Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Cosmetic Contact Lenses in the United Kingdom: Assessment of Online Regulation and Quality of Consumer Health Information.","authors":"Benjamin Ng, Matthew Azzopardi, Alice Ditchfield, Jin Zi, Abison Logeswaran, Imogen Hawthorne, Darren S J Ting, Yu Jeat Chong","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001080","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the compliance of online vendors to the UK Opticians Act 1989 Section 27 requirements and safety regulations for cosmetic contact lens (CCL) sales and the quality of online CCL health information.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The top 50 websites selling CCLs on each three search engines, namely Google, Yahoo, and Bing, were selected. Duplicates were removed, and the remaining websites were systematically analyzed in February 2023. UK legal authorization for CCL sales was assessed using the Opticians Act Section 27 and safety regulations determined by the presence of Conformité Européene (CE) marking. The quality and reliability of online information was graded using the DISCERN (16-80) and JAMA (0-4) scores by two independent reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven eligible websites were analyzed. Only six (12.7%) met the UK legal authorization for CCL sales. Forty-nine different brands of CCLs were sold on these websites, of which 13 (26.5%) had no CE marking. The mean DISCERN and JAMA benchmark scores were 26 ± 12.2 and 1.3 ± 0.6, respectively (intraclass correlation scores: 0.99 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant number of websites provide consumers with easy, unsafe, and unregulated access to CCLs. Most online stores do not meet the requirements set out in the Opticians Act for CCL sales in the United Kingdom. A significant number of CCLs lack CE marking, while the average quality of information on websites selling CCLs is poor. Together, these pose a risk to consumers purchasing CCLs from unregulated websites, and therefore, further stringent regulations on the online sales of these products are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"243-248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Optical Zone Variation of High-Addition Multifocal Contact Lenses on the Global Flash Multifocal Electroretinography.","authors":"Laurence Boily, Langis Michaud, Marie-Lou Garon, Rémy Marcotte","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000001099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the retinal response to myopic defocus after the wear of soft multifocal contact lenses with high addition through electroretinography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven participants meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled. Tropicamide 1% drops (2) were instilled. Participants were then fitted with three different contact lenses: a single-vision spherical lens (SE +3.00 D), L1, serving as a control, and two soft multifocal lens designs (SE +3.00 D/add +10 D), one with a central distance zone of 4.0 mm (L2) and one with a central distance zone of 7.0 mm (L3). A global flash multifocal electroretinography was performed. Direct component (DC) amplitude, DC peak time, induced component (IC) amplitude, and IC peak time were recorded. Waveforms were grouped into five concentric areas, covering from 0° to 24° of retinal eccentricity. Differences of L2/L3 versus L1 were analyzed with t tests. Finally, correlations were calculated between the percentage of defocus in the pupil area versus the electroretinography results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that the DC amplitude, caused mainly by photoreceptors and bipolar cells, is not influenced by the design of the lenses. The IC amplitude, however, is significantly decreased when the lens with a smaller optical zone (L2) is worn. This significant difference only concerns the ring 5, which corresponds to a retinal eccentricity of 15.7° to 24.0°.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Soft multifocal lens designs influence the peripheral retinal reaction to defocus. A larger treatment zone seems to significantly impact the retinal response to defocus between 15.7° and 24.0° of eccentricity from the macula.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Conjunctival Microbiome and Dry Eye: What We Know and Controversies.","authors":"Kendrick C Shih, Louis Tong","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001077","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dry eye disease is a common multifactorial condition that may be idiopathic or associated with autoimmune conditions, such as Sjogren syndrome. Commensal microorganisms modify immune responses, so it is relevant to understand how they modify such immune-mediated diseases. Microbiota in the gut regulate inflammation in the eye, and conversely, severe inflammation of the ocular surface results in alteration of gut microbiome. The conjunctiva microbiome can be analyzed using 16S or shotgun metagenomics. The amount of microbial DNA in ocular surface mucosa relative to human DNA is limited compared with the case of the intestinal microbiome. There are challenges in defining, harvesting, processing, and analyzing the microbiome in the ocular surface mucosa. Recent studies have shown that the conjunctiva microbiome depends on age, presence of local and systemic inflammation, and environmental factors. Microbiome-based therapy, such as the use of oral probiotics to manage dry eye disease, has initial promising results. Further longitudinal studies are required to investigate the alteration of the conjunctival microbiome after local therapy and surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Dry Eye: Nerves, Microbiome, Onset, and New Treatments.","authors":"Vishal Jhanji, Christina Prescott","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001096","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":"50 5","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Window of Opportunity\" in Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease Treatment: Results of a Longitudinal Study and Case Reports.","authors":"Bayasgalan Surenkhuu, Christine S Mun, Christian Kim, Nour Yanna Atassi, Jessica Mun, Nikhil Dhall, Sarah Abdel-Hadi, Tanya Sheth, Priyanka Dondeti, Alexandria Bernal, Anubhav Pradeep, Damiano Rondelli, Sandeep Jain","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001081","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To perform a longitudinal study for determining the development of ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and report cases that illustrate the \"window of opportunity\" concept in oGVHD treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (n=61) were examined at prescheduled clinic visits before HSCT and three-month intervals after HSCT for 2 years. The presence or absence of oGVHD was determined using the international chronic oGVHD consensus group diagnostic criteria. Ocular surface washings (OSW) were obtained at each visit and analyzed for cytokine levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the longitudinal study, 26.2% (n=16; progressed group) developed either probable (11.5%, n=7) or definite oGVHD (14.8%, n=9). In the progressed group, clinically significant changes in signs (corneal staining and Schirmer I test) and symptoms at the post-HSCT visit as compared with the pre-HSCT visit occurred at 9 months. Significant differences in clinical signs and symptoms (whether average post-HSCT values or changes in values over pre-HSCT levels) between the progressed and nonprogressed groups occurred at a 9-month visit or later. In the progressed group, 55.6% of eyes that had negative matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) test at pre-HSCT turned MMP-9 positive at 3 to 6 months post-HSCT. In the progressed group, interleukin 8 levels in OSW were significantly increased at 6 months post-HSCT. In the case reports, the \"window of opportunity\" was detected by MMP-9 turning positive, early corneal staining, interleukin 8 increase in OSW, and peripheral corneal epithelial thinning, which resolved with treatment initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A \"window of opportunity\" exists before patients developing symptomatic tear-deficient dry eye after HSCT for initiating treatment that may preempt oGVHD development; however, larger-scale longitudinal studies are needed for definitive recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"222-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11037456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned From Ocular Graft versus Host Disease: An Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disease of Known Time of Onset.","authors":"Manuel E Quiroga-Garza, Raul E Ruiz-Lozano, Luis A Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Ali Khodor, Symon Ma, Seitaro Komai, Karim Mohamed-Noriega, Victor L Perez","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001082","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The ocular surface inflammatory disorders (OSIDs) comprise a group of conditions characterized by persistent inflammation of the ocular surface and adnexal tissues. Systemic autoimmune diseases and hypersensitivity reactions cause them, and, if left untreated, can result in severe inflammatory dry eye, corneal damage, and vision loss. Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) forms part of the ocular surface inflammatory disease umbrella. It is a condition occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation, usually in chronic graft-versus-host disease. oGVHD can virtually affect any ocular adnexal tissue, especially the meibomian glands, and cause persistent inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and subsequent chronic, severe dry eye disease. Among the OSIDs, oGVHD has the particularity that it has a \"time zero,\" meaning we know when the disease started. As such, preclinical models have leveraged this to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the damage oGVHD causes to the ocular surface. In oGVHD, establishing a \"time zero\" allows for predicting the clinical course and establishing adequate treatment. This is also possible because the inflammatory infiltration occurs in ocular surface tissues, which are readily accessible. Using oGVHD, we might be able to understand the immune response mechanisms in other OSIDs better (i.e., Sjögren syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, among others). This review presents an up-to-date overview of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment of oGVHD. In addition, we will discuss the value of the \"time zero\" concept in the study of oGVHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"212-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Deoxyribonuclease I Eye Drops for Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Christine S Mun, Bayasgalan Surenkhuu, Yi-Fan Chen, Nour Atassi, Jessica Mun, Christian Kim, Tanya Sheth, Monazzah Akbar Sarwar, Anubhav Pradeep, Sandeep Jain","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001078","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We have previously shown that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are present on the ocular surface of patients with ocular graft versus host disease (oGVHD), contributing to inflammation and surface disease. Therefore, we performed a clinical trial using deoxyribonuclease I (DNAase) eye drops to test the hypothesis that reducing the abundance of NETs from the ocular surface will reduce signs and symptoms of oGVHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, phase I or II, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical trial was performed to determine the safety and preliminary efficacy of DNAase (0.1%) eye drops four times daily for 8 weeks in patients with oGVHD (n=58). Intent-to-treat analysis was performed to determine the change in safety outcome measures (drug tolerability and proportion of adverse events) and efficacy outcome measures (ocular surface disease index [OSDI] score and corneal staining) between baseline and week 8.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tolerability and adverse events were similar in the vehicle and DNAase groups. Within the DNAase group (but not the vehicle group), corneal staining showed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction at week 8 (3.50 [2.75; 5.00]) compared with baseline (5.00 [3.00; 7.00]). The OSDI score also showed a statistically significant clinically meaningful reduction of 18.4 (9.16; 33.1) ( P <0.001) at week 8 compared with baseline (45.5 [31.8; 50.0]) within the DNAase group. The proportion of eyes that had improvement in subjective global assessment (SGA) and mucous discharge was significantly greater in the DNAase group (55.6% and 57.7% at weeks 4 and 8, respectively; P <0.0001 at both time points) as compared with the vehicle group (35.7% and 34.0% at weeks 4 and 8, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatment of patients with oGVHD using DNAase eye drops is safe and demonstrates preliminary efficacy. Deoxyribonuclease I eye drops can potentially reduce the severity of signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease in patients with oGVHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Sjögren Beyond Inflammation: Considering the Role of Nerves in Driving Disease Manifestations.","authors":"Victor Sanchez, Noa Dobzinski, Robert Fox, Anat Galor","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001068","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of mucosal glands resulting in dry eye and dry mouth. Ocular presentations can be heterogenous in SS with corneal nerves abnormalities that are structural, functional, or both. Some individuals present with corneal hyposensitivity, with a phenotype of decreased tear production and epithelial disruption. Others present with corneal hypersensitivity, with a phenotype of neuropathic pain including light sensitivity and pain out of proportion to signs of tear dysfunction. A similar correlate can be found outside the eye, with dry mouth predominating in some individuals while pain conditions predominate in others. Understanding how nerve status affects SS phenotype is an important first step to improving disease management by targeting nerve abnormalities, as well as inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11045324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Corneal Damage After Minor Eyelid Surgery: A Case Series.","authors":"Anne-Sophie Bonte, Sorcha Ni Dhubhghaill, Inge Leysen, Carina Koppen","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001079","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To present three cases of serious corneal complications after seemingly minor and uncomplicated eyelid surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These cases emphasize the real-world risk of corneal damage after oculoplastic surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first case is a 46-year-old man referred to our department with a corneal perforation after bilateral blepharoplasty of both upper and lower eyelids. The second case concerns a 51-year-old woman who suffered an accidental coagulation of the cornea during the removal of upper eyelid papillomas, and the third case is a 55-year-old woman who had severe corneal thinning accompanied by visual loss after an upper lid blepharoplasty. All patients were stabilized without the need for corneal transplantation, although there were significant corneal scars and sequelae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although complications after esthetic oculoplastic surgery are rare, the reported cases show that corneal damage can have a major impact on the patient's vision and quality of life. Strategies such as the use of a corneal shield can be used to mitigate these risks, but their use is debated. Nevertheless, diligent postoperative care is paramount. At the first postoperative visit, a basic visual acuity measurement should be performed. In cases where reduced vision is reported, particularly when accompanied by pain, patients should be urgently referred for specialized eye care.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"194-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Management of Ocular Surface Inflammation in Patients With Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease in the Setting of Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Daniela Roca, Sandeep Jain, Christine Mun, Monazzah Akbar Sarwar, Ellen Shorter, Gustavo Ortiz-Morales, Imane Tarib, Jose De La Cruz","doi":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001076","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICL.0000000000001076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) using a novel preoperative immunomodulatory regimen in a collaborative subspecialty care setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective case series of patients with oGVHD who underwent cataract surgery using a novel preoperative immunomodulatory regimen in a collaborative care setting. A preoperative regimen consisting of pooled human immune globulin 1%, autologous serum 50%, and methylprednisolone 1% eye drops was prescribed. Outcome measures included visual acuity (VA), ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, lissamine green staining, and complications with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five eyes from 20 patients with oGVHD were studied. The mean age was 59 years (range 30-70 years). A healthy comparison group included 35 eyes from 24 patients with a mean age of 63 years (range 44-74 years). At the 2-year follow-up, the mean corneal staining score was 2.3/15, the mean OSDI score was 37.5, and the mean VA was 20/30 (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution 0.17). The global complication rate was 2.8% at the last follow-up with no difference versus a healthy comparison group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A collaborative care model improving ocular surface health before cataract surgery with dry eye and cataract subspecialists can optimize outcomes in patients with oGVHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50457,"journal":{"name":"Eye & Contact Lens-Science and Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"189-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}