Forensic Science International-Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Impact of theta correction in siblingship testing","authors":"Elie Pascolo Tièche ,&nbsp;Mehrican Uzuner ,&nbsp;Daniel Kling ,&nbsp;Martin Zieger","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic relationship testing is dependent on appropriate population data, for which there has been a considerable amount of effort invested over the past three decades. This can be evidenced by the large number of population genetic studies that have presented short tandem repeat (STR) data for a wide range of population groups worldwide. However, comparatively little effort has been invested in the measurement of population substructure at various geographical levels and in the investigation of its effect on genetic relationship testing. The concept of population substructure is utilized as a proxy for co-ancestry in kinship calculations and is often corrected for by introducing the co-ancestry coefficient theta (θ). In practice, it is frequently assessed at the national level or for entire subpopulations. However, infrastructure, geographic and sociocultural factors have the potential to significantly impact the estimation of co-ancestry at the local level, leading to larger population substructure in smaller local communities, which may not be adequately addressed by large-scale population studies. Consequently, it can be challenging to accurately estimate the appropriate degree of co-ancestry for a specific genetic relationship testing case. In contrast to the calculations of DNA match probabilities in forensics, there is no conservative approach to account for this uncertainty in genetic kinship testing. In the present paper, we demonstrate that the incorrect choice of the theta correction factor for co-ancestry can have a substantial impact on the outcome of the calculations and therefore potentially on the life of the concerned individuals. The findings of this study have been used to formulate recommendations for the communication of results, with a particular focus on cases where private individuals are involved in administrative or legal proceedings facing state authorities, such as immigration cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounting for inter-laboratory DNA recovery data variability when performing evaluations given activities","authors":"Duncan Taylor ,&nbsp;Luke Volgin ,&nbsp;Peter Gill ,&nbsp;Bas Kokshoorn","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large, recently published, inter-laboratory study by the ReAct group has shown that there is considerable variability in DNA recovery that exists between forensic laboratories. The presence of this inter-laboratory variability presents issues when one laboratory wishes to carry out an evaluation and needs to use the data produced by another laboratory. One option proposed by the ReAct group is for laboratories to carry out a calibration exercise so that appropriate adjustments between laboratories can be made. This will address some issues, but leave others unanswered, such as how to make use of the decades of transfer and persistence data that has already been published. In this work we present a method to utilise data produced in other laboratories (whether it provides DNA amounts or a probability of transfer) that takes into account inter-laboratory variability within an evaluation. This will allow evaluations to continue, without calibration data, and ensures that the strength of findings is appropriately represented. In this paper we discuss complicating factors with the various ways in which previous data has been reported, and their limitations in supporting probability assignments when carrying out an evaluation. We show that a combination of producing calibration information for new data (as suggested by the ReAct group) and development of strategies where calibration data is not available will provide the best way forward in the field of evaluations given activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propositions used to assess the value of forensic DNA mixtures in an FSWG-ISFG interlaboratory comparison","authors":"Lydie Samie,&nbsp;Séverine Delémont,&nbsp;Vincent Castella","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DNA interpretation relies on the evaluation of results under at least two mutually exclusive propositions. This study evaluates the application of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) recommendations concerning the formulation of such propositions across 15 laboratories in six countries and examines how evaluations are conducted when two persons of interest are considered. They were asked to assess results considering propositions about the source of the DNA during an interlaboratory comparison organized by the French Speaking Working Group of the ISFG. This article focuses on a DNA mixture from a mock case involving a complainant and two persons of interest. Seven of the eight ISFG recommendations were applicable to this interlaboratory comparison, with six being implemented by all laboratories. However, when two persons of interest were submitted for comparison without further case information, only seven laboratories followed Recommendation 3 by assigning a different likelihood ratio (LR) to each potential contributor. One of them used multiple propositions (more than two mutually exclusive propositions) and considered that each person, in turn, could or could not be the source of the DNA with or without the other person. The eight remaining laboratories assigned only one LR considering that both persons were contributors, or neither. As stated in the ISFG recommendations, such a practice should be avoided as it could lead to an overestimation of the LR for one of the contributors. We also demonstrate the effect of considering, or not, the presence of the DNA of persons whose contribution to the DNA mixture was not disputed (i.e., \"conditioning\" the DNA results on the DNA profiles of the undisputed source) on the LR. When conditioning is applied in ground truth experiments, the results provide stronger support for the proposition known to be true compared to the alternative. More precisely, the LR increased by a factor of 100–10’000 when conditioning, depending on the laboratory. The LRs assigned in two real cases are presented to illustrate the need to consider new information, such as the presence of a potential contributor to a DNA mixture, when evaluating results, and multiple propositions when several persons of interest are considered. It can significantly change the LR value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking male DNA transfer and survival under female victim fingernails: Insights from a 24-h scratch simulation","authors":"Géraldine Damour,&nbsp;Patrick Basset,&nbsp;Lydie Samie ,&nbsp;Diana Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In forensic investigations, the collection of biological material under fingernails may provide important evidence in cases of physical or sexual assault. Among these, scenarios suggesting alternative activities for the presence/absence of the DNA rather than questioning the donor of the trace are particularly challenging. To provide data supporting the interpretation of these cases, we investigated the transfer, persistence, and presence of background male DNA under female fingernails in controlled experiments of simulated scratching. Unlike previous studies, subungual samples were collected over short and long periods, up to 24 h after the scratching without preliminary cleaning of the nails.</div><div>Y-STRs data showed that the DNA of the male individual scratched by a woman was detected in fingernail samples collected immediately and up to 6 h post-scratching. A notable decrease in male DNA quantity was observed after the first 3 h of scratching. Interestingly, the same foreign Y-STR profiles, different from the participating individuals, were observed between 6 and 24 h post-simulation. Overall, our data confirm that the detection of the offender’s DNA from subungual samples is very likely immediately after the assault; yet, persistent background or newly transferred DNA may challenge the interpretation of traces collected after 6 h.</div><div>Finally, one scenario was discussed to illustrate the value of these data for evaluating fingernail evidence when considering activity-level propositions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing transcriptomic signatures of aging: Testing an mRNA marker panel for forensic age estimation of blood samples","authors":"Nadescha Viviane Hänggi ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Neubauer ,&nbsp;Yael Marti ,&nbsp;Regine Banemann ,&nbsp;Galina Kulstein ,&nbsp;Cornelius Courts ,&nbsp;Annica Gosch ,&nbsp;Thorsten Hadrys ,&nbsp;Cordula Haas ,&nbsp;Guro Dørum","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating the age of an unknown perpetrator can be a valuable tool in narrowing down a group of suspects. Research efforts to estimate the age of a stain donor have mainly focused on epigenetic modifications, but there is evidence that RNA expression patterns, i.e. the composition of the transcriptome, change with increasing age, which could be a promising molecular alternative for age prediction. In a previous study, we identified a total of 508 mRNA markers with age related expression from two blood whole transcriptome sequencing data sets, using differential expression analysis with DESeq2 and marker selection with lasso regression. For this study, the selected markers from both approaches were combined into an RNA-specific targeted MPS assay for the Ion Torrent platform and evaluated with 100 EDTA blood samples from healthy donors (aged between 23 and 73 years). We compared three different normalization methods for the obtained sequencing data and investigated the performance of various regression techniques for age prediction. The model based on elastic net regression and dSVA-normalized data exhibited the most robust performance, achieving an MAE of 9.29 years and a correlation of 0.57 between the chronological and predicted age. Although the use of a targeted approach instead of RNA-Seq offers several advantages in a forensic setting, we observed a considerable amount of unwanted variation in the targeted sequencing data. We conclude that it is challenging to detect distinct signals associated with chronological age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-need species identification using non-PCR DNA-based approaches to combat wildlife crime","authors":"O. Yugovich ,&nbsp;M. Bunce ,&nbsp;SA. Harbison","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildlife crime, defined as any unlawful exploitation and trade of wildlife, is a lucrative illegal global industry, along with narcotics and weapons trafficking. It encompasses the harvest, transport, exchange, and end use of wildlife or wildlife-derived products. Regulated internationally by the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna (CITES, 1973), wildlife crime is primarily detected using morphological or DNA sequencing methods. However, there is a growing demand for rapid, portable, and cost-effective screening tools to bypass time-consuming workflows and specialist laboratory equipment. Point-of-need testing, particularly at wildlife hotspots like international borders, offers a promising solution for the swift detection of illegal activities. Isothermal amplification methods such as loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), rolling circle amplification (RCA), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), are favoured for their low resource needs compared to traditional PCR. These methods can be combined with target detection methods such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and aptamers to enhance sensitivity. Integrating these methods with others, such as lateral flow assays (LFA) and microfluidic devices, simplifies sample preparation and visualisation. Already established in disease diagnosis and food safety, these innovations in genetic testing provide rapid, on-site detection. When applied to wildlife crime, they can serve as tools to complement traditional PCR and sequencing methods. This review explores how non-PCR based approaches could offer faster, simpler, and more cost-effective solutions to combat wildlife crime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinship cases with partially specified hypotheses","authors":"Thore Egeland ,&nbsp;Magnus Dehli Vigeland","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forensic kinship testing is the statistical comparison of a set of hypothesised relationships, based on genetic marker data from the individuals in question and possibly other relatives. In most circumstances each hypothesis is completely specified in terms of a pedigree, but this is not always the case in more complex scenarios. For example, suppose that we are asked to test <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>: <em>A is the grandmother of B</em>, against <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>: <em>A and B are unrelated</em>, and that the data also includes a third individual whose relationship with the others is uncertain. There may then be multiple pedigrees consistent with each hypothesis, with the consequence that the standard likelihood ratio (LR) cannot be calculated unless prior probabilities are specified for all alternatives.</div><div>In response to these challenges we introduce a <em>generalised likelihood ratio</em> (GLR), defined as the ratio of the maximal likelihood of the data given <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> to the maximal given <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. This resembles a version of the LR test used in classical hypothesis testing, but differs in several aspects. Most importantly, in the forensic setting we usually consider discrete alternatives rather than continuous parameter spaces.</div><div>The properties of the GLR statistic are explored through real-life examples of kinship testing and disaster victim identification (DVI). In particular, we demonstrate how the GLR may help to resolve and report the results in complex DVI cases. As a final application we demonstrate how the GLR can be used to check correctness of pedigree data, an essential quality control step in projects involving genotypes from related individuals. Unlike the other examples, this one operates over a continuous parameter space, enabling tools from classical statistics to guide decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remains of the German outlaw Johannes Bückler alias Schinderhannes identified by an interdisciplinary approach","authors":"Walther Parson ,&nbsp;Amelie Alterauge ,&nbsp;Christina Amory ,&nbsp;Sarah Heinze ,&nbsp;Stefan Hölzl ,&nbsp;Ralf G. Jahn ,&nbsp;Christine Lehn ,&nbsp;Timo Sänger ,&nbsp;Catarina Xavier ,&nbsp;Andreas Tillmar ,&nbsp;Karen Nolte ,&nbsp;Sabine Lutz-Bonengel ,&nbsp;Sara Doll","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two mounted skeletons assigned to the famous German criminals <em>Schinderhannes</em> and <em>Hölzerlips</em> were on display at the Anatomical Collection of Heidelberg University for two centuries. However, doubts about their authenticity existed for decades. Based on historical research, an interdisciplinary team with experts from the fields of anatomy, radiology, anthropology, genealogy and molecular biology set out to examine the remains from the following perspectives: (1) Isotope analyses were carried out to compare inferred childhood residences with historical narratives, (2) anthropological and radiological examinations were documented and compared with historical records, (3) genealogical research identified a living male descendant along the maternal line and (4) mitogenome sequencing as well as nuclear SNP analysis using the FORCE panel provided compelling evidence for the identification of Schinderhannes’ remains. Additionally, the prediction of eye, hair and skin color from the DNA offered science-based data to clarify conflicting historical records.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic investigative genetic genealogy using genotypes generated or imputed from transcriptomes","authors":"Daniel Kling ,&nbsp;Alberte Honoré Jepsen ,&nbsp;Marie-Louise Kampmann ,&nbsp;Stine Bøttcher Jacobsen ,&nbsp;Andreas Tillmar ,&nbsp;Claus Børsting ,&nbsp;Jeppe Dyrberg Andersen","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utility of transcriptome analysis in forensic genetics is steadily increasing. The transcriptome, with its ability to reflect both transcript levels and their nucleotide sequences, is proving to be useful for a variety of different applications, including body fluid identification and donor assignment, thereby providing both genetic and contextual information. Furthermore, the substantial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) coverage obtainable with whole transcriptome sequencing may prove useful for additional applications. In this study, we expand the current knowledge of transcriptomics in forensic genetics by showing how RNA can be used for forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) purposes and inference of distant relationships. Genetic data was simulated for relationships ranging from full siblings (first-degree relatives) to third cousins (seventh-degree relatives). The sets of SNP genotypes were subsequently reduced to only include observed and imputed SNP genotypes at loci covered by transcriptome sequencing of whole blood. The relationships of relatives as distant as second cousins could be reliably classified based on an average of 99,548 SNPs. Appropriate thresholds for sequence quality parameters limited the rate of erroneous genotype calls, with the remaining errors proving to have little to no effect on relationship inference. In conclusion, we present a proof-of-concept study on how transcriptome-based genotypes, in combination with imputed genotypes, may be used for reliable relationship inference for FIGG purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of marker panel sizes on estimation of bio-geographical co-ancestry proportions","authors":"M. de la Puente ,&nbsp;L. Casanova-Adán ,&nbsp;J. González-Bao ,&nbsp;J. Pardo-Seco ,&nbsp;A. Mosquera-Miguel ,&nbsp;A. Ambroa-Conde ,&nbsp;J. Ruiz-Ramírez ,&nbsp;A. Cabrejas-Olalla ,&nbsp;M. Boullón-Cassau ,&nbsp;A. Freire-Aradas ,&nbsp;A. Rodríguez ,&nbsp;C. Phillips ,&nbsp;M.V. Lareu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large number of ancestry-informative marker panels have been developed for forensic bio-geographical ancestry (BGA) analysis during the past decade, which offer valuable investigative tools for cold cases. The developed assays for capillary electrophoresis (CE) and massively parallel sequencing (MPS) focus on the differentiation of major populations, with MPS allowing larger numbers of markers that can be multiplexed at the same time and therefore improved differentiation of more closely related Eurasian populations. One limitation of BGA inference tools is the handling of co-ancestry in individuals with admixted backgrounds, which leads to two situations being indistinguishable: (i) the individual belongs to an admixed population, or (ii) the individual has recent ancestors from different populations. Accurate and precise co-ancestry estimates can help, as first or second-degree admixture would show a ∼ 50–50 % or ∼ 75–25 % ratio of co-ancestry proportions. Here we compared the co-ancestry proportion estimations obtained for the set of 2504 individuals from the 1000 Genomes Project with dedicated BGA and human identification (ID) assays of different sizes compared to those obtained with the &gt; 500,000 SNP Affymetrix Human Origins panel as the point of reference for each individual. The results of the correlation analysis performed with &gt; 500 admixed individuals indicate that panel size plays a major role in the accuracy of the co-ancestry estimates. Therefore, the large-scale forensic MPS ID panels we evaluated constitute a valuable alternative to small- and medium-scale BGA panels, especially when admixture is expected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50435,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International-Genetics","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 103275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}