International Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Polyhexanide based contact lens storage fluids frequently exhibit insufficient antifungal activity against Fusarium species","authors":"Benedikt Schrenker ,&nbsp;Anna Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Thorsten Koch ,&nbsp;Grit Walther ,&nbsp;Ronny Martin ,&nbsp;Daniel Kampik ,&nbsp;Oliver Kurzai ,&nbsp;Johanna Theuersbacher","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><em>Fusarium</em> keratitis is a severe infection of the anterior eye, frequently leading to keratoplasty or surgical removal of the affected eye. A major risk factor for infection is the use of contact lenses. Inadequate hygiene precautions and mold-growth permissive storage fluids are important risk factors for fungal keratitis. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze contact lens storage fluids disinfection efficacy against <em>Fusarium</em> species.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eleven commercially available storage fluids were tested. The storage fluids were classified according to their active ingredients myristamidopropyldimethylamine (Aldox), polyhexanide and hydrogen peroxide. Efficacy was tested against isolates belonging to the <em>Fusarium solani</em> and <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> species complexes as the most common agents of mould keratitis. Tests were carried out based on DIN EN ISO 14729.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All Aldox and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) based fluids were effective against <em>Fusarium</em> spp., while the majority of polyhexanide based storage fluids showed only limited or no antifungal effects. Efficacy of polyhexanide could be restored by the addition of the pH-regulating agent tromethamine - an additive component in one commercially available product.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In summary, the use of Aldox- or hydrogen peroxide-based storage fluids may reduce the risk of <em>Fusarium</em> keratitis, while polyhexanide-based agents largely lack efficacy against <em>Fusarium</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000067/pdfft?md5=e95ff8ddac5e11989d252e6f9ed43c19&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139556160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies bind to the H protein of a historical measles virus","authors":"Anne Zemella ,&nbsp;Kerstin Beer ,&nbsp;Franziska Ramm ,&nbsp;Dana Wenzel ,&nbsp;Ariane Düx ,&nbsp;Kevin Merkel ,&nbsp;Sebastien Calvignac-Spencer ,&nbsp;Daniel Stern ,&nbsp;Martin B. Dorner ,&nbsp;Brigitte G. Dorner ,&nbsp;Navena Widulin ,&nbsp;Thomas Schnalke ,&nbsp;Cornelia Walter ,&nbsp;Anne Wolbert ,&nbsp;Bernhard G. Schmid ,&nbsp;Annette Mankertz ,&nbsp;Sabine Santibanez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Measles is a highly contagious airborne viral disease. It can lead to serious complications and death and is preventable by vaccination. The live-attenuated measles vaccine (LAMV) derived from a measles virus (MV) isolated in 1954 has been in use globally for six decades and protects effectively by providing a durable humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Our study addresses the temporal stability of epitopes on the viral surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (H) which is the major target of MV-neutralizing antibodies. We investigated the binding of seven vaccine-induced MV-H-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to cell-free synthesized MV-H proteins derived from the H gene sequences obtained from a lung specimen of a fatal case of measles pneumonia in 1912 and an isolate from a current case. The binding of four out of seven mAbs to the H protein of both MV strains provides evidence of epitopes that are stable for more than 100 years. The binding of the universally neutralizing mAbs RKI-MV-12b and RKI-MV-34c to the H protein of the 1912 MV suggests the long-term stability of highly conserved epitopes on the MV surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000110/pdfft?md5=d1c52d2bc8810734406011832b5a2715&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000110-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139518536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a next level integrated genomic surveillance: Advances in the molecular epidemiology of HIV in Germany","authors":"Kirsten Hanke ,&nbsp;Vera Rykalina ,&nbsp;Uwe Koppe ,&nbsp;Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer ,&nbsp;Dagmar Heuer ,&nbsp;Karolin Meixenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advances in the molecular epidemiological studies of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) at the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) by laboratory and bioinformatic automation should allow the processing of larger numbers of samples and more comprehensive and faster data analysis in order to provide a higher resolution of the current HIV infection situation in near real-time and a better understanding of the dynamic of the German HIV epidemic. The early detection of the emergence and transmission of new HIV variants is important for the adaption of diagnostics and treatment guidelines. Likewise, the molecular epidemiological detection and characterization of spatially limited HIV outbreaks or rapidly growing sub-epidemics is of great importance in order to interrupt the transmission pathways by regionally adapting prevention strategies. These aims are becoming even more important in the context of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic and the Ukrainian refugee movement, which both have effects on the German HIV epidemic that should be monitored to identify starting points for targeted public health measures in a timely manner. To this end, a next level integrated genomic surveillance of HIV is to be established.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000109/pdfft?md5=d2a9728e75be804dfff00f306e55b378&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000109-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139518371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A look at staphylococci from the one health perspective","authors":"Christiane Cuny ,&nbsp;Franziska Layer-Nicolaou ,&nbsp;Guido Werner ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Witte","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and other staphylococcal species are resident and transient multihost colonizers as well as conditional pathogens. Especially <em>S. aureus</em> represents an excellent model bacterium for the “One Health” concept because of its dynamics at the human-animal interface and versatility with respect to host adaptation. The development of antimicrobial resistance plays another integral part. This overview will focus on studies at the human-animal interface with respect to livestock farming and to companion animals, as well as on staphylococci in wildlife. In this context transmissions of staphylococci and of antimicrobial resistance genes between animals and humans are of particular significance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000080/pdfft?md5=fd89bba8b4fcd311a168ecca6392c7e8&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139498997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance in a routine clinical setting with nanopore sequencing","authors":"Sergio Buenestado-Serrano ,&nbsp;Marta Herranz ,&nbsp;Álvaro Otero-Sobrino ,&nbsp;Andrea Molero-Salinas ,&nbsp;Cristina Rodríguez-Grande ,&nbsp;Amadeo Sanz-Pérez ,&nbsp;María José Durán Galván ,&nbsp;Pilar Catalán ,&nbsp;Roberto Alonso ,&nbsp;Patricia Muñoz ,&nbsp;Laura Pérez-Lago ,&nbsp;Darío García de Viedma ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Gregorio Marañón Microbiology-ID COVID 19 Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>SARS-CoV-2 genomic analysis has been key to the provision of valuable data to meet both epidemiological and clinical demands. High-throughput sequencing, generally Illumina-based, has been necessary to ensure the widest coverage in global variant tracking. However, a speedier response is needed for nosocomial outbreak analyses and rapid identification of patients infected by emerging VOCs. An alternative based on nanopore sequencing may be better suited to delivering a faster response when required; however, although there are several studies offering side-by-side comparisons of Illumina and nanopore sequencing, evaluations of the usefulness in the hospital routine of the faster availability of data provided by nanopore are still lacking.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We performed a prospective 10-week nanopore-based sequencing in MinION in a routine laboratory setting, including 83 specimens where a faster response time was necessary. The specimens analyzed corresponded to i) international travellers in which lineages were assigned to determine the proper management/special isolation of the patients; ii) nosocomial infections and health-care-worker infections, where SNP-based comparisons were required to rule in/out epidemiological relationships and tailor specific interventions iii) sentinel cases and breakthrough infections to timely report to the Public Health authorities. MinION-based sequencing was compared with the standard procedures, supported on Illumina sequencing; MinION accelerated the delivery of results (anticipating results 1-12 days) and reduced costs per sample by 28€ compared to Illumina, without reducing accuracy in SNP calling.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Parallel integration of Illumina and nanopore sequencing strategies is a suitable solution to ensure both high-throughput and rapid response to cope with accelerating the surveillance demands of SARS-CoV-2 while also maintaining accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000031/pdfft?md5=6a6101dae43160df1e71508f4d9fa8e1&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000031-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139498929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Mycobacteroides abscessus colony morphology on biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Anna Maria Oschmann-Kadenbach ,&nbsp;Christoph Schaudinn ,&nbsp;Leonard Borst ,&nbsp;Carsten Schwarz ,&nbsp;Katharina Konrat ,&nbsp;Mardjan Arvand ,&nbsp;Astrid Lewin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Mycobacteroides abscessus</em> is one of the most resistant bacteria so far known and causes severe and hard to treat lung infections in predisposed patients such as those with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Further, it causes nosocomial infections by forming biofilms on medical devices or water reservoirs. An eye-catching feature of <em>M. abscessus</em> is the growth in two colony morphotypes. Depending on the presence or absence of glycopeptidolipids on the cell surface, it forms smooth or rough colonies. In this study, a porous glass bead biofilm model was used to compare biofilm formation, biofilm organization and biofilm matrix composition in addition to the antimicrobial susceptibility of <em>M. abscessus</em> biofilms versus suspensions of isogenic (smooth and rough) patient isolates. Both morphotypes reached the same cell densities in biofilms. The biofilm architecture, however, was dramatically different with evenly distributed oligo-layered biofilms in smooth isolates, compared to tightly packed, voluminous biofilm clusters in rough morphotypes. Biofilms of both morphotypes contained more total biomass of the matrix components protein, lipid plus DNA than was seen in corresponding suspensions. The biofilm mode of growth of <em>M. abscessus</em> substantially increased resistance to the antibiotics amikacin and tigecycline. Tolerance to the disinfectant peracetic acid of both morphotypes was increased when grown as biofilm, while tolerance to glutaraldehyde was significantly increased in biofilm of smooth isolates only. Overall, smooth colony morphotypes had more pronounced antimicrobial resistance benefit when growing as biofilm than <em>M. abscessus</em> showing rough colony morphotypes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000079/pdfft?md5=4f2b14833b0b75c32a52dc93586f2bae&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus circulation in Germany","authors":"Sonja Jacobsen ,&nbsp;Mirko Faber ,&nbsp;Britta Altmann ,&nbsp;Andreas Mas Marques ,&nbsp;C.-Thomas Bock ,&nbsp;Sandra Niendorf","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151600","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Human norovirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in all age groups. The virus is constantly and rapidly changing, allowing mutations and recombination events to create great diversity of circulating viruses. With the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, a wide range of public health measures were introduced worldwide to control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In Germany, control measures such as distance rules, contact restrictions, personal protection equipment as well as intensive hand hygiene were introduced. To better understand the effect of the measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic on incidence and the molecular epidemiological dynamics of norovirus outbreaks in Germany, we analyzed national notification data between July 2017 and December 2022 and characterized norovirus sequences circulating between January 2018 and December 2022. Compared to a reference period before the pandemic, the incidence of notified norovirus gastroenteritis decreased by 89.7% to 9.6 per 100,000 during the 2020/2021 norovirus season, corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.10. Samples from 539 outbreaks were genotyped in two regions of the viral genome from pre-pandemic (January 2018 to February 2020) and samples from 208 outbreaks during pandemic time period (March 2020 to December 2022). As expected, norovirus outbreaks were mainly found in child care facilities and nursing homes. In total, 36 genotypes were detected in the study period. A high proportion of recombinant strains (86%) was found in patients, the proportion of detected recombinant viruses did not vary between the pre-pandemic and pandemic phase. The proportion of the predominant recombinant strain GII.4 Sydney[P16] was unchanged before pandemic and during pandemic at 37.5%. The diversity of most common genotypes in nursing homes and child care facilities showed a different proportion of genotypes causing outbreaks. In nursing homes as well as in child care facilities GII.4 Sydney[P16] was predominant during the whole study period. Compared to the nursing homes, a greater variety of genotypes at the expense of GII.4 Sydney[P16] was detected in child care facilities. Furthermore, the overall proportion of recombinant strain GII.3[P12] increased during the pandemic, due to outbreaks in child care facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic had a high impact on the occurrence of sporadic cases and norovirus outbreaks in Germany, leading to a near suppression of the typical norovirus winter season following the start of the pandemic. The number of norovirus-associated outbreak samples sent to the Consultant Laboratory dropped by 63% during the pandemic. We could not identify a clear influence on circulating norovirus genotypes. The dominance of GII.4 Sydney recombinant strains was independent from the pandemic. Further studies are needed to follow up on the diversity of less predominant genotypes to see if the pandemic could have acted as a bottleneck to the spread o","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000043/pdfft?md5=ef4f222a8f39f8ed31e818e93cb951b4&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000043-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139498967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different populations of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in a patient with hemolytic-uremic syndrome","authors":"Yuguang Fu ,&nbsp;Marianne Wedde ,&nbsp;Sigrun Smola ,&nbsp;Djin-Ye Oh ,&nbsp;Thorsten Pfuhl ,&nbsp;Jürgen Rissland ,&nbsp;Michael Zemlin ,&nbsp;Fidelis A. Flockerzi ,&nbsp;Rainer M. Bohle ,&nbsp;Andrea Thürmer ,&nbsp;Susanne Duwe ,&nbsp;Barbara Biere ,&nbsp;Janine Reiche ,&nbsp;Brunhilde Schweiger ,&nbsp;Christin Mache ,&nbsp;Thorsten Wolff ,&nbsp;Georg Herrler ,&nbsp;Ralf Dürrwald","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Respiratory viral infections may have different impacts ranging from infection without symptoms to severe disease or even death though the reasons are not well characterized.</p><p>A patient (age group 5–15 years) displaying symptoms of hemolytic uremic syndrome died one day after hospitalization. qPCR, next generation sequencing, virus isolation, antigenic characterization, resistance analysis was performed and virus replication kinetics in well-differentiated airway cells were determined.</p><p>Autopsy revealed hemorrhagic pneumonia as major pathological manifestation. Lung samples harbored a large population of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with the polymorphism H456H/Y in PB1 polymerase. The H456H/Y viruses replicated much faster to high viral titers than upper respiratory tract viruses in vitro. H456H/Y-infected air-liquid interface cultures of differentiated airway epithelial cells did reflect a more pronounced loss of ciliated cells. A different pattern of virus quasispecies was found in the upper airway samples where substitution S263S/F (HA1) was observed.</p><p>The data support the notion that viral quasispecies had evolved locally in the lung to support high replicative fitness. This change may have initiated further pathogenic processes leading to rapid dissemination of inflammatory mediators followed by development of hemorrhagic lung lesions and fatal outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212400002X/pdfft?md5=d04ef11cbc9614149ffbf8f1929f802b&pid=1-s2.0-S143842212400002X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139423998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pasteurella multocida strains of a novel capsular serotype and lethal to Marmota himalayana on Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China","authors":"Ran Duan ,&nbsp;Dongyue Lyu ,&nbsp;Shuai Qin ,&nbsp;Junrong Liang ,&nbsp;Wenpeng Gu ,&nbsp;Qun Duan ,&nbsp;Weiwei Wu ,&nbsp;Deming Tang ,&nbsp;Haonan Han ,&nbsp;Xiaojin Zheng ,&nbsp;Jinxiao Xi ,&nbsp;Asaiti Bukai ,&nbsp;Xinmin Lu ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dan Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Xiao ,&nbsp;Huaiqi Jing ,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Pasteurella multocida</em> is a zoonotic pathogen causing serious diseases in humans and animals. Here, we report <em>P. multocida</em> from wildlife on China's Qinghai-Tibet plateau with a novel capsular serotype, forming a single branch on the core-genome phylogenetic tree: four strains isolated from dead <em>Himalayan marmot</em> (<em>Marmota himalayana</em>) and one genome assembled from metagenomic sequencing of a dead <em>Woolly hare</em> (<em>Lepus oiostolus</em>). Four of the strains were identified as subspecies <em>multocida</em> and one was s<em>eptica.</em> The mouse model showed that the challenge strain killed mice within 24 h at an infectious dose of less than 300 bacteria. The short disease course is comparable to septicemic plague: the host has died before more severe pathological changes could take place. Though pathological changes were relatively mild, cytokine storm was obvious with a significant rise of IL-12p70, IL-6, TNF-αand IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05). Our findings suggested <em>P. multocida</em> is a lethal pathogen for wildlife on Qinghai-Tibet plateau, in addition to <em>Yersinia pestis</em>. Individuals residing within the <em>M. himalayana</em> plague focus are at risk for <em>P. multocida</em> infection, and public health warnings are necessitated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438422124000018/pdfft?md5=11ba855c3d0f597e997285f8aaa53692&pid=1-s2.0-S1438422124000018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology of nosocomial infections in intensive care patients in German hospitals: An analysis of trends between 2008 and 2022","authors":"Petra Gastmeier ,&nbsp;Axel Kola ,&nbsp;Frank Schwab ,&nbsp;Michael Behnke ,&nbsp;Christine Geffers","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Data from the intensive care component of the German hospital infection surveillance system (KISS) was used to investigate the epidemiology of pathogens responsible for the most frequent device-associated infections and their development over time.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The 10 most common pathogens were identified for ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VALRTI), catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), and central venous catheter associated bloodstream infections (CVC-BSI). The development over time was analyzed based on three five-year time periods: 2008–2012, 2013–2017, 2018–2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data from 1425 ICUs were included together with 121,762 device-associated infections with 138,299 isolated pathogens. A remarkable and significant increase in the frequency of <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. was found for VALRTI, that was almost twice as high during 2018–2022 compared to 2008–2012. For CAUTI, there was a significant increase of all <em>Enterobacterales</em> with the most prominent increase in <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. With regard to CVC-BSI, the situation for coagulase-negative staphylococci and <em>E. coli</em> was relatively stable; while there was a significant increase in <em>Enterococcus</em> spp. and <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. and a decrease in <em>S. aureus</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Knowledge about the current frequency of pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections in intensive care units is important for guiding empirical antimicrobial therapy. Data from national nosocomial infection surveillance systems can provide relevant information about the development of pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50312,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 151594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143842212300022X/pdfft?md5=accf79020d5106643819042e0ba928f6&pid=1-s2.0-S143842212300022X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139030093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}