International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder in Türkiye: A one-year follow-up study.","authors":"Rukiye Tekdemir, Fatih Ekici, Hasan Ali Güler, Muhammet Tuğrul Ergün, Yavuz Selvi","doi":"10.1177/00912174251350817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251350817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study examined the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 100 individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and identified clinical and biological predictors of incident MetS during a 1-year follow-up.MethodsThe study included euthymic BD type-1 patients consecutively recruited from outpatient clinics between July 2023 and July 2024. MetS was defined according to International Diabetes Federation criteria. Patients without MetS at baseline but with MetS during follow-up were classified as having incident MetS. A logistic regression model was utilized to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between predictors and incident MetS.ResultsOf the 100 participants enrolled in the study (92% response rate), 29% met MetS criteria at baseline. Of the 71 without baseline MetS, 29 (40.8%) developed MetS over a 1-year period. Significant predictors of MetS onset included a higher number of manic/hypomanic episodes (OR = 1.459, 95% CI = 1.005-2.118, <i>P</i> = .047), increased chlorpromazine-equivalent antipsychotic dosages (OR = 1.007, 95% CI = 1.001-1.013, <i>P</i> = .024), high waist circumference (OR = 1.247, 95% CI = 1.052-1.479, <i>P</i> = .011), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.041, 95% CI = 1.007-1.077, <i>P</i> = .020). Conversely, lamotrigine use was inversely associated with MetS development (OR = 0.030, 95% CI = 0.001-0.659, <i>P</i> = .026).ConclusionA high incidence of MetS (41%) was observed within 1 year among patients with BD. Identified risk factors highlight opportunities for intervention through mood recurrence prevention, careful pharmacotherapy management, and treatment of pre-existing components of MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251350817"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions and attitudes of mental healthcare providers regarding unconventional causes and treatments for psychiatric disorders in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Deemah Ateeq Alateeq, Hussain Altaweel, Sumayah Aljhani, Faten Al Eid, Ebtesam Almajed, Asma Alshammari","doi":"10.1177/00912174251350472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251350472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThe stigmatization of mental illnesses remains an obstacle to seeking help and proper treatment. This study explored the knowledge and attitudes of mental health providers (MHPs) toward unconventional causes and treatments for psychiatric disorders in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between July and December 2020 with MHPs working in the governmental and private sectors, including general and mental health hospitals and centers across Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes toward patients with psychiatric disorders, and perceptions of causes and treatments for psychiatric disorders.ResultsIn total, 449 MHPs completed the questionnaire. More than half (51.7%) believed that supernatural causes could contribute to mental illness. In terms of treatment, most MHPs believed cauterization (81.1%), drinking occasionally (78.8%), cupping therapy (74.2%), amphetamine or hash (63.5%), and headbands (51%) were helpful. Reluctance to marry a person previously diagnosed with mental illness is the most widely agreed upon attitude toward mental illness. Multivariate analysis indicated that psychiatrists and psychologists (29% of MHPs) were the least likely to believe in supernatural causes compared to other MHPs (<i>P</i> < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight the need for awareness and education about MHPs regarding scientific causes and proven treatments for mental illnesses. Evidence-based information is essential to dispel misconceptions regarding mental health problems. Doing so may help reduce the stigma and discrimination faced by those suffering from mental illnesses, thereby supporting their recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251350472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with antidepressant use following hospitalization for acute stroke.","authors":"Hely D Nanavati, Nicole C Wright, Melissa J Smith, Shakia T Hardy, Virginia J Howard, Chen Lin","doi":"10.1177/00912174251348329","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174251348329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveDepression is the most common mental health complication after stroke, leading to poor post-stroke outcomes. Few observational studies have reported factors associated with antidepressant use in these patients. Therefore, this study assessed patient and clinical characteristics associated with receiving antidepressant prescriptions at discharge following hospital admission for acute stroke.MethodsIdentified were patients admitted with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack from the institutional stroke registry (October 1, 2019, through October 31, 2020). Electronic health record review was used to assess antidepressant prescription at discharge and predictors such as demographics, health behaviors, clinical comorbidities, and stroke prognostic characteristics.ResultsOut of 803 patients with stroke, 220 (27.4%) received an antidepressant prescription at discharge, including 82 (12.8%) patients who were started on antidepressants at discharge. A multivariable model indicated that sex (female vs male OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.09, 2.16), race (Black vs White: OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.96), number of clinical comorbidities (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.32), history of depression (OR = 4.91; 95% CI = 2.59, 9.31), and discharge disposition (to inpatient rehabilitation facility vs home: OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.01, 2.30) were significantly associated with receipt of antidepressant prescriptions among all users. Discharge disposition (to an inpatient rehabilitation facility) was the only variable associated with initiating an antidepressant prescription at discharge (OR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.62, 5.28).ConclusionAntidepressant prescriptions for poststroke patients were more frequent among females, White adults, and those discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation facility. These findings describing antidepressant prescription patterns underscore the need for specific guidelines aiding antidepressant use after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251348329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as predictor of early-onset poststroke depression.","authors":"Emine Yıldırım Uslu, Sevler Yildiz, Sevda Korkmaz","doi":"10.1177/00912174251347410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251347410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPoststroke depression (PSD) with an approximately one third prevalence in stroke patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in serum and early-onset PSD as well as clinical variables.MethodsClinical data and radiological images of 88 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke were examined. Serum BDNF levels were measured within the first 72 hours following stroke diagnosis. On the 14th day following stroke diagnosis, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were applied to the patients.ResultsSerum BDNF levels (<i>P</i> = 0.022) and MoCA values (<i>P</i> = 0.004) of patients with early-onset PSD were significantly lower, and NIHSS values (<i>P</i> = 0.027) were significantly higher compared to patients without early-onset PSD. There was a significantly negative correlation between BDNF value and HAMD-17 score and lymphocytes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to investigate the extent the BDNF level could predict the occurrence of early-onset PSD and cut-off values were determined. For a BDNF cut-off value of 361.51, sensitivity and specificity values were 75% and 56.2%, respectively, which indicated that BDNF may be a useful indicator associated with early-onset PSD.ConclusionLower serum BDNF levels are associated with early-onset PSD and may serve as a potential biomarker, although causal or predictive conclusions are limited due to the study's cross-sectional design.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251347410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of electroconvulsive therapy on intracranial pressure: A study of optic nerve sheath diameter measurements.","authors":"Iram Fatima, Aung Khine Phyoe, Abhimanyu Sharma, Shubh Mehta, Sara Tabassum, Manjeet Singh, Rama Siddiqui, Shivendra Shah, Kirpa Kaur, Hend Makky, Aadil Mahmood Khan","doi":"10.1177/00912174251345007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251345007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) on intracranial pressure (ICP) by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ultrasonography. While ECT is a common and effective treatment for various psychiatric disorders, its impact on cerebral hemodynamics, particularly ICP, remains unclear. Previous research suggests that ECT may increase cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption, potentially elevating ICP. However, there is limited direct evidence linking ECT to measurable ICP changes.MethodsIn this study, ONSD was measured at 4 time points during ECT in 24 patients, including pre-ECT, post-induction, post-ictal, and in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU).ResultsThe results showed no statistically significant changes in ONSD, indicating that ECT does not significantly alter ICP based on this non-invasive measurement.ConclusionThese findings suggest that, at least in the context of this study, ECT does not lead to clinically relevant changes in ICP.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251345007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of whole-course specialized case management and intravenous therapy on negative emotions in patients with postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer.","authors":"Litao Zhang, Qiufeng Li, Xiaoxia Guo","doi":"10.1177/00912174251340754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251340754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo explore the impact of comprehensive professional case management on the negative emotions of breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.MethodsA total of 102 breast cancer patients who underwent their first radiation treatment between July 2021 and June 2022 at a hospital in Guangzhou, China, were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group of 51 patients who received routine nursing care, and an intervention group of 51 patients who received comprehensive professional case management in addition to routine nursing care, including personalized interventions such as extended care for breast cancer patients with indwelling infusion ports. The effects of the intervention were evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Efficacy Scale (positive attitude, self-relaxation, and self-decision making) before and after the intervention.ResultsThere was no significant difference in anxiety, depression, or self-efficacy scores between the two groups before radiation therapy (<i>P</i> > .05). However, the SAS and SDS scores of the intervention group after radiation therapy (43.32 ± 3.87 and 40.7 ± 2.89, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the control group (49.66 ± 3.49 and 49.2 ± 3.19, respectively; t = -8.672 and -14.130, <i>P</i> < .01). The self-efficacy scores of the intervention group after radiation therapy (Positive Attitude: 49.3 ± 1.31, Self-Relaxation: 9.04 ± .68, and Self-Decision Making: 37.03 ± .98) were also significantly higher than those of the control group (Positive Attitude: 44.6 ± .95, Self-Relaxation: 7.32 ± .53, and Self-Decision Making: 31.42 ± .89; t = 20.483, 17.15, and 30.330, respectively; <i>P</i> < .01).ConclusionComprehensive professional case management, in conjunction with specialized intravenous therapy nursing, compared to usual standard care, significantly improved negative emotions and self-efficacy in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251340754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERMA-based psychological intervention in glioma rehabilitation: An RCT on affective distress, treatment adherence, and neuro-oncological outcomes.","authors":"Yang Huang, Zijuan Jiang, Yujuan Qi, Juan Deng, Dan Wang, Qian Zhang, Haiyan Qiu","doi":"10.1177/00912174251341978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174251341978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePostoperative glioma patients often experience negative emotions, affecting their treatment adherence and prognosis. The PERMA intervention (focusing on Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment) seeks to enhance psychological well-being and quality of life (QoL). This study examines its effects on negative emotions, treatment adherence, and prognosis in postoperative glioma patients.MethodsA total of 124 postoperative glioma patients from January 2022 to February 2024 were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 62) or a control group (n = 62). The control group received routine postoperative care, while the intervention group received additional PERMA psychological intervention for 1 month. Assessments included anxiety symptoms (SAS), depressive symptoms (SDS), treatment adherence, complications, and QoL. Prognosis was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves.ResultsBaseline characteristics were comparable between groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After intervention, both groups showed significant improvements in SAS and SDS scores (<i>P</i> < 0.05), furthermore, post-intervention SAS and SDS scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Treatment adherence was significantly higher, and complication rates were lower in the intervention group compared to control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). QoL was improved in both groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05), notably, post-intervention, the intervention group scored significantly higher than control group across all QoL domains (<i>P</i> <b>< 0.0001)</b>. KM analysis revealed a significant association between the PERMA-based intervention and better prognosis (<i>P</i> < 0.05).ConclusionPERMA-based psychological intervention effectively reduces anxiety and depression, enhances treatment adherence, lowers complication risks, and improves QoL in postoperative glioma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174251341978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of postoperative delirium in geriatric patients given acetaminophen with and without melatonin: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Maria N Muehrcke, Russell S Blackwelder, Erin R Weeda, Leah A Furlough, Jessi E Shelton, Samantha M Brace, Scott W Bragg","doi":"10.1177/00912174241276596","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241276596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePostoperative delirium has many consequences and must be prevented when possible. Non-opioid pain treatments may help to prevent, and melatonin has also been shown to prevent delirium in non-surgical populations. The incidence of postoperative delirium was retrospectively compared in patients prescribed acetaminophen with and without melatonin following orthopedic surgery.MethodsRetrospective data were analyzed in adults ≥ 65-years-old hospitalized in one health system following an orthopedic procedure. Patients receiving at least acetaminophen 1000 mg/day with and without melatonin 1 mg/day for at least 48 hours perioperatively were included. To reduce confounders, patients were excluded if they had prior delirium, an intensive care unit placement >24 hours, or other risk factors for developing delirium. The primary outcome was a positive CAM-ICU score indicating delirium. Key secondary endpoints included hospital length of stay and 30-day hospital readmission.ResultsTwo hundred patients were assessed, and 134 patients were included in the analysis (i.e., 66 receiving acetaminophen plus melatonin vs. 68 receiving acetaminophen alone). The rate of delirium was significantly lower in those receiving the combination vs. acetaminophen alone (5% vs. 25%, <i>P</i> = 0.001). There were no differences in 30-day readmission. Patients taking the combination had a longer length of stay than those taking acetaminophen alone (5 days vs. 4 days, <i>P</i> = 0.04).ConclusionGeriatric patients taking acetaminophen plus melatonin after orthopedic surgery had a significantly lower risk of delirium compared to patients receiving acetaminophen alone. Using a combination melatonin and acetaminophen before orthopedic surgery is a promising strategy for preventing delirium and should be considered in future prospective trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"254-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplements and burnout in anesthesiologists: A national cross-sectional study from China.","authors":"Fu Zhang, Tianying Tang, Jian Liu, Wei Wang, Yifan Wang, Yangtian Yan, Jiaming Liu, Huamin Liu","doi":"10.1177/00912174241262120","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241262120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveJob burnout among anesthesiologists has been consistently high. This study evaluated the association of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with burnout among Chinese anesthesiologists.MethodA cross-sectional online survey was conducted during April and May 2023. Burnout was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Data on calcium and vitamin D supplementations were self-reported. Sociodemographic information and medical history were also assessed. Binary and ordinal logistic regression were used to evaluate the risk of burnout and burnout levels, respectively. The excess risk and the attributable proportion due to interaction were examined to determine the synergistic effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementations on burnout risk.ResultsAmong the 4222 invited anesthesiologists, 3766 submitted eligible questionnaires (89% response rate). Just under half (49.8%) met the criteria for general burnout. Among anesthesiologists with burnout, 58.4% experienced emotional exhaustion, 35.8% depersonalization, and 61.2% low personal accomplishment. Anesthesiologists receiving calcium supplementation had a decreased risk of emotional exhaustion (OR = .83, 95% CI = .70-.99). Supplementation of vitamin D with or without calcium was not associated with overall burnout or any of its dimensions. No additive interaction of calcium and vitamin D on burnout was observed.ConclusionsJob burnout among anesthesiologists is of concern in China. Burnout is negatively associated with calcium supplementation but not with vitamin D. Further research is warranted to confirm the mechanism and causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"296-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized controlled trial of Bushen Yinao pill combined with conventional therapy on intestinal flora and cognitive function in older patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Wei Wang, Ji Zhang, Cangda Li","doi":"10.1177/00912174241290962","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241290962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effects of the Bushen Yinao pill, combined with standard therapy, on gut flora, inflammatory markers, and cognitive function in older patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA total of 136 AD patients treated at the department of neurology at a hospital in China from August 2022 to September 2023 were randomly assigned to two groups: 68 patients received standard treatment (control group, CTG), and 68 patients received the Bushen Yinao pill plus standard treatment (intervention group, ITG). Outcomes included Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, gut microbiota composition, inflammatory markers, cognitive function, overall efficacy, and safety.ResultsAfter treatment, the intervention group (ITG) showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores compared to the control group (CTG) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The ITG also showed significant increases in beneficial bacterial flora in the gut and decreases in harmful bacteria compared to the CTG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Inflammatory markers (Aβ, IL-6, TNF-α) were reduced, and cognitive function improved significantly more in the ITG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).ConclusionThe Bushen Yinao pill, when combined with standard therapy, may help to regulate gut microbiota, reduce inflammatory markers, and enhance cognitive function in AD patients, while also showing a favorable safety profile. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"280-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}