International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Smart energy network digital twins: Findings from a UK-based demonstrator project","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital Twins promise to deliver a step-change in distribution system operations and planning, but there are few real-world examples that explore the challenges of combining imperfect model and measurement data, and then use these as the basis for subsequent analysis. In this work we propose a Digital Twin framework for electrical distribution systems and implement that framework on the Smart Energy Network Demonstrator microgrid in the UK. The data and software implementation are made available open-source, and consist of a network model, power meter measurements, and unbalanced power flow-based algorithms. Measurement and network uncertainties are shown to have a substantial impact on the quality of Digital Twin outputs. The potential benefits of a dynamic export limit and voltage control are estimated using the Digital Twin, using simulated measurements to address data quality challenges, with results showing curtailment for an exemplar day could be reduced by 56%. Power meter data and a network model are shown to be necessary for developing algorithms that enable decision-making that is robust to real-world uncertainties, with possibilities and challenges of Digital Twin development clearly demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven continuous-time framework for frequency-constrained unit commitment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conventional approach to solving the unit commitment problem involves discrete intervals at an hourly scale, particularly when integrating frequency dynamics to formulate a frequency-constrained unit commitment. To overcome this limitation, a novel continuous-time frequency-constrained unit commitment framework is proposed in this paper. In this approach, Bernstein polynomials represent continuous variables in the unit commitment problem and enable the calculation of frequency response-related metrics such as the rate of change of frequency, quasi-steady-state frequency, and frequency nadir, and the corresponding continuous-time constraints are introduced. Notably, startup and shut-down trajectories are meticulously considered, transforming the formulation into a fully continuous-time model and simplifying constraints related to variable continuity. To address the complexities associated with integrating the obtained non-linear frequency nadir constraint into a mixed-integer linear problem, an alternative data-driven frequency nadir constraint is proposed, which accurately constrains frequency nadir deviations throughout the time interval. To validate the proposed model, it is applied to the real-life network of the Spanish Island of La Palma. The data-driven method for estimating frequency nadir has demonstrated a minimum accuracy of 99.61% and has consistently maintained the frequency above the defined threshold.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic parameter identification method for wireless charging system of AUV based on multi-strategy nonlinear rime algorithm","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The magnetic coupling wireless charging system may experience changes in mutual inductance and load due to the impact of actual underwater environment, which would lower the system’s transmission efficiency. In response to the circumstance, firstly, this paper proposes the circuit structure of the dynamic autonomous underwater vehicle wireless charging system with LCC-S-Buck-Boost, and a dynamic parameter identification method based on the multi-strategy nonlinear Rime algorithm. Secondly, it is proposed that the difference between the actual input current value of the primary side of the system and the current value calculated by the identification method, and the difference between the actual coil current value of the secondary side of the system and the coil current value calculated by the identification method are used as the adaptability function of the identification method, and the construction of the actual model of the system and the identification algorithm has been completed, and the results of the identification of the system’s mutual inductance and the equivalent load have been obtained. Finally, based on the identification results, it is confirmed that the proposed identification method is efficient and accurate in identifying system mutual inductance and equivalent loads in complex underwater environments by comparing with other algorithms under different values of mutual inductance and equivalent loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal energy sharing for renewable portfolio standard and carbon cap-and-trade scheme: A two-step energy trading approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the renewable portfolio standard and carbon cap-and-trade scheme, consumers faced with the demand of power and carbon emission permits shall be able to participate in three markets, i.e., green power market, electricity market and carbon market. In this paper, we propose a two-step energy trading approach to help consumers optimize their utility, considering the conflict of interest regarding whether to purchase power from the aforementioned three markets and how much power to purchase from each market. This approach takes into account several factors, including the benefits of participating in demand response, the costs associated with consumer dissatisfaction, the costs of power purchased from the electricity market, the costs of renewable power purchased from the green power market, and the costs of carbon emission permits purchased from the carbon market. The two-step formulation establishes an equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints. A chance-constrained optimization method is utilized due to the uncertain fluctuation of renewable power in the two steps. The equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints in the two steps can be settled by the nonlinear optimization of multiple subproblems with corresponding Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. Simulations show that the proposed approach is able to significantly improve the utility of the consumers in the energy trading process among green power, electricity and carbon markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective WAMS infrastructure deployment for cyber-physical resiliency enhancement","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a new combinatorial technique for Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) infrastructure deployment for cyber physical resiliency enhancement. A meaningful optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) for substation oriented complete system observability and Phasor Data concentrator (PDC) have been ensured proposing new method for solving Integer Linear Programming (ILP) using General Algebraic Modelling Language (GAMS) platform. Critically important location vector have been formulated applying Multi Attribute Utility Technique (MAUT), which directs the PDC deployment location selection. However, only the optimal distribution of PMUs and PDCs throughout the network does not satisfy the purpose of these sophisticated yet costly measuring and monitoring devices; rather it is required to be ensured that the fast and precise measurements from this device can be reached to the generation and transmission operators via PDC through the shortest communication path. Hence, a shortest spanning path algorithm has been proposed for the minimization of the communication path among the WAMS elements. The proposed method has been extended while the cyber physical attack compromised device is present in the system. The empirical WAMS elements communication network has been modelled and executed in OMNeT++. The overall cost is calculated by considering some practical cost of the WAMS elements. The efficacy of the proposed technique is checked applying by it on standard IEEE test cases- IEEE 14 bus, 30 bus, and 118-bus system, and represented with post mortem analysis. Finally, to test the effectiveness of the proposed method the results have been compared to some well-established methods.</div><div>© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area-based stability analysis method of grid-connected converter under wide operating conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grid-connected converters (GCCs) exhibit diverse stability characteristics at different operating points. However, traditional stability analysis methods usually study the stability of GCC at a specific operating point. To analyze the stability under time-varying operation conditions, this paper proposes an area-based stability analysis method. Firstly, operating point variables are introduced by the coordinate transformation relationship in phase-locked loop (PLL). Secondly, the small-signal model of GCC considering the coupling between PLL and current control is built. Based on the built model, the stable operation domain can be obtained. The stability of the system can be quickly determined by the relative position of the operating point to the stable boundary. Then, the mechanisms of impedance parameters and control parameters on the stable domain are analyzed to improve the stability of GCC. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed area-based stability analysis method are verified by simulation and experiment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and voltage communication-less control for islanded AC microgrids: Experimental validation via rapid control prototyping","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy transition is becoming one of the main challenges in recent years and it requires a fast discovery of new technologies and solutions to effectively integrate renewables in the electricity system. In this context, islanded AC Microgrids represent one of the most promising architectures, but they require smart and advanced control systems to allow fast and robust operations in all the possible operating scenarios. Among the advanced control techniques, Higher Order Sliding Mode control for power converters is one of the most promising solutions due to its ability to cope with model and parametric uncertainties without generating discontinuous control actions. This work presents the experimental validation of the approach proposed in a theoretical paper in which frequency and voltage controllers were defined that combined advantages of primary and secondary classic regulations. Such experimental campaign has been conducted at the Micro-grid and Smart-grid Research Lab of the Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University of Niš. Results show the correct behavior of the converters control in normal operation scenarios and the possibility to manage transitions between operating modes without any communication infrastructure among the generating units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electricity arbitrage for mobile energy storage in marginal pricing mechanism via bi-level programming","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of renewable energy is integrated into the distribution system. The creation of both new market mechanisms and investment models has critical effects on the economics and security of the distribution market. Mobile energy storage has been used to increase the resilience of distribution grids due to their advantages in mobility and flexibility, which offer electricity arbitrage options for merchant investments. This paper presents a bi-level optimization framework based on location marginal pricing settlement of mobile energy storage financial rights revenue in active distribution systems. In the developed framework, the upper-level problem determines the optimal capacity, routing, and dispatching of mobile energy storage to maximize revenue in the liberalized electricity market. The lower-level problem performs the joint optimization of energy and reserve market clearing as well as renewable energy capacity optimization based on the alternating current optimal power flow model. The non-convexity of the line flow and location marginal pricing is linearized via second-order cone relaxation and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker. The bi-level programming is reformatted as mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints. Further, the revenue risk due to renewable energy uncertainty is measured via conditional value-at-risk. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization framework and solution method is verified using the modified IEEE-33 test system. The results show that mobile energy storage promotes renewable energy and reduces distribution network costs by 2.3%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregated regulation and coordinated scheduling of PV-storage integrated 5G base stations considering PV-load uncertainty","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV)-storage integrated 5G base station (BS) can participate in demand response on a large scale, conduct electricity transaction and provide auxiliary services, thus reducing the high electricity consumption of 5G BSs and increasing the flexibility resource capacity of the distribution network. However, the flexible resource regulation of PV-storage integrated 5G BSs still faces problems such as many regulators, ignored PV-load uncertainty, and poor adaptability of existing regulatory frameworks and scheduling methods, which leads to greater security operation risks in resource regulation decisions and affects the exploitation of the 5G BSs scheduling potential. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes an aggregated regulation and coordinated scheduling method of PV-storage integrated 5G BSs considering PV-load uncertainty. Firstly, a hierarchical cluster-cooperative aggregated regulation framework for the scale PV-storage integrated 5G BSs is established, and a regional communication operator (RCO) schedulable capability model and an information gap decision theory (IGDT) based PV-load uncertainty model are built. Next, a two-stage joint optimization problem is proposed for maximizing the RCO income while reducing the BS cluster operation cost. Then, the first-stage day-ahead transaction optimization problem in the electricity market is solved, and the reliable operation planning and economic operation planning strategies are proposed based on IGDT to adapt to the regulation demand under different uncertainty risks; the second-stage BS cluster real-time operation optimization problem is solved based on the adaptive consensus algorithm considering scheduling preferences (ACSP), achieving distributed real-time coordinated scheduling of multiple agents in the BS cluster. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation examples, which show that the aggregated regulation and coordinated scheduling of PV-storage integrated 5G BSs can achieve mutual benefits for the distribution network and communication operators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint optimal PMU and DULR placement in distribution network considering fault reconstruction and state estimation accuracy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the rapid development of the distribution network, there is an urgent need for high-precision state estimation and safe and stable operation, this paper proposes a joint optimal placement method for Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) and Dual Use Line Relay (DULR) in distribution networks considering fault reconstruction and state estimation accuracy. The proposed method aims to minimize the cost of PMU and DULR configuration. Based on the known pseudo-measurements and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) measurements, we use the E-optimal standard design of the state estimation error covariance matrix to form the state estimation accuracy index and take the relay protection function of Feeder Terminal Unit (FTU) device and DULR device into consideration of the fault reconstruction. By solving the mixed integer semidefinite programming (MISDP) model, the optimal placement result is obtained, so that the network under normal condition and the network after multiple fault reconstruction can meet the constraints of state estimation accuracy and load loss rate respectively. The proposed method is tested on IEEE 33-node, 123-node systems as an example. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and practical.</div><div><strong><em>Note to Practitioners—</em>This study is stimulated by the need for optimizing the placement of Micro-PMU (µPMU) in distribution network. Since the new µPMU device DULR has the same relay protection function as FTU, and distributed generation can supply power to the island after failure, this paper adds the load loss rate to the constraint conditions to study the influence of fault reconstruction on the placement scheme. A new two-step SE method considering mixed measurements was used in this paper to improve the computational efficiency of real-time SE of large-scale system while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation results. We have conducted tests in IEEE-33 and IEEE-123 systems. After preliminary verification, compared with the single fault scenario, we find that the placement scheme considering multiple fault scenarios can effectively improve the accuracy of state estimation and reduce the load loss rate of each fault scenario and only increase the cost a little. The increase in the number of DG and contact lines in the network will also effectively improve the feasibility of the placement scheme. The increase of the number of FTU configurations can effectively reduce the configuration of DULR by adding a small amount of</strong> µ<strong>PMU, reduce the total cost as a result. In future studies, we will further consider the integrated configuration of</strong> µ<strong>PMU, DULR and FTU, to meet more failure scenarios while reducing costs.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}