International Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Nanopore 16S amplicon sequencing enables rapid detection of pathogen in knee periprosthetic joint infection","authors":"Hyuk-Soo Han ,&nbsp;Du Hyun Ro ,&nbsp;Jeehyeok Chung ,&nbsp;Narae Kim ,&nbsp;Jangsup Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We investigated whether nanopore 16S amplicon sequencing is capable of bacterial identification in patients with knee prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and we compared its efficacy with conventional culture studies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In total, 36 patients who had clinical manifestation suspected of PJI were enrolled in this study. To begin, synovial fluids were aspirated from the affected knee using aseptic technique and tissues specimens were obtained during the surgery. Next, DNA was extracted from the synovial fluid or tissues, and 16S rDNA PCR was performed. In PCR positive cases, nanopore amplicon sequencing was then performed for up to 3 h. The results of amplicon sequencing were compared to those of conventional culture studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 36 patients enrolled, 22 were classified as true infections according to the MSIS criteria whereas 14 were considered uninfected. Among the 22 PJI cases, 19 cases were culture positive (CP-PJI) while three cases were culture negative (CN-PJI). In 14 of 19 (73.7 %) CP- PJI cases, 16S sequencing identified concordant bacteria with conventional culture studies with a significantly shorter turnaround time. In some cases, nanopore 16S sequencing was superior to culture studies in the species-level identification of pathogen and detection of polymicrobial infections. Altogether, in the majority of PJI candidate patients (32 of 36, 88.9 %), 16S sequencing achieved identical results to cultures studies with a significantly reduced turnaround time (100.9 ± 32.5 h vs. 10.8 ± 7.7 h, p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Nanopore 16S sequencing was found to be particularly useful for pathogen identification in knee PJI. Although the sensitivity was not superior to culture studies, the nanopore 16S sequencing was much faster, and species-level identification and detection of polymicrobial infections were superior to culture studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 8","pages":"Article 151570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000236/pdfft?md5=cfa0d1d1587c812eb3cc653651f2dc33&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10397728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlamydia psittaci inhibits apoptosis of human neutrophils by activating P2X7 receptor expression","authors":"Zhangping He ,&nbsp;Chuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianye Wang ,&nbsp;Kang Zheng ,&nbsp;Nan Ding ,&nbsp;Maoying Yu ,&nbsp;Weiwei Li ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Tang ,&nbsp;Yumeng Li ,&nbsp;Jian Xiao ,&nbsp;Mingxing Liang ,&nbsp;Yimou Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study tested the hypothesis that <em>Chlamydia psittaci</em> (<em>C. psittaci</em>) survives and multiplies in human neutrophils by activating P2X7, a nonselective cationic channel receptor expressed constitutively on the surface of these cells. Findings illustrated that P2X7 receptor expression was enhanced in <em>C. psittaci</em>-infected neutrophils. <em>C. psittaci</em> was able to inhibite spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils through mitochondrial-induced ATP release and IL-8 production. Importantly, inhibiting ATP activation of the P2X7 receptor with AZ10606120 promotes apoptosis, while stimulating P2X7 receptor expression with BzATP delayed spontaneous apoptosis of human neutrophils, suggesting that <em>C. psittaci</em> inhibits apoptosis of human neutrophils by activating P2X7 receptor. This study reveals new insights into the survival advantages of the latent persistent state of <em>C. psittaci</em> and the mechanism by which it evades the innate immune response<em>.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 8","pages":"Article 151571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000248/pdfft?md5=a7dee146ab183179e7a671e3e1ac4434&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10361454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-31 mediated by interferon regulatory factor 7 signaling facilitates control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","authors":"Zhiyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiongdan Mai ,&nbsp;Lijia Yang ,&nbsp;Yiwei Chen ,&nbsp;Zixu Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Lin ,&nbsp;Shimin Tan ,&nbsp;Zhiying Wu ,&nbsp;Yongjie Cai ,&nbsp;Taimei Cui ,&nbsp;Beiyin Ouyang ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Lingchan Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhenhuang Ge ,&nbsp;Sien Zhang ,&nbsp;Gucheng Zeng ,&nbsp;Jiang Pi ,&nbsp;Lingming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tuberculosis (TB) induced by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (<em>M. tuberculosis</em>) infection remains a global most deadly infectious disease. While development of more effective TB vaccines and therapeutics relies on identifications of true biomarkers designating an immune protection against <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection, exact protective immune components against <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection remain largely unidentified. We previously found that severe TB induced remarkable up-regulation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) and IRF7-related gene signatures, implicating that some unknown downstream molecules in IRF7 signaling cascades may determine the <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection outcomes and serve as a protective immune component against <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection. Indeed, here, we observe that genetic ablation of IRF7 leads to more severe lung pathology, increased <em>M. tuberculosis</em> burdens, impaired differentiation of effector/memory T subsets, and extensively elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lungs. Importantly, IRF7 is vital for sustaining expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-1/PD-L1-modulated miRNA-31. Moreover, interventions of miRNA-31 expressions via administration of miRNA-31 agomir reduces lung pathology and bacilli burdens via inducing up-regulation of gene sets involved in biological processes of defense response or cellular and chemical homeostasis in lungs. Thus, this study uncovers previously unrecognized importance and mechanisms of IRF7-mediated miRNA-31 as a protective immune component against <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 7","pages":"Article 151569"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000224/pdfft?md5=65e685354e4ed651136488b66bf95000&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40565305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of promoting the differentiation and bone resorption function of osteoclasts by Staphylococcus aureus infection","authors":"Zelei Tong ,&nbsp;Zhihao Chen ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Li ,&nbsp;Zonggang Xie ,&nbsp;Haifang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bone infection is a common and serious complication in the field of orthopedics, which frequently leads to excessive bone destruction and fracture nonunion. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) infection affects bone cell function which, in turn, causes bone destruction. Bone is mainly regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are the only cell type with bone resorptive function. Their over-activation is closely associated with excessive bone loss. Understanding how <em>S. aureus</em> changes the functional state of osteoclasts is the key to effective treatment. By reviewing the literature, this paper summarizes several mechanisms of bone destruction caused by <em>S. aureus</em> influencing osteoclasts, thereby stimulating new ideas for the treatment of bone infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 7","pages":"Article 151568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000212/pdfft?md5=7daefb8ccef94d4f15fbd416c8ec1511&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000212-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33511497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning on the road to unlocking microbiota’s potential for boosting immune checkpoint therapy","authors":"Szymon Wojciechowski ,&nbsp;Monika Majchrzak-Górecka ,&nbsp;Paweł Biernat ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Odrzywołek ,&nbsp;Łukasz Pruss ,&nbsp;Konrad Zych ,&nbsp;Jan Majta ,&nbsp;Kaja Milanowska-Zabel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intestinal microbiota is a complex and diverse ecological community that fulfills multiple functions and substantially impacts human health. Despite its plasticity, unfavorable conditions can cause perturbations leading to so-called dysbiosis, which have been connected to multiple diseases. Unfortunately, understanding the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between those microorganisms and their host is proving to be difficult. Traditionally used bioinformatic tools have difficulties to fully exploit big data generated for this purpose by modern high throughput screens. Machine Learning (ML) may be a potential means of solving such problems, but it requires diligent application to allow for drawing valid conclusions. This is especially crucial as gaining insight into the mechanistic basis of microbial impact on human health is highly anticipated in numerous fields of study. This includes oncology, where growing amounts of studies implicate the gut ecosystems in both cancerogenesis and antineoplastic treatment outcomes. Based on these reports and first signs of clinical benefits related to microbiota modulation in human trials, hopes are rising for the development of microbiome-derived diagnostics and therapeutics. In this mini-review, we’re inspecting analytical approaches used to uncover the role of gut microbiome in immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) with the use of shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SMS) data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 7","pages":"Article 151560"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000133/pdfft?md5=0d74e8769f00bcfd5011f5239bd38ac5&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000133-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40361546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive investigation of antibiotic resistance gene content in cfiA-harboring Bacteroides fragilis isolates of human and animal origins by whole genome sequencing","authors":"Huiluo Cao ,&nbsp;Melissa Chun-Jiao Liu ,&nbsp;Man-Ki Tong ,&nbsp;Shuo Jiang ,&nbsp;Kin-Hung Chow ,&nbsp;Kelvin Kai-Wang To ,&nbsp;Cindy Wing-Sze Tse ,&nbsp;Pak-Leung Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The emergence of multidrug resistance in <em>Bacteroides fragilis</em>, especially the phylogenetic lineage carrying the carbapenemase gene <em>cfiA</em>, represents an increasing threat to human health. However, knowledge on the diversity of the multidrug-resistant strains and the genetic elements carrying the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains limited.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The objective of the study was to describe the resistome in <em>cfiA</em>-positive <em>B. fragilis</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A collection of <em>cfiA</em>-positive <em>B.</em> fragilis from diverse human (8 bacteremias, 15 wound infections) and animal (2 chickens, 2 pigs, 6 dogs, 3 cats) sources in Hong Kong, 2015–2017 was analysed by whole genome sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the 36 isolates, 13 distinct ARGs (total number 83, median 2, range 0–7 per isolate) other than <em>cfiA</em> were detected. ARGs encoding resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, macrolides, sulphonamides and tetracyclines were carried by CTn<em>341</em>-like, CTn<em>Hyb</em>-like, Tn<em>5220</em>-like, Tn<em>4555</em>-like and Tn<em>613</em>-like transposons and were detected in phylogenetically diverse isolates of different host sources. Only few ARGs encoding resistance to metronidazole and tetracyclines were localized on plasmids. In two chicken isolates, a novel transposon (designated as Tn<em>6994</em>) was found to be involved in the dissemination of multiple ARGs mediating resistance to multiple antibiotics, including metronidazole and linezolid that are critically important for treatment of anaerobic infections. In mating experiments, Tn<em>6994</em> and the associated phenotypic resistance could be transferred to <em>Bacteroides nordii</em> recipient.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study illustrates the importance of transposons in the dissemination of ARGs in the <em>cfiA</em>-positive division of <em>B. fragilis</em>. One Health approach is necessary to track the dissemination of ARGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 6","pages":"Article 151559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000121/pdfft?md5=ec6ba4bea6a4f65a403484d3af7ce49b&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40692597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae activates the TGF-β signaling pathway to adhere to and invade intestinal epithelial cells via enhancing TLL1 expression","authors":"Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Shiliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Pei ,&nbsp;Fan Tu ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Yan ,&nbsp;Xuai Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause many diseases in hospitals and communities. Intestinal <em>K. pneumoniae</em> infections are relatively rare. Most <em>K. pneumoniae</em> infections begin with the colonization of the gastrointestinal system. In this study, clinically isolated <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strains were used to infect intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells to study the possible intestinal translocation mechanism of <em>K. pneumoniae</em>. We found that of the three <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strains tested, KP1821 exhibited the strongest adhesive and invasive abilities and that the adhesion to Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells was affected by the acidic environment of the stomach. Transcriptome sequencing revealed the involvement of molecules associated with the extracellular matrix and cell adhesion, inflammatory response, calcium ion and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathways, and other abnormalities in biological processes and cell signaling pathways. Additionally, tolloid-like protein 1 (TLL1) was significantly upregulated. Knocking down TLL1 with shRNA significantly reduced KP1821's ability to invade and adhere to intestinal epithelial cells. TLL1 is involved in the activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Inhibition of this pathway using the inhibitor SB431542 induced significantly reduced adhesion and invasion capabilities of KP1821. Our findings demonstrate that TLL1 participates in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> adhesion and invasion of intestinal epithelial cells by activating the TGF-β signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 6","pages":"Article 151561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000145/pdfft?md5=ef071adda834e849d3b41b62a6025e8e&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000145-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection lead to cancer? Call for a paradigm shift in understanding TB and cancer","authors":"Asrar A. Malik ,&nbsp;Javaid A. Sheikh ,&nbsp;Nasreen Z. Ehtesham ,&nbsp;Subhash Hira ,&nbsp;Seyed E. Hasnain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infections are known to cause tumours though more attributed to viruses. Strong epidemiological links suggest association between bacterial infections and cancers as exemplified by <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> and <em>Salmonella spp</em>. Infection with <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (<em>M. tb</em>)<em>,</em> the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), has been reported to predispose patients to lung cancers and possibly in other organs as well. While this etiopathogenesis warrant inclusion of <em>M. tb</em> in IARC’s (International Agency for Research on Cancer) classified carcinogenic agents, the lack of well-defined literature and direct experimental studies have barred the research community from accepting the role of <em>M. tb</em> as a carcinogen. The background research, case studies, and experimental data extensively reviewed in Roy et al., 2021; provoke the debate for elucidating carcinogenic properties of <em>M. tb</em>. Moreover, proper, timely and correct diagnosis of both diseases (which often mimic each other) will save millions of lives that are misdiagnosed. In addition, use of Anti Tubercular therapy (ATT) in misdiagnosed non-TB patients contributes to drug resistance in population thereby severely impacting TB disease control measures. Research in this arena can further aid in saving billions of dollars by preventing the superfluous use of cancer drugs. In order to achieve these goals, it is imperative to identify the underlying mechanism of <em>M. tb</em> infection acting as major risk factor for cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 5","pages":"Article 151558"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212200011X/pdfft?md5=b995fc8620dee04097add0d8dff22bac&pid=1-s2.0-S143842212200011X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of OXA-181-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Germany","authors":"Jennifer Schauer ,&nbsp;Sören G. Gatermann,&nbsp;Jessica Eisfeld,&nbsp;Jörg Hans,&nbsp;Niels Pfennigwerth","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To report the detection of the class D carbapenemase OXA-181 in an MDR clinical <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> isolate in Germany.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Carbapenemase detection was performed by using several phenotypic tests such as the modified Hodge test, a combined disc test with boronic acid, EDTA or cloxacillin, a lysate-based inhibition assays and by PCR for common and rare carbapenemase genes. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by broth microdilution. The genetic environment of <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 in the clinical <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate was characterised by Illumina and MinION sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An multidrug-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was isolated from a tracheal swab in 2019 and was sent to the German National Reference Centre for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria for carbapenemase detection. Several phenotypic tests indicated the presence of a carbapenemase which was not inhibited by EDTA nor by boronic acid. PCRs for common and rare carbapenemase genes revealed the presence of a <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 gene. WGS data confirmed that the gene was located on the chromosome as part of a Tn<em>2013</em> transposon. The genetic organisation of <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 has already been described in a <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate from England, but both isolates differed significantly in their sequence types (ST111/ST235). Analysis of the genetic environment of the <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 gene also revealed high homology to a plasmid from a <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> isolate.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>bla</em>_OXA-181 in a clinical <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolate in Germany which emphasises the ongoing spread of yet unusual carbapenemases among different Gram-negative species and therefore complicating their detection in routine laboratories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 5","pages":"Article 151557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422122000108/pdfft?md5=ece77fe4623d6788d66c9eafd6b60c25&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422122000108-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40511007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory interplay of RpoS and RssB controls motility and colonization in Vibrio cholerae","authors":"Martina Wölflingseder ,&nbsp;Sarah Tutz ,&nbsp;Vera H. Fengler ,&nbsp;Stefan Schild ,&nbsp;Joachim Reidl","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cholera is a life-threatening diarrheal disease caused by the human pathogenic bacterium <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>. Regulatory elements are essential for bacterial transition between the natural aquatic environment and the human host. One of them is the alternative sigma factor RpoS and its anti-sigma factor RssB. Regulation principles seem to be conserved among RpoS/RssB interaction modes between <em>V. cholerae</em> and Enterobacteriaceae species, however the associated input and output pathways seem different. In <em>Escherichia coli</em>, RpoS/RssB is important for the activation of an emergency program to increase persistence and survival. Whereas, it activates motility and chemotaxis in <em>V. cholerae</em>, used strategically to escape from starvation conditions. We characterised a starvation-induced interaction model showing a negative feedback loop between RpoS and RssB expression. We showed by genotypic and phenotypic analysis that <em>rssB</em> influences motility, growth behaviour, colonization fitness, and post-infectious survival. Furthermore, we found that RssB itself is a substrate for proteolysis and a critical Asp mutation was identified and characterised to influence <em>rssB</em> phenotypes and their interaction with RpoS. In summary, we present novel information about the regulatory interaction between RpoS and RssB being active under <em>in vivo</em> colonization conditions and mark an extension to the feedback regulation circuit, showing that RssB is a substrate for proteolysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"312 4","pages":"Article 151555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212200008X/pdfft?md5=53677ef4a5fa12951d3c24513a1fcad2&pid=1-s2.0-S143842212200008X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136891334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}