Forensic Science International-Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Development and validation of a capture sequencing panel containing 9000 SNPs for inferring distant relatives in East Asian populations","authors":"Kuo Zeng ,&nbsp;Wenting Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhixiao Fang ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Dong Zhao ,&nbsp;Bofeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Caixia Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inferring distant relatives has long presented a significant challenge in forensic science. Recently, forensic researchers have increasingly focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as a potent tool for this purpose. In this study, we developed and validated a capture sequencing panel comprising 9000 SNPs specifically aimed at inferring distant relatives within East Asian populations. Initially, we screened the 9000 SNPs from four data sources: the Infinium Global Screening Array, the Infinium Chinese Genotyping Array, the Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism database, and the 1000 Genomes Project. Subsequently, we established a likelihood ratio (LR)-based algorithm utilizing pedigree genotyping data from Han Chinese populations. Next, we constructed a sequencing method for the 9000 SNPs employing hybridization capture sequencing technology. Finally, the 9000 SNP panel was evaluated following the validation guidelines of the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), including studies on repeatability, concordance, sensitivity, species specificity, PCR inhibition, DNA degradation, DNA mixture and casework-type samples. The results demonstrated that the 9000 SNPs exhibited considerable genetic polymorphism within East Asian populations, with an average minor allele frequency of 0.4521. The panel of 9000 SNPs was demonstrated to reliably identify relatives up to the 5th degree and certain 6th degree using the GSA SNP array for pedigree genotyping. Furthermore, the 9000 SNP panel yielded robust and reliable genotyping results for trace DNA (1.953 ng), degraded DNA (50 bp), and mixed DNA (19:1 ratio), showing specific species specificity and resistance to PCR inhibition. In conclusion, this study highlights the significant potential of the 9000 SNP panel for inferring distant relatives in East Asian populations, providing a valuable tool for forensic applications. Further validation in a larger sample size is needed to confirm our observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential application of hair shaft for human identification by mRNA polymorphism","authors":"Jinding Liu ,&nbsp;Bing Du ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hailing Yang ,&nbsp;Jiangwei Yan ,&nbsp;Gengqian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, RNA has shown great potential for use in forensic genetics. Our previous work indicated that hair shafts possess detectable RNA levels. Fallen hair samples at crime scenes are common, but human identification is difficult because of the degeneration of traceable nuclear DNA. We aimed to establish a new mRNA polymorphism assay for the identification of hair shafts in humans. In this study, we utilized polymorphic mRNAs to obtain a human identification profile that is more detailed than that of any previously reported method. Ten to fifteen pieces of 5-cm hair shafts were used to extract total RNA from 40 individuals. RNA was transcribed into cDNA and typed on a BGISEQ T7 platform using a massively parallel sequencing assay encompassing 404 coding region and untranslated region (UTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 78 genes. The multiplex assay was evaluated for sensitivity, species specificity, capability for aged hair shafts, consistency of the typing results for hair borne from different body parts, and genomic DNA (gDNA)/mRNA of the same individual. We also obtained the genetic parameters for human identification in a Chinese population. Genes that did not meet this threshold were excluded from the analysis. Ultimately, 71 genes containing 284 SNPs, amplified with 228 amplicons were retained. Polymorphisms were observed in 210 amplicons. The random match probability (RMP) values ranged from 1.24 × 10⁻⁴⁴ to 1.14 × 10⁻⁷² (median = 4.36 × 10⁻⁵⁰). When one piece of 5-cm hair shaft was used, 70.31–72.05 % of the amplicons could be detected, and 46.72–62.01 % of the amplicons showed the same genotype as 15 pieces of hair shafts. A total of 44–82 amplicons were detected in hair shafts from four common animals (cats, dogs, rabbits, and rats). However, the genotyping of most SNP/microhaplotype (MH) markers was inconsistent with the database records. This study provides a new strategy for human identification of hair shafts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative differential analysis of tsRNAs for forensic body fluid identification: RT-qPCR-based discrimination derived from epithelial cell fluids screening","authors":"Zhilong Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhou ,&nbsp;Min Su ,&nbsp;Hongwu Ren ,&nbsp;Jiaru Li ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identification of body fluid types at crime scenes is a critical step in forensic science, providing essential context for criminal investigations and the interpretation of evidence. Epigenetic markers, particularly small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), have attracted increasing attention in forensic body fluid identification, with various small RNA species demonstrating potential as biomarkers for distinguishing different body fluid types. A novel class of sncRNAs, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), has been detected in various biological samples, yet their potential application in forensic body fluid identification remains unexplored. In this study, we identified differentially expressed tsRNAs in saliva and vaginal secretions, two epithelial cell-derived body fluids. Using stem-loop reverse transcription followed by SYBR Green quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we measured tsRNA abundance with U6-snRNA as the reference control. After implementing quality control measures to ensure detection accuracy and adjusting Cq values, we identified 10 tsRNAs that were differentially expressed between saliva and vaginal secretions. To further investigate the potential of tsRNAs in forensic body fluid identification, we extended our analysis to include semen, peripheral blood, and menstrual blood. Our results revealed 18 tsRNAs with significant differential expression patterns across these five body fluids. By integrating quantitative expression data with a logistic regression machine learning model, a panel of 9 tsRNAs achieved 98 % accuracy in leave-one-out cross-validation. While our findings demonstrate the promising potential of tsRNAs as biomarkers for forensic body fluid identification, additional body fluid-specific tsRNAs would likely enhance prediction accuracy while potentially reducing the number of required markers. This preliminary validation establishes tsRNAs as valuable candidates for forensic body fluid identification applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A septennium review of wildlife forensic DNA analysis in South Africa","authors":"Marli de Bruyn ,&nbsp;Desiré Lee Dalton ,&nbsp;Cindy K. Harper ,&nbsp;Mamadi Theresa Sethusa","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of scientific research tools and technologies in wildlife forensic analysis is fundamental to support law enforcement in the regulation and enforcement of illegal criminal activities. Validated genetic technologies and techniques have proven to be critical in securing successful prosecutions specifically through the examination of DNA from physical exhibit material. In South Africa, DNA techniques and tools have been implemented to identify and characterise biological evidence of wildlife, in answering questions that arise during crime investigation and prosecution. Here, we describe, and review wildlife forensic cases analysed in South Africa (by South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) and the Veterinary Genetic Laboratory (VGL)) over a seven-year period (August 2017 to July 2024). In total, 3 763 wildlife forensic cases were analysed. The taxonomic representation was skewed towards mammals encompassing 94.1 % of all cases due to large amount of wildlife cases involving black and white rhinoceros, African elephant, lion and antelope. These cases were predominantly from the north-eastern parts of the country including Limpopo, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces which have previously been classified as a ‘hotspot’ for poaching. The type of analysis requested varied between the different taxonomic groups with 90 % of mammal cases submitted for DNA comparison, while bird, reptile, fish and invertebrate cases were mainly submitted for species identification (&gt;87 %). This paper further reviews the successes and challenges encountered from a South African perspective and provides future recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and application of a triplex RTqPCR assay system for the identification of forensic body fluids","authors":"Shuxiao Hu ,&nbsp;Liping Chen ,&nbsp;Jiayao Duan ,&nbsp;Sheng Hu ,&nbsp;Yixia Zhao ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Ruiqin Yang ,&nbsp;Anquan Ji ,&nbsp;Jie Lian ,&nbsp;Qifan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as valuable biomarkers for the identification of forensic body fluids due to their stability and tissue specificity. However, the limited quantity of body fluid at crime scenes often hampers the accuracy of miRNA-based detection methods. In this study, we developed a triplex reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay system that enables the simultaneous detection of three miRNAs, improving throughput and efficiency while overcoming challenges in forensic investigations. First, the primers and probes of the miRNAs were redesigned to meet multiple detection requirements on the basis of a previous study in which five types of body fluid-specific miRNAs and internal genes (miR-451a, miR-891a-5p, miR-144–5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-223–3p and miR-320a-3p) were screened in a laboratory. The primer and probe concentrations, premix concentration and annealing temperature were subsequently optimized to establish a triplex RT<img>qPCR assay system. This system enables the simultaneous reverse transcription of six miRNAs from a single sample, followed by two separate triplex amplification reactions to quantitatively analyze all six miRNA markers. The amplification efficiency, primer cross-reactivity, repeatability, triplex detection and single detection results of the system were subsequently analysed, and a prediction model was constructed by combining the sample data with a kernel density estimation (KDE) method. Finally, the ability of the detection method to identify body fluids was further verified with authentic samples. The results demonstrate that the optimized triplex RT<img>qPCR assay system achieves the same detection performance as the single detection system, but is faster and more cost-effective. This technology is especially suitable for the detection of trace body fluid stains left at crime scenes and effectively solves the contradiction between the requirements of repeated RT<img>qPCR detection of traces and multiple sample sizes. In addition, the body fluid identification model, which was established by the data obtained from the triplex RT<img>qPCR system combined with KDE, was successfully applied to predict and identify simulated samples and actual samples. This system provides an effective tool for the identification of suspicious body fluids and lays the foundation for further research on multiplex RT<img>qPCR assay systems and the construction of more accurate data models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA alloys: The enduring story of touch DNA on metals","authors":"Caitlin McDonald ,&nbsp;Madison Nolan ,&nbsp;Liam Lepore ,&nbsp;Adrian Linacre","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The successful analyses of DNA obtained from cellular deposits on metal substrates is an on-going issue with many metallic substrates inhibiting downstream enzymatic reactions. To examine this problem further, we report on the monitoring of persistence of cells deposited by touch on a range of metal surfaces using the DNA binding dye, Diamond Dye. Fingerprints were deposited in defined areas on metal substrates and stained with Diamond Dye. The cells were recorded at time points from initial deposition through to four weeks. Cells deposited on a glass microscope acted as a control. Little cell loss was recorded over the 4-week period on cells deposited on glass, nickel, stainless steel, and zinc. Unusual patterns of cell loss were recorded for cells deposited on copper and brass. Cells deposited on aluminium showed the greatest cell loss, nearly 22 %, contrasting with a loss of 4.5 % for cells deposited on glass (control). Whole thumbprints were deposited on the same substrates and stored for four weeks after which cellular material was removed using a swab and the DNA analysed using quantification and STR amplification. While cells deposited on copper did not record the greatest cell loss over the four weeks compared to the other metal substrates, when quantified and profiled, the whole thumbprints produced the least informative DNA profiles. No notable inhibition was recorded by qPCR for any sample, but degradation was indicated for both the brass and copper deposits. The data confirms that there are interactions between metallic surfaces and DNA and the substrate and DNA binding dye, which made cell visualisation difficult on brass and copper substrates. However, it also highlights that these metal-DNA interactions are causing DNA degradation on the copper and brass substrates that affect subsequent profile quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic pathological and genetic landmarks in sudden cardiac death in the young: An update","authors":"Simone Grassi ,&nbsp;Oscar Campuzano ,&nbsp;Elisa Ferri ,&nbsp;Giorgia Leone ,&nbsp;Riccardo Rossi ,&nbsp;Marisa Ortega-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Eneko Barberia ,&nbsp;Ines Landin ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Arena ,&nbsp;Georgia Sarquella-Brugada ,&nbsp;Ramon Brugada ,&nbsp;Antonio Oliva","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An episode of sudden death in a young individual is a dramatic event for family members but also a challenge for cardiologists, pediatricians, forensic pathologists and researchers. In the young population, most of sudden deaths are of cardiac origin, in particular due to hereditary cardiac disorders. The autopsy protocol includes a proper macroscopic heart examination and a comprehensive histological analysis. The identification of pathognomonic histopathologic findings may help to unravel the cause of death, but microscopic features are often non-specific and highly ambiguous. Negative autopsy leads to classify the decease as a sudden arrhythmic death syndrome despite concealed cardiomyopathies may be also suspected. The molecular autopsy helps to identify the pathogenic genetic alteration associated with the arrhythmogenic episode leading to the sudden cardiac death. Due to genetic diseases, clinical assessment and genotype-phenotype correlation of relatives is mandatory to early identification of family members at risk and thus adoption of preventive measures, especially in asymptomatic genetic carriers. Specialized teams must carry out a personalized interpretation, integrating all the autopsy findings along with the family history to obtain a conclusive cause of the sudden death. In this review we pretend to update these critical issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A robust cross-tissue DNA methylation model for forensic age estimation from oral samples","authors":"Yuzhu Liu,&nbsp;Maomin Chen,&nbsp;Ya Li,&nbsp;Liqi Wang,&nbsp;Aoyun Du,&nbsp;Yujia Lin,&nbsp;Shaohua Yi,&nbsp;Chao Xiao,&nbsp;Daixin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DNA methylation-based chronological age estimation is a powerful forensic tool, but its application to commonly encountered oral-derived samples (e.g., buccal swabs, saliva) is hampered by tissue specificity and inherent cellular heterogeneity, often leading to inaccurate predictions with existing models. This study aimed to overcome these limitations by developing and validating a robust cross-tissue DNA methylation model for forensic age estimation from such samples. We quantified DNA methylation at 18 CpG sites in 216 paired buccal swab and saliva samples (Han Chinese, 2–83 years) and systematically evaluated 32 model configurations—varying CpG marker panels, age transformation, and tissue variable inclusion—to identify markers with high cross-tissue stability and optimize predictive accuracy. An optimized 10-CpG quantile regression model achieved mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 3.19 years (buccal swabs), 3.44 years (saliva), and 3.45 years (combined dataset) in 10-fold cross-validation. Crucially, this model demonstrated excellent performance on an independent validation set of forensically relevant chewed gum samples (<em>n</em> = 25, aged 19–70 years; MAE = 3.29 years). The model also maintained reliable performance with bisulfite-converted DNA inputs as low as 5 ng and remained stable after 31 days of uncontrolled environmental storage. Our findings establish a methodologically sound and practically validated cross-tissue approach for forensic age estimation from diverse oral samples, offering a reliable solution to the challenges of tissue variability and cellular heterogeneity in real-world casework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to combine qPCR and STR amplification for DNA profiling","authors":"Caitlin McDonald ,&nbsp;Duncan Taylor ,&nbsp;Russell Brinkworth ,&nbsp;Adrian Linacre","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An initial step in the development of a smart PCR machine, capable of amending the cycling parameters when amplifying STR alleles, is to monitor PCR progression in real-time. Performing qPCR allows for the real-time monitoring and recording of amplification of control loci: comprised of a small and large amplicon, a positive control, and a section of the Y chromosome. This qPCR data enables the recording of degradation and inhibition, as the fluorescence during qPCR theoretically should follow an exponential increase. Hypothetically, combining qPCR with STR amplification would allow real-time quantification of fluorescence such that the parameters of the PCR could be modified to optimise STR amplification: fluorescence below expectation would indicate a need to amend the PCR parameters to improve the DNA amplification. In this study, two different commercially available qPCR kits were combined separately with one of four different STR kits, and the resulting STR profile quality was recorded. Controls were performed by amplifying the same quantity of DNA template for each of the four STR kits, with all standard single and combined amplifications performed five times, resulting in 60 amplifications in total. No significant decrease in profile quality or likelihood ratios were recorded for any of the combinations. There were no adverse effects on the STR amplification when performed on a real-time PCR machine, despite two different enzymes and the presence of additional primers requiring differing temperatures to bind. These data are needed as the first step towards a smart PCR machine that can adjust cycling parameters in real-time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimum FSI: Genetics requirements for publishing data on DNA transfer and recovery, given activities","authors":"Peter Gill,&nbsp;Tacha Hicks,&nbsp;Bas Kokshoorn,&nbsp;Roland A.H. van Oorschot,&nbsp;Duncan Taylor,&nbsp;Walther Parson","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}