International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association between major depressive disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis.","authors":"Farzaneh Rafie Sedaghat, Pardis Ghotaslou, Reza Ghotaslou","doi":"10.1177/00912174241266646","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241266646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects 300 million people globally. Because dysbiosis may alter the central nervous system, it plays a potential role in this disorder. Dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in microbial diversity and an increase in proinflammatory species. The human gut microbiota refers to the trillions of microbes, such as bacteria, that live in the human gut. The purpose of this study was to compare the gut microbiota of patients with MDD with that of healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study involved 35 MDD cases and 35 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Stool samples were collected and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR. Four intestinal bacterial phyla (firmicutes, bacteroidetes, actinobacteria, and proteobacteria) were investigated by 16SrRNA analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated a relative abundance of bacteroidetes to firmicutes in the control and case groups was 0.66 vs. 1.33, respectively (<i>p</i> < .05). There were no significant differences in actinobacteria or proteobacteria among those in the MDD group compared to the healthy control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the onset of depression, underscoring the importance of understanding the relationship between MDD and gut microbiota. Firmicutes, which produce short-chain fatty acids, are crucial for intestinal health. However, dysbiosis can disrupt the gut microbiota, impacting the central nervous system and contributing to the onset of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"702-710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building resilience: A specialty clinic tailored to older adults at risk for violence and abuse.","authors":"Melba A Hernandez-Tejada, Deborah M Little, Madeline J Bruce, Sarly Butte, Jason Burnett, Leila Wood, Ron Acierno","doi":"10.1177/00912174241272591","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241272591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both structural (e.g., ageism) and personal (e.g., stigma) barriers hinder older adults' access to and engagement with mental health care. These barriers are particularly problematic for those vulnerable to interpersonal violence and abuse (e.g., due to social isolation). This study presents a quality improvement program aimed at older adults who have experienced significant stressful events, particularly elder mistreatment, within a larger trauma specialty clinic. Leveraging home-based telemedicine, the clinic provides evidence-based psychotherapy tailored to the needs of older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2021 through 2023, the authors retrospectively examined treatment initiation, engagement, completion, and clinical outcomes among 231 older adults age 60+ who reported trauma that met DSM-5 criterion A criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, or other mental health comorbid conditions related to their traumatic event. The clinic uses an automated measurement-based care approach that facilitates Quality Improvement projects, allowing the tracking of treatment initiation, engagement, completion, and clinical outcomes for all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated high treatment completion, high engagement with telemedicine-delivered interventions, and, most importantly, significant changes in clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of expanding telemedicine-based mental health services for older adults, challenging ageist norms, and prioritizing older adults' mental health needs by providing tailored services to this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"620-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and its associated factors: A comparison between congenital and acquired physical disabilities.","authors":"Agnus M Kim, Jae-Hyun Park","doi":"10.1177/00912174231219037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231219037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While depression associated with disability has been extensively studied, how depression could differ depending on whether the disability is congenital or acquired remains to be investigated. The objective of this study was to compare depression and related factors among people with congenital and acquired physical disabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the 2016 Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled in Korea, a population-based survey for people with disability registered with the Korean government. Among 4577 participants, a total of 2128 participants with physical disability were analyzed using chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of depression was 12.9% in those with congenital physical disability and 16.0% in those with acquired physical disability. Stress due to disability and family relationship satisfaction were associated with higher and lower odds of depression, respectively, in both disability groups. Discrimination due to disability, divorce, social participation, and subjective social status were significant predictors of depression only in people with acquired disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to those with congenital disability, individuals with acquired disability can be more susceptible to issues relating to social relationships, social standing and discrimination. Findings of this study suggest that acquired disability and adapting to changes associated with it can be a source of mental distress in addition to living with it. Efforts are needed to address discrimination, provide supportive social relationships, and provide supportive living conditions in order to reduce depression in persons living with disability, especially those with acquired disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"655-669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elder abuse and neglect, novel factors affecting depression risk, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-induced anxiety, and provider flourishing in pediatric palliative care.","authors":"Harold G Koenig","doi":"10.1177/00912174241284120","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241284120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"615-619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety symptoms and risk factors in patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Qing Chen, Yong Chen, Yi Huang, Qinglin Yang, De-Ying He, Bang-Jiang Fang, Yi Ren, Jun Liu","doi":"10.1177/00912174241264671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241264671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been shown to include anxiety. However, the association between demographic and physiological factors in COVID-19-associated anxiety symptoms is poorly understood. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was conducted to examine anxiety symptoms and associated factors among patients with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant during the quarantine period in Shanghai.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted between April 16, 2022, and May 21, 2022, at Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Shanghai, China. Data were collected using an anonymous online questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms, vaccine dose, comorbidities (such as hypertension and diabetes), type of work, and mental health symptoms were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and risk factors. Stratified analyses were performed to investigate potential interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2132 patients with confirmed Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. The results demonstrated that female gender (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.11-1.94), nonmanual labor (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.25-2.09), respiratory symptoms (OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 2.30-4.43), and having other comorbidities (OR = 1.65, 95% = 1.09-2.50) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. A significant interaction was found between gender and (a) nonmanual labor (OR = 1.54, 95% = 1.29-1.85), (b) respiratory symptoms (OR = 2.06, 95% = 1.72- 2.48), and (c) comorbidities (OR = 1.57, 95% = 1.16-2.12), such that the relationship with anxiety symptoms was stronger in women compared to men. There were also significant interactions between age group and (a) nonmanual labor (stronger in those ages >46) and (b) respiratory symptoms (stronger in those ages 36-45) regarding the association with anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alleviation of respiratory symptoms, addressing comorbidities, and implementation of both psychological and psychopharmacological treatments may help reduce anxiety symptoms following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in mainland China.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"711-726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and safety of adding celecoxib to escitalopram for improving symptoms of major depressive disorder.","authors":"Mohammad Nadi Sakhvidi, Zanireh Salami, Maryam Mosadegh, Reza Bidaki, Hossien Fallahzadeh, Razie Salehabadi, Malihe Arjmandi","doi":"10.1177/00912174231210567","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231210567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is growing evidence that adding non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to some psychopharmacological treatments may help to improve symptoms in patients suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined the therapeutic efficacy of adding celecoxib to escitalopram and the safety of doing so.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with major depressive disorder were randomly assigned to either treatment with escitalopram plus celecoxib (intervention group) or escitalopram and placebo. All patients were evaluated blind to treatment group with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) before the intervention as well at 4 and 8 weeks after initiating treatment. Chi-square and paired t-test were used to examine between-group differences at those assessment times.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in depressive symptoms between intervention and placebo groups at baseline. However, at 4 and 8 weeks after the beginning of treatment, there were significant between-group differences in HDRS scores, favoring the intervention group. No between-group differences were found in treatment-related side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding celecoxib to escitalopram may improve symptoms of depression in patients with major depressive disorder without increasing the risk of drug-related side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"511-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ketamine with buprenorphine as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of comorbid major depressive disorder and opium use disorders: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jamshid Ahmadi, Arash Mansoori, Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat, Amir Bazrafshan","doi":"10.1177/00912174231225087","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231225087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and opium use disorder (OUD) are known to increase the risk of suicide. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy with either ketamine or buprenorphine in patients with comorbid MDD and OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a randomized double-blind controlled trial in adults admitted to a hospital in Iran. Sixty-six participants were enrolled and received either ketamine or buprenorphine, along with current antidepressant therapy. The primary outcome was change in depressive symptoms assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) after 2 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days following initiation of treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in suicidal ideation, evaluated by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups experienced a significant decrease in the severity of depression following the interventions (<i>p</i> < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the between-group comparison (<i>p</i> > .05). Both groups also exhibited a significant reduction in suicidal ideation compared to before the study, with the decrease in severity being over 85% in both groups (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both ketamine and buprenorphine appear to be equally effective in reducing symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation among individuals with MDD and OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"521-535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138886503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation plus donepezil vs donepezil alone for mild to moderate cognitive impairment due to small vessel cerebrovascular disease.","authors":"Bijiang Shou, Xuan Chen, Yuli Hou","doi":"10.1177/00912174241227513","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241227513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Small vessel cerebrovascular disease (SVCVD) accounts for 35% to 67% of vascular dementias, and may be overlooked by healthcare providers due to its insidious onset. SVCVD involves chronic cerebral ischemia and hypoperfusion, endothelial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, and interstitial fluid reflux. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with donepezil hydrochloride compared to donepezil alone in the treatment of mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment in patients with SVCVD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cohort of 115 individuals with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment due to SVCVD was purposefully selected and randomized into two groups: a test group and a control group. The test group received a combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and oral donepezil hydrochloride (10 mg/day), while the control group received oral donepezil alone (10 mg/day). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were evaluated in both groups prior to and following the interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following 6 weeks of treatment, both groups demonstrated enhancement in cognitive function. However, a statistically significant difference was observed between the test group and the control group (<i>p</i> < .05 on both the MMSE and the MOCA), favoring the test group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to donepezil alone, the combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and donepezil has a significantly greater effect on enhancing cognitive function among individuals experiencing mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment resulting from SVCVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"556-568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agomelatine efficacy in treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Azadeh Nejati, Amir Bazrafshan, Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat","doi":"10.1177/00912174231225763","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231225763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent and burdensome mental health condition, often resistant to conventional treatments. Agomelatine (Valdoxan), a compound acting on serotonin and melatonin systems, has shown promise in treating those with treatment-resistant OCD based on anecdotal reports and case studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind controlled trial was conducted with 60 patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant OCD. Participants were randomized into an intervention group (receiving agomelatine 50 mg/day) and a control group (receiving placebo). OCD symptoms were assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) over a 12-week period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in age, gender, or baseline Y-BOCS scores between intervention and control groups. Agomelatine did not demonstrate a significant improvement in OCD symptoms compared to placebo. Adverse events were comparable between groups, and liver enzyme levels remained within the normal range.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study, while not confirming superior efficacy compared to placebo, underscores the need for continued investigation into agomelatine's potential for treating specific subgroups of OCD patients, underscoring the need for more comprehensive and well-controlled trials in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139075751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of social support and religiosity/spirituality on recovery from acute cardiac events and heart surgery in Switzerland.","authors":"Micha Eglin, Jean-Paul Schmid, Joram Ronel, Ramin Khatami, Christoph Leiggener, Harold G Koenig, René Hefti","doi":"10.1177/00912174231225801","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231225801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of social support and religiosity/spirituality (R/S) on the recovery from an acute cardiac event or cardiac surgery during cardiac rehabilitation (CR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, a convenience sample of 159 patients participating in a CR program were enrolled. Religiosity/spirituality, social support, anxiety, depression, health related quality of life (QoL), and exercise capacity (6-min walk test, cycle ergometer test) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Social support was significantly associated with less anxiety (<i>p</i> < .01), less depression (<i>p</i> < .01), and better QoL (<i>p</i> < .05) on admission. After adjustment for age, gender, education level, and morbidity, social support remained significantly associated with less depression (<i>p</i> < .001). Religiosity/spirituality was significantly associated with less depression (<i>p</i> < .05), better QoL (<i>p</i> < .05), and better exercise capacity (<i>p</i> < .05) at admission. After adjustment for covariates, however, significance was lost. There were no significant impact of either social support or R/S on the course of CR measured by change in QoL or exercise capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social support may be a protective factor against depression in the recovery from cardiac events or surgery. Neither social support nor R/S had a significant impact on the course of the 3-week CR program.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"595-609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139059033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}