Lambert Plavecz , Attila Karap , Szabolcs Berezvai
{"title":"Modeling MEMS accelerometer anchor velocity during package drop with a discrete impact model and a transfer function","authors":"Lambert Plavecz , Attila Karap , Szabolcs Berezvai","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During everyday use, devices containing MEMS sensors (e.g., smartphones, watches, drones, cars) are accidentally dropped, impacted or endure shocks from the environment. However, as they can hardly be repaired or replaced, impact resistance should be ensured during the entire life-cycle of the sensor.</div><div>The simplest drop impact case is the so-called package drop, that is, the sensor package falling on a floor. It is usually modeled with explicit finite element method (FEM) because of the complex geometry of the package and the various materials it includes. While an analytical model encompassing package effects is elusive, a discrete model with parameters fitted to FEM results is presented.</div><div>The proposed model consists of two parts: an impact model gives the velocity of the package center of gravity, while a discrete transfer function turns it into an anchor velocity estimate. This in turn can be used as a kinematic constraint in an FEM simulation of the sensor structure, to evaluate its impact robustness. It is shown that a two degrees-of-freedom Kelvin–Voigt impact model with additional spring can adequately model the package drop for reasonable drop heights. Moreover, the transfer function gives an estimation of the anchor movement that fits the FEM solutions with <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>></mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>75</mn></mrow></math></span> for different drop heights and floor materials, while having a computational time of less than a second instead of hours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced damage-coupled viscoplastic constitutive modeling with advanced meta-heuristic algorithm-based automated parameter inversion","authors":"Qiaofa Yang, Wei Zhang, Kangshuo Zhang, Fei Liang, Le Chang, Xiaohua He, Changyu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of high-temperature component behavior under low-cycle fatigue (LCF) and creep-fatigue interaction (CFI) conditions requires an advanced constitutive model and a robust parameter identification approach. This study introduces a damage-coupled unified viscoplastic constitutive model (UVCM) incorporating cyclic softening, transient Bauschinger effects, and strain range dependency to characterize life-cycle deformation behavior. To overcome limitations in traditional parameter calibration, a metaheuristic black-winged kite algorithm (MBKA) is developed by combining hybrid initialization strategies, swarm diversity-driven adaptation, and golden sine search. Simulation results indicate that MBKA exhibits superior convergence accuracy over tested renowned algorithms in solving 23 CEC2005 functions, practically in multimodal optimization scenarios. When applied to 2.25CrMoV steel at 455 °C, the UVCM-MBKA framework successfully replicates the observed experimental phenomena, including strain amplitude-dependent cyclic deformation, transient Bauschinger effects, dwell time-induced decelerated stress relaxation, and directional sensitivity of CFI. Furthermore, the model demonstrates accurate fatigue life prediction across 16 experimental cases, with numerical results closely matching observed continuous cyclic softening and three-stage decelerated relaxation. Validation confirms the framework's precision and robustness in predicting cyclic deformations and fatigue life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105756"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multiscale mechanical model of superconducting multilevel sub-cables based on asymptotic homogenization method","authors":"Yuchen Han , Huadong Yong , Youhe Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a critical component of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the complex stress state of superconducting wires within Cable-in-Conduit Conductors (CICC) significantly impacts overall system performance. To address the high computational and economic costs associated with traditional numerical simulations and experiments, a multiscale numerical model is developed based on the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) to study the macro global mechanical responses and micro stress states of CICC sub-cables. The numerical model incorporates macroscopic modeling while retaining the microscopic information from superconducting wires. Macroscopic strain data from the sub-cable are input into a representative volume element (RVE) to obtain the true microscopic stress distribution. The AHM framework's accuracy is validated by comparing the global mechanical responses, local contact forces, and micro stress distributions of sub-cables with results from direct numerical simulations (DNS), experiments and theoretical analysis. Compared to DNS, AHM-based numerical modeling reduces computational time cost by an order of magnitude while ensuring the validity of the calculation results. Furthermore, the axial load bearing capacity and lateral contact force of three representative superconducting sub-cables are evaluated, revealing that adjusting structural parameters of sub-cables can improve local contact forces while keeping von Mises stress of filament bundles change slightly, which enhances the global load-bearing and local contact performance. This work provides a valuable framework for efficient multiscale numerical modeling of CICC multilevel sub-cables containing thousands of composite wires.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105755"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanderson F. dos Santos , Alina S.L. Rodrigues , Igor A. Rodrigues Lopes , Francisco M. Andrade Pires , Sergio P.B. Proença , Zilda C. Silveira
{"title":"Size effects in 3D-printed polymeric lattices under three-point bending: Manufacturing, testing, and modelling","authors":"Wanderson F. dos Santos , Alina S.L. Rodrigues , Igor A. Rodrigues Lopes , Francisco M. Andrade Pires , Sergio P.B. Proença , Zilda C. Silveira","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Architected lattice structures often exhibit pronounced size effects that challenge conventional modelling strategies. This contribution presents a combined experimental and numerical investigation of size effects in 3D-printed lattice beams under three-point bending. Specimens with triangular and square unit cells, manufactured using affordable Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) with polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), are tested at different lattice refinements while maintaining constant overall dimensions and solid volume fraction. The experiments reveal clear size-dependent behaviour in terms of stiffness, strength, and failure modes. To model these effects, three numerical strategies are employed: Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), and multi-scale approaches based on first- and second-order computational homogenisation (FE<sup>2</sup>).DNS provides accurate predictions but is computationally expensive for fine lattices. Second-order FE<sup>2</sup> captures size effects more efficiently, particularly when micro-scale periodic boundary conditions are applied, although it may overestimate responses for coarser lattices. This work critically assesses the accuracy and applicability of each modelling approach, providing valuable insight into the design and simulation of architected structures where scale-dependent behaviour is significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Chen , Xiaoxiao Du , George Chatzigeorgiou , Fodil Meraghni , Gang Zhao , Zhibo Yang
{"title":"Physics-informed deep neural networks towards finite strain homogenization of unidirectional soft composites","authors":"Qiang Chen , Xiaoxiao Du , George Chatzigeorgiou , Fodil Meraghni , Gang Zhao , Zhibo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of heterogeneities and significant property mismatches in soft composites lead to complex behaviors that are challenging to model with conventional analytical or numerical homogenization techniques. The present work introduces a micromechanics-informed deep learning framework to characterize microscopic displacements and stress fields in soft composites with periodic microstructures undergoing finite deformation. The main obstacle we address is the construction of specific loss functions incorporating intricate knowledge of finite strain homogenization theory, which is valid for arbitrary macroscopic deformation gradients. Notably, a multi-network model is utilized to describe the discontinuities in material properties and solution fields within the composites. These neural networks communicate with each other through interface traction and displacement continuity conditions within the loss function. In addition, to exactly impose the periodicity boundary in hexagonal and square unit cells, the neural network architectures are modified by incorporating a number of trainable harmonic functions. A significant advantage of the current framework is that it allows for a straightforward solution of the governing partial differential equations expressed in terms of the first Piola-Kirchhoff stresses, eliminating the need for iterative formulations of the residual vector and tangent matrix required by classical numerical methods. We extensively assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach upon extensive comparison with isogeometric analysis to determine the displacement and Cauchy stress fields in square and hexagonal arrays of fibers/porosities, demonstrating neural networks as a powerful alternative to the conventional numerical approaches in finite deformation analysis of microstructural materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Engin Tan , Ismail Ovali , Rüçhan Yildiz , Derya Dispinar
{"title":"Simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of AA6082 by interrupted aging","authors":"Engin Tan , Ismail Ovali , Rüçhan Yildiz , Derya Dispinar","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of T6I4 and T6I6 interrupted aging heat treatments on the mechanical and microstructural changes in AA6082 aluminum alloy and proposed them as alternatives to the conventional T6 aging process. The interrupted aging was carried out up to 528 h for T6I4, and 240 h for T6I6. The mechanical response of the alloy after interrupted aging was characterized using hardness measurement, uniaxial tensile, three-point bending, wear tests, and surface roughness measurement. The results show that T6I4 treatment provided a 26.2 % increase in hardness, while T6I6 provided a 34.1 % improvement over T6 temper, exhibiting significant strengthening effects. In addition, T6I4 improved the tensile strength by 42 % and elongation by 37.9 %, while T6I6 led to a 53.1 % improvement in tensile strength and a remarkable 52.4 % increase in ductility. Wear tests confirmed the superior wear resistance of T6I4-528 and T6I6-216 samples with reduced volume loss and improved surface roughness of 24.07 % and 37.9 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Méndez-Márquez , Eduardo Reyes de Luna , David De León , Francisco Javier Carrión-Viramontes , Andriy Kryvko , Didier Samayoa
{"title":"Free vibration analysis on fractal beams","authors":"Elizabeth Méndez-Márquez , Eduardo Reyes de Luna , David De León , Francisco Javier Carrión-Viramontes , Andriy Kryvko , Didier Samayoa","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a generalized form of motion’s equations for free vibration employing the Balankin’s fractal derivatives (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-derivatives) in the fractal continuum framework is suggested. Interrelation between <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> and ordinary derivatives makes possible to transform the vector differential operators in the fractal domain <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>ℜ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span> of vector differential calculus into the corresponding fractal continuum <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>ℜ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span>, so the fractal free vibration equation for self-similar beams is derived. The solution of the proposed fractal equation is obtained, and several practical examples involving beams with classical boundary conditions are solved to discuss the structural implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study of strain and electric field gradient effects on two collinear cracks in an arbitrary polarized piezoelectric layer","authors":"Vikram Singh , Kamlesh Jangid , Tinh Quoc Bui","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper extends the analysis of the anti-plane crack problem of two unequal collinear cracks in polarized piezoelectric material layers using gradient theory. The investigation incorporates two intrinsic length parameters, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, representing the effects of the strain gradient and the electric field gradient, respectively. The material layer is subjected to in-plane electrical and out-of-plane mechanical loads applied at the boundary, and the crack faces are modeled as semi-permeable. The governing equations are derived, along with the relevant boundary conditions (BCs), and the eigenfunction expansion method is used to derive the singularity indices. Using the Fourier transform technique, the problem is converted into a system of hypersingular integral equations, which are solved numerically via the Chebyshev series approach. Basic fracture parameters are expressed analytically, including crack sliding displacement (CSD), electric potential drop (COPD) across cracks, stress intensity factor (SIF), electric displacement intensity factor (EDIF), and the electric crack condition parameter (ECCP). The convergence of the ECCP is demonstrated using the Bisection method for both cracks. A numerical case study is presented to demonstrate the impacts of the boundary conditions of the crack face, the polarization direction, the intrinsic length parameters, the width of the strip, and the applied loads for different materials in both cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105723"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro Apolinar-Fernández , Jorge Barrasa-Fano , Hans Van Oosterwyck , José A. Sanz-Herrera
{"title":"Inverse modeling of heterogeneous ECM mechanical properties in nonlinear 3DTFM","authors":"Alejandro Apolinar-Fernández , Jorge Barrasa-Fano , Hans Van Oosterwyck , José A. Sanz-Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate characterization of cellular tractions is crucial for understanding cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanical interactions and their implications in pathology-related situations, yet their direct measurement in experimental setups remains challenging. Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) has emerged as a key methodology to reconstruct traction fields from displacement data obtained via microscopic imaging techniques. While traditional TFM methods assume homogeneous and static ECM properties, the dynamic nature of the ECM through processes such as enzyme–induced collagen degradation or cell-mediated collagen deposition i.e. ECM remodeling, requires approaches that account for spatio-temporal evolution of ECM stiffness heterogeneity and other mechanical properties. In this context, we present a novel inverse methodology for 3DTFM, capable of reconstructing spatially heterogeneous distributions of the ECM’s stiffness. Our approach formulates the problem as a PDE-constrained inverse method which searches for both displacement and the stiffness map featured in the selected constitutive law. The elaborated numerical algorithm is integrated then into an iterative Newton–Raphson/Finite Element Method (NR/FEM) framework, bypassing the need for external iterative solvers. We validate our methodology using <em>in silico</em> 3DTFM cases based on real cell geometries, modeled within a nonlinear hyperelastic framework suitable for collagen hydrogels. The performance of our approach is evaluated across different noise levels, and compared versus the commonly used iterative L-BFGS algorithm. Besides the novelty of our formulation, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach both in terms of accuracy and CPU time efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical and experimental study of a novel slip-friction connector for structural mechanics","authors":"Matteo Pelliciari , Angelo Aloisio , Roberto Tomasi","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slip-friction connectors are widely used in structural mechanics to enhance energy dissipation through controlled frictional sliding. However, conventional designs often rely on bolt pretension to generate normal forces at the friction interface, leading to challenges such as preload loss, implementation complexity, and long-term stability issues. To address these limitations and improve dissipation efficiency, this study investigates a novel slip-friction connector that eliminates the need for bolt pretension by integrating an elastic restoring force via a precompressed spring. The mechanics of the proposed device is analyzed through analytical modeling and validated with experimental testing. The analytical formulation, derived from equilibrium equations, provides a closed-form solution for the force–displacement response, capturing the interaction between frictional slip and elastic contributions. Cyclic tests are conducted to evaluate the mechanical response, validate the model, and assess energy dissipation capacity. The results demonstrate strong agreement between analytical predictions and experimental data, confirming the accuracy of the model. The findings highlight the potential of the proposed slip-friction connector as a versatile alternative to conventional dissipative connections, particularly for building applications such as timber structures, as well as other mechanical systems requiring controlled energy dissipation. Its compact design and the ability to tune the response by adjusting the spring stiffness enhance its adaptability across various fields. Moreover, the analytical model, being relatively straightforward, offers a practical and effective tool for engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50483,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 105721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}