International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Adjuvant and mainstream treatments for depression, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and cognitive impairment.","authors":"Harold G Koenig","doi":"10.1177/00912174241274420","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241274420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"507-510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on long-term mental health outcomes in eight face transplant recipients from a single center.","authors":"Lioba Huelsboemer, Viola A Stögner, Helia Hosseini, Sacha Hauc, Sam Boroumand, Neil Parikh, Alexa Blood, Vikram Mookerjee, Martin Kauke-Navarro, Marie-Christine Nizzi, Bohdan Pomahac","doi":"10.1177/00912174231225764","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231225764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Face transplantation is a groundbreaking and complex surgical intervention offering profound physical and psychological benefits to patients with severe facial disfigurements. This report provides an update on the long-term psychosocial outcome of eight face transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>All transplant recipients were initially transplanted at Brigham and Women´s Hospital (Boston, USA) between 2011 and 2020 and seen as outpatient patients at Yale New Haven Hospital (New Haven, USA). A mixed-methods approach was used to assess the psychological and social well-being of these patients. The Short-Form 12, Brief-COPE, EQ-VAS and CES-D were administered between October 2022 and October 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older age of face transplant recipients was significantly and positively associated with better mental health and increased use of both emotional and instrumental support (Brief-COPE). The initial enhancement in patients' self-reported quality of life, as assessed by the EQVAS, declined on the EQ-VAS score at the last follow-up. Similarly, an increase in depression score was observed (CES-D score) up through the last follow-up assessment. Both of the latter results, however, did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results underscore the importance of ongoing psychological support throughout the long-term journey of recovery for face transplant recipients. These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive, patient-centered approach that also addresses the complex psychological dimensions and contributes to our understanding of the mental health dynamics involved in face transplantation, stressing the need for guidelines and continued research in this evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"583-594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case and intervention for older adult sexual mistreatment.","authors":"Renee J Flores, Cristina Murdock, John Halphen, Carlos Reyes-Ortiz, Jason Burnett","doi":"10.1177/00912174241276597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174241276597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The sexual mistreatment of older adults is a significant public health issue; like other forms of sexual violence, it is more prevalent than officially reported. Survivors often hesitate to speak out due to feelings of embarrassment, fear, or potential cognitive impairments. Moreover, the concealment of such mistreatment, coupled with societal stigmas surrounding aging and sexuality, creates challenges in recognizing sexual mistreatment during routine or emergency room visits.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper provides a framework for informing physicians, psychiatrists, and other healthcare providers on best practices screening, detection, and management of sexual mistreatment in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review of older adult sexual mistreatment articles between 2005-2024 was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medical professionals and psychiatrists are well-positioned to raise awareness and identify sexual mistreatment in older adults and manage such situations when suspected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Assessing suspected sexual mistreatment can improve detection, responsiveness, and patient safety for older adults through an interprofessional approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174241276597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on tinnitus.","authors":"Fatih Bal","doi":"10.1177/00912174241272674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174241272674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aims to examine the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on tinnitus in individuals aged 18-60 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty participants with subjective tinnitus for at least six months were included a randomized controlled trial was conducted with 15 participants in the experimental group and 15 in the control group, with pre-test and post-test measurements. The experimental group received eight CBT sessions for eight weeks. Data were collected using Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used to compare scores between experimental and control groups before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A within-group difference was found between total scores on THI and VAS before and after CBT in the experimental (z = -3.241, <i>P</i> = 0.001), but not in the control group (z = -1.764, <i>P</i> = 0.078). Following the intervention, there was a significant between-group difference on the THI Emotional, Catastrophic, and Functional tinnitus subscale scores, favoring the experimental group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CBT significantly reduced tinnitus level, severity, duration, frequency, discomfort, tinnitus-related attention deficit, and sleep problems. Further studies are needed to replicate these results in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174241272674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglect of older adults living with dementia in family caregiving: A dimensional concept analysis.","authors":"Jessica A Hernandez Chilatra, Patricia A Patrician, Pariya L Fazeli, Carolyn Ez Pickering","doi":"10.1177/00912174241272615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174241272615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present a concept analysis of neglect, specifically examining its occurrence and implications in the context of family caregiving for older adults living with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase databases in February 2023. Inclusion criteria targeted articles focusing on neglect in dementia family caregiving, leading to the identification of 11 articles for thorough review. Employing Caron and Bowers' dimensional analysis approach, the concept analysis aimed to elucidate neglect as a social construct shaped by diverse contexts, perspectives, and underlying assumptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neglect in this context emerged as a multidimensional phenomenon, influenced by contextual elements such as activities of daily living and behavioral symptoms of dementia. It encompasses dimensions including \"expectations of unmet needs\", \"maladaptive behaviors\", and \"feelings of guilt\", considering the perspectives of both caregivers and individuals living with dementia. Recognizing neglect as a dyadic phenomenon emphasizes the significance of interactions between caregivers and individuals living with dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comprehensive understanding of neglect in dementia family caregiving is crucial for effective interventions and support systems. The dyadic perspective is vital for accurate assessment. Primary care physicians, mental health, nurses, and other health professionals play a key role in prevention and supporting family caregivers. Further research is needed to explore the dynamics of dementia caregiving settings strengthening prevention strategies against elder neglect.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174241272615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between peripheral immune cell markers and cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Aykut Karahan, Işılay Manzak Saka, Demet Sağlam Aykut, Filiz Civil Arslan, Ezgi Selçuk Özmen, Evrim Özkorumak Karagüzel","doi":"10.1177/00912174241266059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174241266059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral immune cell markers and cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five patients diagnosed with schizophrenia with a stable course and a control group of 35 individuals matched in terms of sex, education, and age were included in this cross-sectional study. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and the Stroop Test were used for neuropsychological evaluation. Blood neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) values were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The female patients exhibited significantly higher NLR and neutrophil percentages than the female controls and higher NLR, neutrophil percentage, and SII than the male patients. The increased neutrophil percentages and NLR and decreased lymphocyte percentages in the female patients were significantly correlated with worsening Stroop interference and RAVLT 1 scores. Additionally, a longer duration of illness was significantly correlated with elevated NLR, SII, and neutrophil percentage and a decreased lymphocyte percentage. A higher number of previous hospitalizations was correlated with elevated SII and decreased lymphocyte percentages. Regression analysis showed a significant association between neutrophil percentages and Stroop interference scores used to evaluate attentional functions in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These study results suggest that gender and the course of the illness may affect NLR and SII values. An elevated neutrophil percentage may be one of the factors affecting attentional dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia. Prospective studies are now needed to verify these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174241266059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding compassion when compassion fatigued.","authors":"Carlie Nikel, Limor Gildenblatt","doi":"10.1177/00912174231215923","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231215923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The unrelenting turmoil of the COVID-19 pandemic has been especially hard on those in the healthcare field. This chronic stress has resulted in depleted compassion towards patients served and colleagues. Researchers have suggested that empathy is a finite resource that must be replenished. For physicians in residency training and those in practice, where finding meaning and purpose in their work is already a challenge, the spark for medicine and helping others may easily become extinguished.This article explores interventions implemented in two family medicine residency programs to address concerns about burnout and compassion fatigue exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.<b>Methods:</b> A qualitative research approach is employed here through case studies of two family medicine programs, along with a description of several interventions intended to mitigate burnout and compassion fatigue during the pandemic.Participants were 36 family medicine residents from \"residency #1\" and 36 family medicine residents from \"residency #2.\"<b>Results:</b> The authors describe several interventions used in the two residency programs to reduce issues of compassion fatigue. These include meditation, gratitude practice, guided group support, and a focus on clinicians' physical health.Feedback from residents and program leaders suggest that these interventions were useful tools to help physicians navigate their new normal as they began to practice during a pandemic, thereby reducing burnout and challenges with compassion fatigue. A strategic plan is outlined to help other programs implement some of these strategies.<b>Conclusions:</b> It is imperative that training programs continue to implement interventions that emphasize resident and post-residency wellness to reduce compassion fatigue in order to navigate the new stressors that came with the COVID-19 pandemic and those that will come with pandemics in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"447-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout, moral injury, and suicidal/self-harm ideation among healthcare professionals in Mainland China: Insights from an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Guangtian Liu, Yan Tong, Jinghong Li, Xiaoya Sun, Linlin Chen, Xiwei Zheng, Xinhui Zhang, Jufen Lv, Jinyan Wang, Bingfen Wei, Jianhua Wei, Ruixia Cheng, Zhizhong Wang","doi":"10.1177/00912174231219041","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231219041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This survey explored the relationships between burnout, moral injury, and suicidal/self-harm ideation among Chinese health professionals in mainland China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Health professionals were surveyed online using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Health Professional version.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6,146 health professionals participated in the study. The average age of participants was 34.9 ± 8.5 years, and suicidal/self-harm ideation was present in 2,338 participants (38.0%). The prevalence of suicidal/self-harm ideation was more common among those with severe burnout (vs. mild burnout), particularly in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal accomplishment. The prevalence of suicidal/self-harm ideation among those with significant moral injury symptoms was higher than in those without moral injury. Unconditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that those with moderate or severe emotional exhaustion, moderate or severe reduced sense of professional accomplishment, and moderate or severe depersonalization were at increased risk of suicidal/self-harm ideation.Structural equation modelling demonstrated that burnout significantly mediated the relationship between moral injury and suicidal/self-harm ideation. The proportion of mediation (PM) by burnout was 43.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that burnout and moral injury were significant predictors of suicidal/self-harm ideation among health professionals in China. Both moral injury and burnout had positive and direct effects on suicidal/self-harm ideation, and burnout mediated the relationship between moral injury and suicidal/self-harm ideation. Interventions to address moral injury and subsequent burnout in Chinese healthcare workers may enhance the mental health of these healthcare professionals and increase the quality of care that they provide.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"487-502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric anxiety disorders: Basic concepts for primary care.","authors":"Christopher M Haymaker, Stephanie Ellwood","doi":"10.1177/00912174231220239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231220239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents often present in primary care, and many clinicians will need to guide families on treatment. The purpose of this article is to give a brief overview of assessment and treatment principles for clinicians in primary care. Anxiety and its expression are heavily influenced by children's developmental progression and capabilities. Anxiety disorders have multiple underlying etiologies including temperament, environmental exposure to stressors, and childhood trauma. All anxiety disorders are strengthened by an operant process known as escape conditioning. The most effective treatments for child and adolescent anxiety begin with behavioral-based interventions including exposure with response prevention (ERP) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Medication can be effective in combination with CBT and ERP, or as a standalone treatment when behavioral interventions are not available. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors have been evaluated by randomized clinical trials for the treatment of childhood anxiety, but most are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration. When anxiety is severe and functional impairment is high, referral for psychiatric care and multimodal treatment reduces the likelihood of poor outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"439-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) implementation in urban underserved family medicine practices.","authors":"Hannah Bednar, Katherine Bergs, Mirsada Serdarevic","doi":"10.1177/00912174231215914","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231215914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based practice that provides early integrated intervention and treatment to patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and/or Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Three Primary Care Medical Homes (PCMHs) in North Texas were selected as pilot sites for a SAMHSA grant designed to integrate SBIRT into existing services. The goal of this program is to support the stabilization and community reintegration of individuals who present with SUD by providing them with a continuum of care from screening, to brief intervention, to brief treatment, to referral for more advanced services. Specific aims of the grant included: provide SBIRT services to eligible participants, decrease substance and alcohol use at 6-month follow-up, improve patient physical and behavioral health measured at 6 months, and decrease in emergency department visits and costs for program participants. This brief report examines project design, outlines the implementation strategies, and provides preliminary results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"432-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}