International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of postoperative delirium in geriatric patients given acetaminophen with and without melatonin: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Maria N Muehrcke, Russell S Blackwelder, Erin R Weeda, Leah A Furlough, Jessi E Shelton, Samantha M Brace, Scott W Bragg","doi":"10.1177/00912174241276596","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241276596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePostoperative delirium has many consequences and must be prevented when possible. Non-opioid pain treatments may help to prevent, and melatonin has also been shown to prevent delirium in non-surgical populations. The incidence of postoperative delirium was retrospectively compared in patients prescribed acetaminophen with and without melatonin following orthopedic surgery.MethodsRetrospective data were analyzed in adults ≥ 65-years-old hospitalized in one health system following an orthopedic procedure. Patients receiving at least acetaminophen 1000 mg/day with and without melatonin 1 mg/day for at least 48 hours perioperatively were included. To reduce confounders, patients were excluded if they had prior delirium, an intensive care unit placement >24 hours, or other risk factors for developing delirium. The primary outcome was a positive CAM-ICU score indicating delirium. Key secondary endpoints included hospital length of stay and 30-day hospital readmission.ResultsTwo hundred patients were assessed, and 134 patients were included in the analysis (i.e., 66 receiving acetaminophen plus melatonin vs. 68 receiving acetaminophen alone). The rate of delirium was significantly lower in those receiving the combination vs. acetaminophen alone (5% vs. 25%, <i>P</i> = 0.001). There were no differences in 30-day readmission. Patients taking the combination had a longer length of stay than those taking acetaminophen alone (5 days vs. 4 days, <i>P</i> = 0.04).ConclusionGeriatric patients taking acetaminophen plus melatonin after orthopedic surgery had a significantly lower risk of delirium compared to patients receiving acetaminophen alone. Using a combination melatonin and acetaminophen before orthopedic surgery is a promising strategy for preventing delirium and should be considered in future prospective trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"254-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplements and burnout in anesthesiologists: A national cross-sectional study from China.","authors":"Fu Zhang, Tianying Tang, Jian Liu, Wei Wang, Yifan Wang, Yangtian Yan, Jiaming Liu, Huamin Liu","doi":"10.1177/00912174241262120","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241262120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveJob burnout among anesthesiologists has been consistently high. This study evaluated the association of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with burnout among Chinese anesthesiologists.MethodA cross-sectional online survey was conducted during April and May 2023. Burnout was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Data on calcium and vitamin D supplementations were self-reported. Sociodemographic information and medical history were also assessed. Binary and ordinal logistic regression were used to evaluate the risk of burnout and burnout levels, respectively. The excess risk and the attributable proportion due to interaction were examined to determine the synergistic effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementations on burnout risk.ResultsAmong the 4222 invited anesthesiologists, 3766 submitted eligible questionnaires (89% response rate). Just under half (49.8%) met the criteria for general burnout. Among anesthesiologists with burnout, 58.4% experienced emotional exhaustion, 35.8% depersonalization, and 61.2% low personal accomplishment. Anesthesiologists receiving calcium supplementation had a decreased risk of emotional exhaustion (OR = .83, 95% CI = .70-.99). Supplementation of vitamin D with or without calcium was not associated with overall burnout or any of its dimensions. No additive interaction of calcium and vitamin D on burnout was observed.ConclusionsJob burnout among anesthesiologists is of concern in China. Burnout is negatively associated with calcium supplementation but not with vitamin D. Further research is warranted to confirm the mechanism and causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"296-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized controlled trial of Bushen Yinao pill combined with conventional therapy on intestinal flora and cognitive function in older patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Wei Wang, Ji Zhang, Cangda Li","doi":"10.1177/00912174241290962","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241290962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effects of the Bushen Yinao pill, combined with standard therapy, on gut flora, inflammatory markers, and cognitive function in older patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA total of 136 AD patients treated at the department of neurology at a hospital in China from August 2022 to September 2023 were randomly assigned to two groups: 68 patients received standard treatment (control group, CTG), and 68 patients received the Bushen Yinao pill plus standard treatment (intervention group, ITG). Outcomes included Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, gut microbiota composition, inflammatory markers, cognitive function, overall efficacy, and safety.ResultsAfter treatment, the intervention group (ITG) showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores compared to the control group (CTG) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The ITG also showed significant increases in beneficial bacterial flora in the gut and decreases in harmful bacteria compared to the CTG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Inflammatory markers (Aβ, IL-6, TNF-α) were reduced, and cognitive function improved significantly more in the ITG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).ConclusionThe Bushen Yinao pill, when combined with standard therapy, may help to regulate gut microbiota, reduce inflammatory markers, and enhance cognitive function in AD patients, while also showing a favorable safety profile. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"280-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of physical activity on life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults in China: A longitudinal national study.","authors":"Yiting Kang","doi":"10.1177/00912174241291716","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241291716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study examined the impact of physical activity on life satisfaction in middle-aged and older adults in China. Utilizing longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2015 and 2018, a total of 6484 participants aged 45 or older were included in the analysis.MethodsData were collected on sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle variables, physical activity, and life satisfaction. Physical activity was categorized into 3 levels: low (71%), moderate (25%), and high (4%). Ordinal logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to examine the effect of baseline physical activity on life satisfaction, including the examination of interaction effects.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, gender, education, marriage, residence, smoking, alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health at baseline (2015), compared to the moderate-intensity physical exercise group, those in the low-intensity group experienced significantly lower levels of life satisfaction on follow-up (2018). In the subgroup analyses, a significant negative effect of low-intensity physical activity on life satisfaction was found in all groups regardless of age, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol use, sleep duration, weight, presence of chronic diseases, or self-rated health.ConclusionThese results support the promotion of physical exercise to enhance life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"235-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Jewish religious observance and mental health among Israeli adults: Findings from the Global Flourishing Study.","authors":"Jeff Levin, Matt Bradshaw, Byron R Johnson","doi":"10.1177/00912174241296230","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241296230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study investigated the association between Jewish religious observance and several indicators of mental health and psychological well-being among Jewish Israeli adults.MethodData are from adult (18+) Jewish respondents in Israel (N = 2958) participating in the 1st wave of the Global Flourishing Study (GFS), a 22-nation population-based survey that will eventually involve five annual waves of panel data. The GFS Israeli data were collected via a randomized, stratified, probability-based sampling design, and contained dozens of indicators of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, political, religious, health-related, and other constructs.ResultsMeasures of Jewish religious observance, including religious service attendance, prayer, scripture reading, belief in God, and importance of Judaism, were statistically significant predictors of several single-item indicators of mental health (overall mental health, depression, anxiety) and psychological well-being (suffering, happiness, life satisfaction). Greater religious observance is associated with a higher self-rating of overall mental health, less depression and anxiety, less suffering, and greater happiness and life satisfaction. Nearly all results withstood adjusting for effects of several sociodemographic covariates.ConclusionThese results offer confirmation of prior studies using smaller samples or non-population-based designs and with fewer mental health and religious indicators. These findings suggest that evidence for a positive association between religious observance and mental health or psychological well-being among Israeli Jewish adults is consistent with those in the literature for adherents to other faith traditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"338-355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary omega-3 intake and cognitive function in older adults.","authors":"Bingdian Wang, Deqin Li, Cuicui Peng, Jingfang Hong, Yonggui Wu","doi":"10.1177/00912174241284925","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241284925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveDietary habits have long been known to be a critical factor influencing cognitive health, especially among older adults. Despite extensive research on various dietary supplements, the impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on cognitive function has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This research seeks to determine whether taking more omega-3 PUFAs correlates with improved cognitive function in older adults.MethodsCross-sectional data were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included 2430 elderly participants aged 60 and above in the United States. The association between omega-3 consumption and cognitive outcomes was evaluated using linear regression models. Smoothing curves and threshold effect analysis were employed to examine nonlinear associations. Subgroup studies were conducted to demonstrate the strength and reliability of the association and factors affecting it.ResultsThe fully adjusted model demonstrated significant positive correlations between omega-3 intake and scores on all 3 cognitive assessments. Specifically, in the final model, the beta coefficients for the CERAD Word Learning test, Animal Fluency Test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.33-0.72, <i>P</i> < 0.0001), 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12-0.47, <i>P</i> = 0.001), and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.19-1.03, <i>P</i> = 0.0045), respectively.ConclusionIncreased intake of omega-3 was positively and independently associated with cognitive function in older adults, suggesting that consumption of omega-3 PUFAs may help to prevent cognitive decline with aging. Prospective studies are needed to determine the direct of effect in this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"265-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thriving among Pakistani physicians: A qualitative study.","authors":"Malik Muhammad Sohail, Kinza Nawaz, Benjamin Doolittle","doi":"10.1177/00912174241272545","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241272545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveBurnout among physicians negatively impacts the quality of patient care and provider's mental health. While many studies have evaluated burnout, factors associated with physician thriving are not well-defined. This study involved a qualitative exploration of thriving and career satisfaction among physicians in Pakistan.MethodsA snowball sampling technique was used to recruit participants who completed a measure of job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and burnout between December 2022 and February 2023. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted to explore factors associated with burnout and thriving. Participants were physicians working in public and private hospitals in North Punjab.ResultsTwenty-four physicians were interviewed. Six themes emerged that might help to explain factors involved in thriving: patients' affirmation, serving humanity, social support, spiritual connection, occupational prestige, and activities outside of work. Two themes were identified as challenges to thriving: excessive workload and lack of resources.ConclusionImproving the well-being of primary care practitioners requires a multimodal approach, which includes cultivating intrinsic virtues, such as resilience and spiritual resources, as well as improving social support and the workplace environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"313-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the mental and cognitive health of older adults, the well-being of physicians, and the mental health of Jewish Israelis.","authors":"Harold G Koenig","doi":"10.1177/00912174251321156","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174251321156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"231-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of problematic pornography use among undergraduate medical students in Egypt.","authors":"Eman Fouad Mohamed, Amany Elshabrawy Mohamed, Amira Mohamed Youssef, Mohammad Gamal Sehlo, Eman Seif Alnasr Soliman, Abdallah Saad Ibrahim","doi":"10.1177/00912174251329440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251329440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePornography use can become an addiction when a person loses control in watching sexual materials, such as sex graphic images and movies, and is unable to stop doing so despite the negative consequences. Pornography addiction is a disorder that can impair mental health, behavior, and performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of problematic pornography use among medical students in Egypt.MethodsThis study cross-sectional study included 614 undergraduate medical students who were selected from each of the 6 academic years of those studying to become physicians at a faculty of medicine in Egypt. The short version of the problematic pornography consumption scale (PPCS-6) was used to determine problem pornography use. Sociodemographic information and academic performance data were collected, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was administered to assess depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms.ResultsNearly one-quarter (23.3%) of students had problematic pornography use. Problematic pornography use was associated with older age and with male sex. Students with problematic pornography reported fewer hours studying and had lower test scores in the previous year than those without problematic pornography use. Medical students with problematic pornography had significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms compared to those without.ConclusionsProblematic pornography use is a common problem among medical students at a university in Egypt, is present in nearly one-quarter of students, and is significantly associated with older age, male sex, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, as well as poorer academic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251329440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-prescription of opioids, sedative-hypnotics, and other psychotropic medications among physicians in South Korea.","authors":"Agnus M Kim, Min Kyoung Han, Younsuk Choi","doi":"10.1177/00912174251327927","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174251327927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveLittle is known about the actual practice of self-prescription among physicians, especially with regard to potentially habit-forming drugs. This study was conducted to provide a description of self-prescription of opioids, sedative-hypnotics, and other psychotropic medications among all physicians in South Korea.MethodsThe self-prescription data on physicians from 2020 to 2023 were obtained from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The prevalence of self-prescription and the average number of pills of self-prescribed potentially habit-forming drugs were presented in comparison with the prescription of these drugs among the general population.ResultsThe total number of practicing physicians in Korea ranged from 110,492 in 2020 to 118,951 in 2023. About seven percent of practicing physicians self-prescribed opioids, sedative-hypnotics, or other potentially habit-forming drugs, which was less than one fifth the proportion of prescription of these types of drugs among the general population. Zolpidem was the most commonly self-prescribed medication, with other sedatives, anxiolytics, and appetite suppressants also being frequently self-prescribed. Although the prevalence of self-prescription among physicians was lower than the prevalence of similar prescriptions in the general population, the number of pills of these medications per physician who self-prescribed was higher than that prescribed in the general population.ConclusionsDespite lower prevalence of self-prescription of opioids, sedative-hypnotics, and other potentially habit-forming drugs compared to prescriptions of these medications given out to the general population, the higher number of units of these self-prescribed drugs compared to prescriptions among the general population suggests that self-prescribing could be associated with utilization of more potentially habit-forming drugs than necessary, at least for some physicians. If these results are confirmed, closer monitoring of such self-prescribing habits among physicians in South Korea may be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251327927"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}