International Journal of Impact Engineering最新文献

Puncture properties of aluminum foil over a wide range of deformation rates 铝箔在大变形率范围内的穿刺性能

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105395

Hiroyuki Yamada , Takinori Ueno , Nagahisa Ogasawara

{"title":"Puncture properties of aluminum foil over a wide range of deformation rates","authors":"Hiroyuki Yamada , Takinori Ueno , Nagahisa Ogasawara","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The puncture properties of 40-µm 8006 aluminum alloy foil at a wide range of velocities were evaluated. First, to perform the impact puncture test, which has not been reported so far, a load cell for impact puncture testing, which combines a needle and a stress sensing part, was investigated using finite element analysis (FEA), and it was shown that the load could be measured under several m/s. A falling-weight impact puncture test apparatus was then developed. Next, puncture tests were carried out over a wide range of displacement rates (1.0 × 10<sup>–5</sup>–1.3 × 10<sup>0</sup> m/s). The resulting trend of the displacement rate dependence of the material strength obtained from the load-displacement relationship was in qualitative agreement with the strain rate dependence of the material strength obtained from uniaxial tensile tests. However, when the displacement rate increased above 1 m/s, the trend of load increase in the early stages of deformation changed. Observation with a high-speed camera and the results of FEA showed that the deformation in the puncture test direction propagated from the contact area between the needle and the specimen towards the specimen anchorage area. This deformation wave is reflected back to the contact area in the opposite phase when it reaches the specimen anchor, causing deformation that entrains the tip of the needle, thus increasing the load. Based on the above results, the thrusting properties of the film were evaluated over a wide range of speeds, from quasi-static to impact velocity, and the mechanism of the thrusting deformation was clarified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simplified mode solutions for final plastic deformation of circular plates under localized impulsive loading 局部脉冲载荷作用下圆板最终塑性变形的简化模态解

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105397

Weizheng Xu, Yu Huang, Tong Li, Hao Tang, Yexun Li, Hua Fu, Xianxu Zheng

{"title":"Simplified mode solutions for final plastic deformation of circular plates under localized impulsive loading","authors":"Weizheng Xu, Yu Huang, Tong Li, Hao Tang, Yexun Li, Hua Fu, Xianxu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A general approach for constructing simplified mode solutions for final plastic deformation of circular plates under localized impulsive loading are derived. During construction, the initial modal velocity is calculated by the modal approximation technique. The average strain rate effect is considered by estimating the maximum strain rate field in a circular plate when one-half the initial modal kinetic energy has been dissipated. Once a deformation profile is given, the formula for calculating final plastic deformation considering strain rate effects will be obtained according to the conservation of energy. Firstly, the Bessel deformation profile is selected according to the field equation, the calculated results of the analytical solution are in good agreement with the experimental results. Then the influence of two commonly used parabolic and cosine deformation profiles on the final plastic deformation is discussed. According to the simplified mode solutions, three new dimensionless numbers are proposed, and effective fitting formulas for predicting the final dimensionless plastic deformation are established based on new dimensionless numbers according to a large amount of experimental data. Moreover, the new dimensionless numbers are compared with Nurick's dimensionless number in different loading scenarios to prove that the dimensionless number given in this paper is more reasonable. The research in this paper can provide some reference for the study and evaluation of the dynamic plastic response of circular plates under localized impulsive loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105397"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scaling effect of mechanical response for CFST component subjected to impact load: The effect of steel ratio 冲击荷载作用下CFST构件力学响应的标度效应：钢比的影响

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105398

Liu Jin, Qian Fu, Renbo Zhang, Jian Li, Xiuli DU

{"title":"Scaling effect of mechanical response for CFST component subjected to impact load: The effect of steel ratio","authors":"Liu Jin, Qian Fu, Renbo Zhang, Jian Li, Xiuli DU","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the existence of scaling effect, the impact resistance of geometrically similar CFST components is no longer similar. So whether the steel ratio will affect the scaling effect of the impact resistance for geometrically similar CFST components has not been clearly concluded. Based on this, in order to study the influence of steel ratio on the scaling effect of the impact resistance, geometrically similar (<em>λ</em>=1,2,3,4) CFST components with seven steel ratios were designed for impact numerical simulation. It is found that the increase of steel ratio weakens the scaling effect of the impact response for geometrically similar CFST components, such as damage deformation, energy absorption and impact force, etc. The main reason is that the increase of steel ratio weakens the difference of plastic deformation range and degree in mid-span impacted area for geometrically similar CFST components during the whole impact process, which leads to a significant reduction in the difference of deflection deformation, contact stiffness, inertial force and stress wave propagation. In addition, this study also proposes the calculation formulas of scaling effect considering the steel ratio. It is expected to provide support for the engineering application promotion and the theoretical in-depth study of impact resistance for the CFST components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical investigation on projectile penetration resistance of a composite material made of granite rubble and UHPC 花岗岩碎石与UHPC复合材料抗弹丸侵彻性能的实验与数值研究

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105390

Yaozong Yang , Xiangzhen Kong , Qin Fang , Yong Peng

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on projectile penetration resistance of a composite material made of granite rubble and UHPC","authors":"Yaozong Yang , Xiangzhen Kong , Qin Fang , Yong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite bursting layer made of rock rubble and cementitious matrix has good penetration resistance and superior cost-effectiveness. However, the anti-penetration mechanism of this composite material is still not well understood. A combined experimental and numerical investigation of the anti-penetration mechanism of a composite material composed of granite rubble and ultra-high-performance concrete was carried out in the present study. Firstly, a test of projectile penetration into the composite target was conducted, which provided valuable data including the penetration depth, frontal crater dimension and cross-sectional damage in the composite target. Then, a corresponding numerical model was established based on the random distribution algorithm, Kong-Fang material model and SPG algorithm, which was validated against the conducted penetration test. The validated numerical model was finally used to investigate influences of granite-rubble size, volume fraction, and material strengths on the penetration resistance of the composite targets. Numerical results demonstrated that enhancing penetration resistance of the composite target can be achieved by optimizing rock-rubble size, increasing the strengths of constituent materials, and reducing the volumetric fraction of rock rubble. Corresponding suggestions were given for engineering use as to balance the penetration resistance and cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105390"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of invariance in the finite similitude scaling theory 不变性在有限相似标度理论中的作用

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105383

Keith Davey , Wenyue Gai , Khine Kyaw , Hamed Sadeghi

{"title":"The role of invariance in the finite similitude scaling theory","authors":"Keith Davey , Wenyue Gai , Khine Kyaw , Hamed Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new scaling theory has appeared in the open literature called <em>finite similitude</em>, which provides an infinite number of new similitude rules that can in principle accommodate all scale effects. A difficulty with the practical application of the theory in experimentation is that (in the absence of supporting analysis) only lower-order similitude rules are feasible since the number of scaled experiments necessarily increases with rule order. Scaling analysis is not constrained to the same extent but nonetheless it is necessary to determine explicitly scaling functions that depend on a single parameter (the length scalar <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>). One approach to obtaining these scaling functions is by targeting invariants in the physical system under scrutiny. All manner of scale invariances can be targeted such as geometric measures of length, area, and volume, along with space–time measures of length-time, area-time, and volume-time. Important kinematics parameters such as speed (e.g., acoustic, light) and acceleration (e.g., gravitational) can also be targeted including material properties (e.g., viscosity) and important fields (e.g., velocity, stress). The focus of this paper is to examine the role and importance of invariances to the finite-similitude theory with the aim of providing insight into the possible options available. Although continuum mechanics under scaling is the focus here, invariances from microstructural considerations can often arise. A number of case studies in solid mechanics are presented involving both quasistatic and dynamic crack propagation to demonstrate the reach and benefits of the approach in scaling analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the impactor simulation modeling on the dynamic response of kinetic impact for asteroid defense 小行星防御用冲击器动力学响应仿真建模分析

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105393

Yandong Liu , Qi Zhou , Mingtao Li

{"title":"Analysis of the impactor simulation modeling on the dynamic response of kinetic impact for asteroid defense","authors":"Yandong Liu , Qi Zhou , Mingtao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the limitations of simulation scale and computational time on resolution, simplified impactor models used in current kinetic impact defense simulations for asteroids often fail to accurately reproduce the complex impact responses caused by the internal structure of the real impactor. In order to investigate the influence of different impactor simulation modeling approaches on the impact response in kinetic impact defense for asteroids, a systematic comparison was conducted using the three-dimensional SPH method. The results show that different impactor modeling approaches can have a significant influence on the simulation results, with each simplified model failing to fully replicate the impact response of the real impactor. Compared to the real impactor, the momentum enhancement factor for solid aluminum spheres and low bulk density aluminum spheres is 10 % to 50 % higher. In terms of the ejection cone angle, the results for low solid density aluminum spheres tend to be larger than those for the real impactor, with the differences being more pronounced at early stages. In the study of the distribution of the azimuthal angle of the ejection momentum, the results for aluminum cubes with 90 % porosity are typically closer to those of the real impactor than those for aluminum cubes with 63 % porosity. However, the extremely high porosity also causes deviations in the ejected momentum distribution in scenarios of complete asteroid damage, differing from the real impactor. Therefore, when focusing on specific impact response results, simplified models with minimal errors can be selected. Among these, aluminum materials with 63 % or higher porosity offer the best overall performance as simplified impactor models, followed by low solid density aluminum materials. These findings provide experimental evidence for optimizing impactor modeling selection and clarify the applicable scenarios and limitations of different modeling approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of attitude deflection and trajectory yawing mechanism of concrete wedge-water layer combination structures for long rod ogive-nosed projectiles

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105392

Anbang Jiang, Dian Li, Yongqing Li, Zichun He, Hailiang Hou

{"title":"Study of attitude deflection and trajectory yawing mechanism of concrete wedge-water layer combination structures for long rod ogive-nosed projectiles","authors":"Anbang Jiang, Dian Li, Yongqing Li, Zichun He, Hailiang Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore an efficient deflection yaw anti-penetration protection structure, based on the attitude deflection and trajectory yawing phenomena of the projectile penetration into the special shape structure and the non-ideal entry of the projectile into the water. A concrete wedge and water layer combination structure is proposed to protect against the penetration of the ogive-nosed projectile. Ballistic impact tests and numerical simulations were conducted on the concrete wedge-water layer combination structure to evaluate its resistance against long-barreled ogive-nosed projectile penetration. The study analyzes the changes in forces, attitude, and trajectory during the projectile's penetration of the concrete wedge and water, and identifies typical projectile damage modes. The results show that during the penetration process, the concrete wedge induces initial attitude deflection and trajectory yaw in the projectile, asymmetric erosion of the head and overall bending deformation. After entering the water layer, sustained asymmetric forces apply to the projectile, leading to further bending deformation, sustained deflection and yawing motion. As the initial velocity increases, the projectile exhibits three distinct deformation and damage modes: asymmetric surface abrasion, asymmetric head deformation, and head erosion combined with overall bending.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105392"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medium-high kinetic energy impact on asteroids—The influence of target compressive strength and projectile velocity on momentum enhancement, ejecta characteristics and craters

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105385

Haotong Huang, Xianzhang Chen, Xiongwen Jiang, Shijia Xu, Yue Li, Jiayi Li, Zhang Wei

{"title":"Medium-high kinetic energy impact on asteroids—The influence of target compressive strength and projectile velocity on momentum enhancement, ejecta characteristics and craters","authors":"Haotong Huang, Xianzhang Chen, Xiongwen Jiang, Shijia Xu, Yue Li, Jiayi Li, Zhang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of target compressive strength and projectile velocity on momentum enhancement under medium-high speed kinetic impact. Steel spheres with a diameter of 6 mm were employed as projectiles, while concrete targets with compressive strengths ranging from 20 to 60 MPa were used. Previous studies often utilized projectiles at velocities exceeding 1000 m/s, a regime where projectiles cannot typically be treated as rigid bodies. This research focuses on measuring momentum enhancement under rigid-body penetration conditions, with experimental impact velocities ranging from 300 to 1000 m/s. The momentum enhancement of the target was quantified, along with fragment velocities and crater morphology. Simultaneously, experiments were simulated using Autodyn. The results indicate that, under medium-high speed kinetic impacts, the effects of projectile velocity and target compressive strength on momentum enhancement are relatively small, approximating a constant value. The velocity distribution of the ejecta follows a near-normal distribution. At the same compressive strength, an increase in impact velocity corresponds to a gradual rise in the fragment speed associated with the peak frequency. However, at similar impact velocity, the change in peak frequency velocity is not significant with increasing material strength. The volume and depth of the craters are positively correlated with projectile impact velocity and negatively correlated with target compressive strength. This study provides empirical evidence support for understanding the momentum amplification effect under medium-high velocity kinetic impacts, offering references for future research in asteroid deflection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105385"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complexity of space trajectory and macro-micro failure mechanism of elliptical projectile penetrating concrete at high velocity 椭圆弹高速侵彻混凝土空间弹道复杂性及宏微观破坏机制

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105386

Heng Dong, Haijun Wu, Guang Ren, Yingqing Lv, Xin Quan, Meng Li, Fenglei Huang

{"title":"Complexity of space trajectory and macro-micro failure mechanism of elliptical projectile penetrating concrete at high velocity","authors":"Heng Dong, Haijun Wu, Guang Ren, Yingqing Lv, Xin Quan, Meng Li, Fenglei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the oblique penetration behavior of the high-speed elliptical projectile into a concrete target. The complexity of the oblique penetration trajectory is analyzed. For the first time, it is discovered that during the penetration process, the elliptical projectile rotates around its longitudinal axis and exhibits more pronounced three-dimensional ballistic characteristics compared to a circular projectile. Then, the elliptical projectiles' macro deformation and failure mechanism are analyzed. Four typical macroscopic failure modes of the elliptic projectile are identified: overall mass erosion and the surface cutting pit, the crushing at the junction of the head and the shank, the bending near the 1/2 length in the minor axis side, and the collapsed and fractured of wall on the side of the minor axis. Finally, the intrinsic mechanisms of mass erosion and fracture failure of the elliptical projectile are explained through microanalysis, and the relationship between the micro failure mechanisms and the structural characteristics of elliptical projectiles is revealed. It suggests that the major axis side of the elliptical projectile is subjected to a more severe loading environment during the penetration process, and the fracture of its head is mainly attributed to the combined action of composite compression-shear and tensile-shear stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105386"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic response of reinforced interlocking brick wall under impact loading 冲击荷载作用下钢筋联锁砖墙的动力响应

IF 5.1 2区工程技术

International Journal of Impact Engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105388

Guochao Wang , Xihong Zhang , Hong Hao , Gang Li

{"title":"Dynamic response of reinforced interlocking brick wall under impact loading","authors":"Guochao Wang , Xihong Zhang , Hong Hao , Gang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2025.105388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brick walls are prevalently utilized as load-bearing elements in low-rise edifices or serve as infill walls within reinforced concrete and steel frameworks. The interlocking brick, an inventive structural variant, boasts appealing features including enhanced structural performance and expedited construction, among others. This study probes the dynamic response exhibited by reinforced interlocking brick walls when subjected to impact loads, drawing insights from laboratory experiments, numerical simulations, and simplified Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) analysis. Laboratory impact tests were first carried out on a mortar-less reinforced interlocking brick wall using pendulum impact system. The deformation processes and damage modes of interlocking brick wall pertinent to low-velocity impact loads were studied. Subsequently, a comprehensive numerical model was developed in LS-DYNA, which was validated against laboratory testing data. Numerical simulations were utilized to better understand the load transfer and stress concentration around shear keys of interlocking bricks when subjected to impact loading. Comparison was made between interlocking brick walls and conventional concrete masonry unit walls when subjected to impact loadings. Last but not least, a SDOF model is generated and validated with laboratory testing data for engineering design. Parametric study is conducted to examine the influences of wall height, wall thickness, reinforcement ratio and brick material strength on the impact resistance capacity of interlocking brick wall when subjected to out-of-plane impact loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50318,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Impact Engineering","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 105388"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0