International Journal of Impact Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Modelling blast wave propagation and failure in concrete induced by internal charge explosion by coupled peridynamics and smoothed particle hydrodynamics","authors":"Xin Liu,&nbsp;Xiangzhen Kong,&nbsp;Qin Fang,&nbsp;Yi Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A coupled non-ordinary state-based peridynamics (NOSB-PD) and smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model is proposed to perform high-fidelity physical based simulation on blast wave propagation and failure in concrete induced by internal charge explosion. To this end, the NOSB-PD framework with implementation of the Kong-Fang model is employed to model concrete solid due to its capability to handle natural discontinuity of complex failure. The SPH theory with four improvements of the delta-SPH method, the particle shifting technique, Monaghan artificial term and three-dimensional particle splitting technique is used to model explosive due to its capability to deal with the hydrodynamic problems. And their physical interactions are modelled by the PD-SPH coupling method based on ghost particles and repulsive forces. After numerical implementation using explicit time integration, the proposed coupled NOSB-PD and SPH model is employed to numerically predict two sets of internal spherical and cylindrical charge explosion tests in normal-strength and high-strength concrete targets. Based on the discretization determined by convergence study, numerical predictions are found to show good agreements with corresponding test data in terms of the blast wave propagation and failure in the concrete targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 105268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rate-dependent peridynamic–SPH coupling model for damage and failure analysis of concrete dam structures subjected to underwater explosions","authors":"Xieping Huang,&nbsp;Bin Zhu,&nbsp;Yunmin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a coupled peridynamics (PD) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model to handle the complex physical processes in concrete dam structures subjected to near-field underwater explosions. A robust coupling algorithm is applied to ensure accurate data exchange between PD and SPH domains, enabling the simulation of fluid-structure interactions. To account for the material behavior under high strain rates, a rate-dependent concrete model is integrated into the PD–SPH framework. The developed PD–SPH model is validated through simulations of centrifugal model tests, with results benchmarked against experimental findings and finite element method (FEM) predictions. The simulation captures key damage features, including horizontal tensile cracking at the dam head and an oblique penetrating crack in the dam body, forming an angle of approximately 17° relative to the horizontal. Velocity and strain responses at critical monitoring points demonstrate strong agreement with FEM results, showcasing the model's capability in accurately predicting the structural responses and failure of concrete dams caused by underwater explosions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, research applying a coupled PD–SPH model to concrete structures under blast loading is still rare, particularly when considering the entire physical process, from explosive detonation to structural failure, accounting for fluid-structure interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105270"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on bubble dynamics near plates with a hole under near-field underwater explosion","authors":"Yipeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Jian Qin ,&nbsp;Zhichao Lai ,&nbsp;Xiangyao Meng ,&nbsp;Yanbo Wen ,&nbsp;Ruiyuan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shock waves inflict catastrophic impacts and severe damage on ships. To investigate the following bubble dynamics near damaged ship structures subjected to shock waves, underwater explosion experiments were conducted using 2.5 g TNT detonated beneath clamped elastoplastic plates with varying hole dimensions and shapes. The experimental results indicated that the dimension and shape of these holes significantly influence the morphology of resulting water jets. A finite element model was developed and validated, followed by a series of numerical simulations to systematically investigate the evolution of water jets and the dynamic response of clamped elastoplastic plates across varying stand-off distances, hole dimensions, and explosive equivalents. The findings reveal that the interaction of various loads and boundary conditions lead to distinct water jets: upward, counter, and downtown water jets. Based on these findings, a criterion was proposed to classify jet morphologies beneath clamped elastoplastic plates. Finally, full-scale ship numerical simulations were performed at varying distances to assess the damage modes associated with various jet types. This investigation offers certain guidance for the blast-resistance ship design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105253"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the molding process and service temperature on the ballistic resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber laminates","authors":"Jiawei Bao ,&nbsp;Zhaopu Yan ,&nbsp;Yangwei Wang ,&nbsp;Huanwu Cheng ,&nbsp;Tianfeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xingwang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The molding process and service temperature can affect the ballistic resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) laminates. In this study, three different molding processes were used to obtain three types of UHMWPE laminates, and their ballistic resistance was tested using 7.62 mm × 54 mm mild steel core bullets. The laminates were tested at different temperatures: −50 °C, room temperature, and 70 °C, with a molding temperature of 130 °C and a molding pressure of 25 MPa. Simulation models were established for different processes and test temperatures. Combining experimental and simulation models, a systematic analysis was conducted on the ballistic resistance, damage patterns, damage processes, and deformation processes of the UHMWPE laminates. The results showed that the molding pressure and temperature had a significant impact on the energy dissipation capability and damage forms of the panels. The laminates prepared at a molding temperature of 130 °C and a molding pressure of 15 MPa exhibited the best energy dissipation capability. Increases in interlaminar bonding strength and flexural strength of the UHMWPE laminates helped to reduce the internal damage volume and back bulge height. The damage volume and back bulge height of the material were found to be unrelated to its energy dissipation capability, which was primarily associated with the laminate's intrinsic strength. Enhancing the interlaminar strength of the material aided in increasing the laminate's resistance to the projectile, causing severe deformation of the core projectile's head.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling laws for two-metallic spheres in a head-on collision","authors":"S.L. Cai ,&nbsp;G. Ding ,&nbsp;G.H. Duan ,&nbsp;X.H. Jing ,&nbsp;L.H. Dai ,&nbsp;M.Q. Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-sphere collision (TSC) as a kind of fundamental impact phenomena is of both science and engineering significance. The classic theories based on Hertz contact mechanics work well for TSC at low speeds, but fail to describe high-speed behaviors with damages such cracks and debris. In this work, with TSC experiments and simulations, we measure two key parameters: the elastic restitution coefficient and momentum transfer factor with the relative collision speed up to 120 m/s in laboratory experiments and up to 1000 m/s in numerical simulations. We further perform the dimensional analysis to obtain the scaling laws for the restitution coefficient and momentum transfer factor. It reveals that the relative speed and the speed ratio of TSC respectively dominate the elastic restitution and momentum transfer. Compared to the previous models, the TSC scaling laws show a better prediction of both experimental and simulation data. This work increases the understanding of TSC mechanism at high speeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of foreign particle erosion-induced failure in thermal barrier coatings: A novel coupling plastic damage model of dual-horizon peridynamics and FEM","authors":"Yehui Bie ,&nbsp;Kuanjie Ding ,&nbsp;Huilong Ren ,&nbsp;Tinh Quoc Bui ,&nbsp;Timon Rabczuk ,&nbsp;Yueguang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The foreign particle erosion that the particles ingested into the gas turbine engine inlet or produced by the carbon deposits in the combustor could impact the surface of ceramic layer in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) may cause the performance loss of TBCs and engine explosion in severe cases. Thus, it is important to study the foreign particle erosion-induced failure mechanism in thermal barrier coatings. To this end, we propose a coupling plastic damage model of dual-horizon peridynamics and FEM for foreign particle erosion-induced failure of TBCs. Dual-horizon peridynamics is used in the portions of areas that may exist significant plastic deformation and damage, meanwhile FEM is used in the remaining areas to minimize computing costs. The coupling plastic damage model is firstly validated by the ductile damage of the 2D asymmetrically notched specimen and 3D cylinder with the initial penny-shaped fracture. And then, the influences of the foreign particle shape, impact velocity and erosion angle on the erosion failure of TBCs are comprehensively investigated by the coupling plastic damage model. The numerical results are in quantitative and qualitative agreement with the existing experiment or the preceding numerical solution. Our numerical investigation confirms the need for developing the coupling plastic damage model in revealing the foreign particle erosion-induced failure process of TBCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centrifuge modeling of dynamic response of underground concrete silo against adjacent buried explosion loads","authors":"Longhua Guan ,&nbsp;Fengkui Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiang Lu ,&nbsp;Dezhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhu ,&nbsp;Yubing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The underground silo has a wide range of applications in both civil and military engineering, and is vulnerable to intense loadings such as explosion in some special service scenarios. This study focuses on the dynamic response of underground concrete silo against adjacent buried explosion loads. Three groups of centrifuge model tests of buried explosion near the silo structure in dry sand are designed and conducted. The characteristic parameters of excavated cratering, blast loadings, and structure vibration are recorded in the tests, and the effect of charge DoB (depth of burial) and stand-off distance are analyzed. The distribution pattern of blast loadings on the silo front is investigated, and a general formula is derived to predict the peak blast overpressure along the silo front based on dimensional analysis and test results. The blast-induced structure vibration inside the silo is monitored, and the mechanism of interior structure motion under external explosion loadings is discussed. The time-frequency analysis of the interior acceleration response is conducted using the HHT (Hilbert-Huang Transform) method. The silo exhibits a high-frequency forced vibration pattern within the positive overpressure duration, whereafter falls into the low-frequency sinusoidal free vibration stage. The tolerance and fragility assessment of personnel and accessory equipment inside the silo is further performed based on the peak acceleration and shock response spectrum criteria. The results show that despite no apparent damage being observed on the concrete silo under the explosion conditions in this study (TNT equivalent of 1200 kg and stand-off distance close to 5.3 m in prototype), the blast-induced structure vibration would pose a significant threat to the interior personnel and precision instruments such as computers and communication devices. The research findings can benefit the prediction of blast loadings and dynamic response of concrete silos subjected to external explosion, and provide a robust experimental basis for underground protective engineering design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105256"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and shape distributions of ejecta from hypervelocity impact between rock projectile and metal target","authors":"Koske Matsubara ,&nbsp;Yukari Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Akiko M. Nakamura ,&nbsp;Sunao Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypervelocity impact experiments of rock projectiles and steel targets were conducted at velocities ranging from approximately 3 km/s to 7 km/s. Ejecta with various ejection angles were analyzed using aluminum foil targets. The number density of ejecta was highest at 50° within the range of 25° to 50° relative to the projectile trajectory examined in this study. The major and minor axes of the ejecta were estimated from the corresponding axes of the foil holes, using an empirical relationship newly formulated in this study based on a previous study. No clear dependence of the ejecta axial ratio distributions on ejection angle was observed for impacts at 3 km/s and 5 km/s. For impacts at 7 km/s, the axial ratio of the ejecta tended to be higher than that observed at lower impact velocities. The axial ratio distribution of the ejecta exhibited a dependence on size, with the fraction of ejecta smaller than 10 µm having small axial ratios being suppressed at an impact velocity of 7 km/s compared to 3 km/s or 5 km/s, likely due to the inclusion of melt droplets that would have high axial ratios. On the other hand, ejecta in the larger size range (&gt;20 µm) showed no change in axial ratio distribution with respect to impact velocity, suggesting that ejecta of this size were probably solid fragments. Observations of the ejecta captured in aerogel blocks revealed spherical structures ranging in size from a few to 10 µm that may have been melt droplets. The sizes were of the same order of magnitude as predicted by a previous physical model, which considers the balance between kinetic energy and surface energy of melt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of shear thickening fluids to high velocity ballistic impact","authors":"Shuchang Long ,&nbsp;Huanming Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Yao ,&nbsp;Tao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shear thickening fluid is widely used in protective structures due to its distinctive rheology, exhibiting a transition from liquid to a solid-like state under impact. This paper presents experimental, numerical and analytical studies on shear thickening fluid under ballistic impact. First of all, corn starch suspensions with various fractions were prepared, and their shear thickening properties were verified by rheological tests. Then, ballistic impact tests were carried out on the suspensions, and a finite element model was established for numerical calculation. Subsequently, a novel analytical model based on Oseen equations was proposed to predict the ballistic behavior of shear thickening fluid. The model was verified by both test and simulation results, and utilized in the parametric studies. The ballistic limit velocities of shear thickening fluid under different rheological parameters and impact conditions were obtained, which lays a foundation for the application of shear thickening fluid in impact resistant structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 105248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid–structure coupled simulation framework for lightweight explosion containment structures under large deformations","authors":"Aditya Narkhede ,&nbsp;Shafquat Islam ,&nbsp;Xingsheng Sun ,&nbsp;Kevin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lightweight, single-use explosion containment structures provide an effective solution for neutralizing rogue explosives, combining affordability with ease of transport. This paper introduces a three-stage simulation framework that captures the distinct physical processes and time scales involved in detonation, shock propagation, and large, plastic structural deformations. A working hypothesis is that as the structure becomes lighter and more flexible, its dynamic interaction with the gaseous explosion products becomes increasingly significant. Unlike previous studies that rely on empirical models to approximate pressure loads, this framework employs a partitioned procedure to couple a finite volume compressible fluid dynamics solver with a finite element structural dynamics solver. Given the rapid expansion of explosion products and the large structural deformation, the level set and embedded boundary methods are utilized to track the fluid-fluid and fluid–structure interfaces. The interfacial mass, momentum, and energy fluxes are computed by locally constructing and solving one-dimensional bi-material Riemann problems. A case study is presented involving a thin-walled steel chamber subjected to an internal explosion of <span><math><mrow><mn>250</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>g</mtext></mrow></math></span> TNT. The result shows a 30% increase in the chamber volume due to plastic deformation, with its strains remaining below the fracture limit. Although the incident shock pulse carries the highest pressure, the subsequent pulses from wave reflections also contribute significantly to structural deformation. The high energy and compressibility of the explosion products lead to highly nonlinear fluid dynamics, with shock speeds varying across both space and time. Comparisons with simpler simulation methods reveal that decoupling the fluid and structural dynamics overestimates the plastic strain by 43.75%, while modeling the fluid dynamics as a transient pressure load fitted to the first shock pulse underestimates the plastic strain by 31.25%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 105238"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143267041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}