International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Psychiatric Comorbidity in Heart Failure: Associations With Length of Stay, Costs, and Mortality in a National Cohort.","authors":"Austin A Charles, Kyle E Thurmann, Peter L Ernst, Paul T Kang, Michael D White","doi":"10.1177/00912174261465528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174261465528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate how specific psychiatric comorbidities relate to index length of stay (LOS), hospital costs, and in-hospital mortality during readmissions after HF hospitalization.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2016-2022 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Adults with a principal HF diagnosis were included. Psychiatric comorbidities were depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use disorder (SUD). Outcomes were index LOS, inflation-adjusted costs, and in-hospital mortality during readmissions within 30 days and up to 1 year after discharge. Survey-weighted multivariable models adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic factors, hospital characteristics, discharge disposition, and comorbidity burden; <i>P</i> ≤ 0.001 was prespecified as the level of statistical significance.ResultsAmong 31,886,859 weighted HF hospitalizations, psychiatric comorbidity was common. Anxiety was associated with longer LOS (β = 0.88 days; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and higher costs (β = $2779; <i>P</i> < 0.001) but there were no differences in 30-day or 1-year mortality. However, several diagnoses were associated with lower mortality, including depression (30-day OR = 0.86; 1-year OR = 0.86), bipolar disorder (0.66; 0.68), schizophrenia/psychotic disorders (0.68; 0.72), PTSD (0.73; 0.78), and SUD (0.87; 0.92) (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). Bipolar disorder showed the largest cost reduction (<i>β</i> = -$1320; <i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to HF patients without bipolar disorder.ConclusionPsychiatric comorbidity in HF is common. Anxiety is associated with increased hospital utilization, but is not associated with mortality, whereas several other diagnoses are associated with lower mortality. Costs were lower for depression and bipolar disorder. These diagnosis-specific patterns support targeted screening, early consultation, and integrated consultation-liaison care pathways during HF hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261465528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Fiber Intake and Depression in Heart Failure Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study From NHANES Database.","authors":"Xuehui Qu, Nan Zhou, Lina Wang","doi":"10.1177/00912174261465150","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174261465150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivePsychiatric disorders are prevalent among heart failure (HF) patients and depression is a common psychiatric disorder. The benefit effect of dietary fiber on depression has been reported. We aimed to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and depressive symptoms.MethodA cross-sectional analysis was conducted of NHANES data collected 2005-2018 from adults ≥18 years with physician-diagnosed HF. Total and source-specific dietary fiber intake (g/day) was calculated from the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls using USDA's AMPM protocol. Age, sex, race, education, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, renal function, and medication use were adjusted in analyses. Survey-weighted logistic regression models examined associations between fiber intake and depression (PHQ-9 ≥10), with adjustment for confounding variables. Sensitivity analyses examined modification by BMI categories (<25, 25-29.9, ≥30 kg/m²) and HF duration (≤5 vs >5 years).ResultsA total of 1041 participants were included, of which 188 (18.06%) with depression symptoms. High total dietary fiber intake (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29-0.86) and vegetable fiber intake (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25-0.97) were associated with the lower odds of depression in HF patients.ConclusionDepression is associated with vegetable fiber, but not with fiber from grains or fruits. Depression is less common in patients with HF who consume high levels of total dietary fiber and vegetable fiber.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261465150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Probiotic Supplements on Improving Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Insomnia, and Anorexia in Patients Living With HIV: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Atefeh Zandifar, Rahim Badrfam, Amirhossein Hajaligol, Tyler Kjorvestad, Mojtaba Kaveh, Mahya Beikmohammadi, Seyed Shahab-Aldin Vakili, Zohreh Khodaii, Ali Reza Soleimani","doi":"10.1177/00912174261463863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174261463863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveIndividuals living with HIV are at increased risk for psychiatric disorders. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, the effects of probiotics on improving psychiatric symptoms among patients living with HIV was examined.MethodsA total of 50 patients living with HIV were randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group received a probiotic capsule. In contrast, the other received a placebo for 12 weeks, determined by a simple randomization method. Patients were evaluated at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12 using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsCompared to the control group, HIV patients in the intervention group receiving probiotics exhibited a significantly greater reduction in anxiety symptoms and greater improvement in appetite compared to those in the placebo group (time*group interaction: F (3, 144) = 6.63, <i>P</i> < 0.001 for anxiety symptoms; F (3, 144) = 18.74, <i>P</i> < 0.001 for appetite).ConclusionsProbiotics may be beneficial in alleviating anxiety symptoms and anorexia in persons living with HIV. Future studies in multicenter settings with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods are needed to replicate these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261463863"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: \"Systematic Review of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Medications Approved From 2008 to October 2024 and Agents in Phase 3\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00912174261461143","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174261461143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261461143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criminal Psychology in War and Violence: Transformation of Criminal Behaviour in Zones of Armed Conflict.","authors":"You-Seok Lim, Jun-Ki Chung","doi":"10.1177/00912174261451521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174261451521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study conducted a comprehensive analysis of psychological and institutional factors that lead to the transformation of criminal behaviour in conditions of armed conflict, using the Russian-Ukrainian war as a case study.MethodThis research was based on qualitative analysis of secondary data. The study examined reports and analytical materials from international monitoring missions, including the United Nations, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, and Amnesty International. These sources were compared with theoretical approaches from criminal psychology and criminology in order to identify patterns in behavioural transformation under wartime conditions.ResultsThe findings demonstrate that the transformation of criminal behaviour occurs at 3 interconnected levels. First, the destruction or weakening of legitimate legal institutions in occupied territories creates an institutional vacuum and a state of anomie, which facilitates opportunistic crimes such as looting and organised criminal activity, including enforced disappearances. Second, among combatants there is a normalisation of violence supported by psychological mechanisms such as dehumanisation and moral disengagement, which contributes to systematic war crimes, including torture, sexual violence, and indiscriminate attacks. Third, changes occur in the behaviour of the civilian population, manifested in survival-related crimes, aggression caused by trauma, and forced criminalisation through collaboration with occupying authorities.ConclusionsThis report describes how armed conflict significantly alters patterns of criminal behaviour through the interaction of institutional collapse and psychological adaptation to violence. The results emphasise the need to incorporate psychological factors into post-war justice mechanisms and conflict-zone law enforcement strategies. They may also contribute to the development of post-war rehabilitation programs, improvements in transitional justice systems, and the training of peacekeeping personnel and law enforcement agencies operating in conflict environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261451521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Patterns of Unexpected Lucidity Among Deeply Forgetful Patients: Findings From a U.S. Population-Based Study.","authors":"Jeff Levin, Rebecca Bonhag, Byron R Johnson, Stephen G Post","doi":"10.1177/00912174261453176","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174261453176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveReports from caregivers and other witnesses describe episodes of unexpected or paradoxical lucidity among adults diagnosed with dementia. However, until now, there has not been a representative national survey documenting its prevalence in the U.S. adult population. This study reports on (a) the prevalence of terminal or unexpected lucidity in adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, and (b) its distribution across sociodemographic characteristics and parameters of clinical cases.MethodData are from a nationally representative population-based survey of observers (N = 5940) of dementia patients, aged 40+, who experienced one or more episodes of unexpected lucidity.ResultsThe national prevalence of unexpected lucidity, according to observers, is 43.6% (weighted n = 2587). Episodes occur regardless of the age or sex of patients, parameters of the clinical case, or characteristics of observers.ConclusionFindings reveal that lucid episodes are not rare, but possibly a normative feature of the dementing process. If so, this has implications for clinical practice and ethical decision-making involving \"deeply forgetful people.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261453176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LRFN5 and OLFM4 in Acute Manic Episodes With Psychotic Features in Bipolar Disorder: A Case-Control Study in Türkiye.","authors":"Mehmet Hamdi Örüm, Seda Yılmaz, Pınar Öner","doi":"10.1177/00912174261449676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174261449676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare serum leucine-rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein-5 (LRFN5) and olfactomedin-4 (OLFM4) levels and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) values between hospitalized subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) experiencing acute manic episodes with psychotic features and healthy controls (HCs), and to examine their associations with clinical features and symptom severity.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, participant characteristics and clinical features were assessed by structured clinical interviews. LRFN5 and OLFM4 levels were measured in the BD (n = 37) and HC (n = 35) groups using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay kit.ResultsSerum LRFN5 (adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.0117) and OLFM4 (adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.0117) levels were significantly lower, whereas AISI (adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.0005) levels were significantly higher in the BD group compared with HCs, after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and smoking status. Within the BD group, a strong positive correlation was observed between LRFN5 and OLFM4 levels (r = 0.702, adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.006) and AISI showed a significant positive correlation with manic symptom severity score after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, and smoking status (r = 0.472, adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.030). In binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, and smoking status, lower OLFM4 levels (odds ratio (OR) = 0.970, <i>P</i> = 0.020, adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.003) and higher AISI values (OR = 1.008, <i>P</i> = 0.002, adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.001) were independently associated with BD status, alongside smoking status (OR = 19.213, <i>P</i> = 0.005, adjusted <i>P</i> = 0.001) (apparent area under the curve (AUC) = 0.914, optimism-corrected AUC = 0.884). After repeated stratified holdout validation, the mean and median test AUCs were 0.868 and 0.876, respectively.ConclusionsSubjects with BD experiencing acute manic episodes with psychotic features exhibited decreased circulating LRFN5 and OLFM4 levels alongside an increased systemic inflammatory burden, as reflected by AISI. AISI showed the strongest association with BD status and symptom severity and OLFM4 remained significant in adjusted analyses. Rather than indicating definitive diagnostic utility, the observed alterations may instead reflect underlying biological processes related to BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174261449676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tramadol and mental health: A systematic review of case reports describing psychological side-effects.","authors":"Sai Shashank Gudla, Siva Krishna Adithya Bhumireddy, Anil Kumar Vadaga","doi":"10.1177/00912174251322356","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174251322356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTramadol is a synthetic opioid widely used in clinical practice to treat moderate to severe pain. While it is considered safer than traditional opioids, growing concerns have emerged regarding its adverse psychological effects. This systematic review examined tramadol-induced psychological side effects, identified risk factors, and evaluated possible underlying mechanisms that might help to guide safer clinical use.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the related keywords of tramadol and psychological effects. This review primarily focused on case reports, which were included if they provided detailed accounts of tramadol-induced mental health side-effects. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, and data were extracted on patient demographics, details of tramadol usage, psychological outcomes, and risk factors. The quality of the case reports was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale.ResultsThe review found that tramadol is associated with a range of psychological symptoms, including manic episodes, hypomania, serotonin syndrome, psychosis, and cognitive impairment. Risk factors included age, pre-existing psychiatric conditions, polydrug use, and prolonged tramadol use. Elderly individuals and those with psychiatric histories were particularly vulnerable.ConclusionTramadol has the potential to cause serious psychological side effects, prompting cautious prescription, especially in vulnerable populations. Clinicians should closely monitor patients for these adverse effects, and further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved and to reduce the psychological site-effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"276-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical antipsychotics and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children and adolescents: A systematic review.","authors":"Ruthwik Duvuru, Reem Hatem, Faisal A Nawaz, Ghadah A Al-Sharif, Mohammad Almoosa, Christos Tzivinikos, Lila Amirali, Wid Kattan, Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan, Ammar Albanna","doi":"10.1177/00912174261424599","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174261424599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveAtypical antipsychotics (AAP) are commonly prescribed to children and adolescents and are associated with important adverse effects, including weight gain and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most common pediatric liver disease and is associated with serious complications, including liver cirrhosis. Given that MASLD and AAP are associated with liver cirrhosis and metabolic syndrome, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the association between AAP and MASLD in children and adolescents.MethodsThe systematic review examined studies exploring MASLD in subjects younger than 18 years taking AAP. All studies published in the English language between 1950 and 2020 were screened following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines.ResultsA total of 407 articles were initially retrieved, although only 3 studies met inclusion criteria. These included retrospective cohort and case-control studies with varying sample sizes and methodologies. Shedlock et al found increased obesity related risks in children with autism spectrum disorder; Kumra et al observed risperidone induced hepatotoxicity; and Mouzaki et al linked psychotropic use with more severe MASLD. Meta-analysis showed a small and statistically insignificant positive association between AAP and MASLD, with significant heterogeneity among studies, indicating a need for careful interpretation of results. Risk of bias ratings varied from fair to good.ConclusionThese findings will serve as a foundation for future studies, assist in devising interventions, and may help to reform clinical guidelines for using AAP in children and adolescents to ensure patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"262-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of dopamine agonists induced impulse control disorders in patients with prolactinoma.","authors":"Shuang Zhang, Chi Wang, Dapeng Wang","doi":"10.1177/00912174251392426","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174251392426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study sought to determine the frequency and factors influencing Impulsive Control Disorders (ICDs) in prolactinoma patients undergoing treatment with dopamine agonists.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving a convenience sample of 170 patients diagnosed with prolactinoma and receiving dopamine agonist therapy for at least 6 months. Participants were recruited from a single center.ResultsAt least one self-reported ICD symptom was present in 23.5% of patients. The most prevalent ICD symptoms were binge eating (17.7%), hypersexuality (14.7%), and compulsive shopping (11.8%). Correlates of ICD symptoms were male gender, macroprolactinoma, elevated prolactin levels, and a previous mental disease history. The likelihood of ICDs increased with the cumulative dose of dopamine agonist medication and the length of treatment. Moreover, individuals with moderate to severe anxiety and depression had a greater risk for ICDs compared to those without the former symptoms.ConclusionsClinicians should prioritize attention to risk factors during initial diagnosis and ongoing treatment of patients with prolactinoma that may elevate the risk of CDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"294-311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}