bionic dragonfly wing structure designed using the proposed algorithm outperforms the ABAQUS-optimized structure in mechanical performance, with enhanced spanwise and chordwise load capacities. The findings show that the SNST-TO method facilitates the design of lightweight, load-bearing dragonfly-like wing structures, with potential applications in creating biomimetic structures for other organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 105631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}