Journal of Bioethical Inquiry最新文献_第3页

Institutional Responses to Voluntary Assisted Dying: An Empirical Study in Victoria and Western Australia. 对自愿协助死亡的制度反应：维多利亚州和西澳大利亚州的实证研究。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10418-z

C M Haining, L Willmott, B P White

{"title":"Institutional Responses to Voluntary Assisted Dying: An Empirical Study in Victoria and Western Australia.","authors":"C M Haining, L Willmott, B P White","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10418-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10418-z","url":null,"abstract":"Patients seeking to access voluntary assisted dying (VAD) are necessarily at the end of their lives. Hence, they are likely to be concurrently receiving care from institutions (community nursing services, health services, palliative care services, and aged care facilities) with different levels of participation in VAD. This article reports on the various institutional approaches to VAD based on eighteen semi-structured interviews with regulators from Victoria and Western Australia, representing fifteen institutions with varying levels of support for VAD. We generated five main themes from reflexive thematic analysis of the interview data: settling on a position; operationalizing a position and determining level of involvement; local policy decisions on specific VAD activities; transparency; and navigating pluralism and accommodating diverse views. Overall, our findings revealed significant diversity in how institutions approached various VAD activities and that an institution's position on VAD (whether it supports it or not) does not necessarily indicate the extent to which it will facilitate access to VAD. These findings may have relevance for institutions seeking to implement (or revise) their approach to VAD and suggest that greater transparency about institutional approaches to VAD is needed to enable people to make informed decisions about where to seek care.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the Artificial Intelligence Revolution and its Ethical Implications. 理解人工智能革命及其伦理意义。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10427-6

Amin Beheshti, Ian Kerridge

引用次数: 0

Othering, Stigma, and Normalization: A Key Informant Interview Study on Ethical Issues in Alcohol Policy in Australia. 他人、耻辱和正常化：一项关于澳大利亚酒精政策伦理问题的关键信息者访谈研究。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10443-6

Mary Jean Walker

引用次数: 0

"Reciprocity": Moral Dilemmas Concerning Priority Rules in Organ Allocation. “互惠”：关于器官分配优先规则的道德困境。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10458-z

Diehua Hu, Hongwen Li

{"title":"\"Reciprocity\": Moral Dilemmas Concerning Priority Rules in Organ Allocation.","authors":"Diehua Hu, Hongwen Li","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10458-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10458-z","url":null,"abstract":"A long-standing debate has persisted on whether reciprocity reasonably justifies the priority rules in organ allocation as some countries (e.g., Israel, Singapore, Chile, and China) have adopted this priority policy based on reciprocity. This paper reviews the ethical dilemmas and challenges of incorporating reciprocity into a priority system by considering the following five aspects: (1) It exacerbates the risk of incorporating moral values in the organ allocation context. (2) It is incompatible with the reciprocity inherent in the gift- or gratitude-based relationship in organ allocation. (3) The concept of \"reciprocity,\" which easily extends the idea of \"moral desert,\" could, thus, exacerbate social inequalities. (4) In the context of incentives instead of rewards, priority rules in organ allocation need not involve the obligation of reciprocity. (5) Reciprocity acceptability does not invariably translate into efficacy. In sum, reciprocity is not an appropriate moral rationale for being established as a priority rule in organ allocation, and alternatives such as altruism or charity (virtue)-though associated with several feasibility and fairness-related concerns-seem preferable.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Narrative Affordances for Birthing-Selves. 诞生自我的叙事支持。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10455-2

Güler C Ağören

{"title":"Narrative Affordances for Birthing-Selves.","authors":"Güler C Ağören","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10455-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10455-2","url":null,"abstract":"In birth literature, there is a consensus that birth narratives incorporating a strong sense of agency contribute to the person's well-being postpartum and beyond. In this article, I aimed to develop an ecological perspective on the emergence of birthing-self narratives and analyse the restrictions experienced in forming empowering birth narratives from the affordance perspective. The concept of affordance has equipped philosophers with a useful tool to study organism-environment relations and to look beyond dualities such as internal and external, biological and environmental, physical and social etc. I argue that this conceptual framework can be fruitful in understanding the emergence of agency and selfhood during birth. Authentic birthing-self narratives are necessarily rooted in the encompassing birth assemblages and reconceptualizing birth assemblage as a system producing narrative affordances for the birthing-self may contribute (1) to supporting a contextual account of self-experience and agency in birth and (2) to illustrate through birth the complexity of the affordance space in which human organisms develop self-experiences. In this study, I dwell on my research and analyse three birthing-self narratives to illustrate how feelings of a birthing body intra-act with physical, social, institutional, and discursive space to shape affordances for narrating the birthing-self.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patient and Public Involvement with Forced Migrants: An Empirical Exploration of Ethical Issues. 耐心和公众参与强迫移民：伦理问题的实证探索。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10438-3

Elin Inge, Nimo Elmi, Yasmin Omar, Georgina Warner, Ulrik Kihlbom

{"title":"Patient and Public Involvement with Forced Migrants: An Empirical Exploration of Ethical Issues.","authors":"Elin Inge, Nimo Elmi, Yasmin Omar, Georgina Warner, Ulrik Kihlbom","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10438-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10438-3","url":null,"abstract":"Patient and public involvement (PPI) with forced migrants can have positive impacts on health research, but empirical knowledge on the ethics of involving forced migrants is scarce. Unsolved ethical issues risk hindering meaningful involvement and jeopardize the research process, as well as harming the public contributors and causing moral distress. In this article, we aimed to identify ethical issues in PPI with forced migrants and present case examples, based on qualitative data and using thematic analysis, as well as analyse the issues using the ethical principles by Beauchamp and Childress as well as PPI-centred values. The ethical issues identified were \"Treating forced migrant public contributors as a vulnerable group can inhibit autonomy\"; \"Non-inclusive communication strategies can contribute to injustice\"; \"Regulations around payment risk excluding the most vulnerable from involvement\"; \"Public contributors risk being excluded from partaking in decision-making,\" and \"If trust is not established, public contributors do not feel safe sharing honest input.\" Further, we discussed the ethical issues using relational ethics, with a focus on how to conduct PPI with forced migrants in an ethical way.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Will Human-Animal Chimeras Cause Moral Confusion? Exploring Public Attitudes. 人与动物的嵌合体会引起道德混乱吗？探索公众态度。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10413-4

Katrien Devolder, Joshua Rottman, Qinyu Xiao, Guy Kahane, Lucius Caviola, Lauren Yip, Nadira S Faber

{"title":"Will Human-Animal Chimeras Cause Moral Confusion? Exploring Public Attitudes.","authors":"Katrien Devolder, Joshua Rottman, Qinyu Xiao, Guy Kahane, Lucius Caviola, Lauren Yip, Nadira S Faber","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10413-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10413-4","url":null,"abstract":"Recent medical research involving human-monkey chimeras, human brain organoids in rats, and the transplantation of a gene-edited pig heart and gene-edited pig kidneys in living human beings have intensified the debate about whether we should create human-animal chimeras for biomedical purposes and, if so, how we should treat them. Influential views in the debate frequently appeal to assumptions regarding how people will react to such chimeras. It has, for example, been argued that the most important objection against creating such chimeras is that this will result in inexorable moral confusion about species boundaries and will, as a result, threaten the social order. But is this indeed the case? We conducted three empirical studies to examine laypeople's views on the creation and treatment of various types of human-animal chimeras. Our studies indicate that laypeople find typical cases of xenotransplantation (i.e., the transplantation of an animal organ into a human patient) morally unproblematic. They assign the same moral status to humans with animal organs as to non-chimeric humans. By contrast, they sometimes (but not always) assign slightly higher moral status to animals with human organs than to non-chimeric animals. Overall, however, there is little indication of chimera technology blurring the line between humans and animals, and thus of the technology causing moral confusion.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical Issues in Rural Health Research: A Scoping Review. 农村卫生研究中的伦理问题：范围综述。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10453-4

Vignesh Kumar, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Nate W Olson

{"title":"Ethical Issues in Rural Health Research: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Vignesh Kumar, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Nate W Olson","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10453-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10453-4","url":null,"abstract":"Rural communities experience well-documented systemic disparities in health access and outcomes in comparison to urban populations. However, the ethical dimensions of these disparities have received only limited attention, and ethical issues related to rural health research have received even less. With the COVID-19 pandemic casting new light on these inequities, we conducted a scoping review to determine how much has been written on ethical issues in rural health research and which ethical issues are most prevalent. Four overarching ethical themes emerged through the search: resource inequity, underrepresentation, the benefits of community-based research, and challenges related to participant autonomy. Additionally, the search revealed a dearth of articles on ethical issues in rural health research, particularly in the United States. Thus, we propose four recommendations to revitalize and guide ethics discussions of research in rural communities, including growing the literature on ethical issues in rural U.S. communities, encouraging collaboration between rural health and bioethics researchers, improving recognition of rural heterogeneity, and addressing new issues in light of COVID-19. Acting on these recommendations would expand and support rural research efforts and ultimately help ameliorate rural-urban health inequities.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Critical Interpretive Review of the Theoretical Literature Related to Healthcare Codes of Ethics. 医疗卫生伦理规范相关理论文献的批判性解释性回顾。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10452-5

Ryan Essex, Lydia Mainey, Francine Gonzales-Walters, Phil Gurnett, Sharon Marie Weldon

{"title":"A Critical Interpretive Review of the Theoretical Literature Related to Healthcare Codes of Ethics.","authors":"Ryan Essex, Lydia Mainey, Francine Gonzales-Walters, Phil Gurnett, Sharon Marie Weldon","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10452-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10452-5","url":null,"abstract":"Codes of ethics have a long history in healthcare and, for many, are important documents. Codes however have also been extensively criticized for a range of reasons, from the guidance they provide to their meta-ethical assumptions. This review sought to explore the theoretical literature to critically examine the function of codes in healthcare, with a particular focus on their strengths and shortcomings in relation to these functions. A systematic search was combined with a critical interpretive review. The final sample included twenty-four papers. Results of this synthesis suggest that codes fulfil multiple purposes, from providing guidance on ethical issues, to assertions about acceptable and unacceptable behaviour, to establishing and maintaining the status and identity of the professions. Codes also fulfil a number of social purposes, conveying information to the public and others. The extent to which a code does each of these things varies substantially however. We discuss these functions in relation to the many critiques that have been advanced in relation to these documents. We then put these findings into conversation with the broader literature on codes and discuss the challenges that this presents for normative analysis, namely in needing to first identify what a code should do before assessing its shortcomings. If the primary purpose of a code of ethics is to provide guidance, many fail here, the devil is in the detail however. To what extent should codes provide guidance?","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical Issues and Recommendations in Psychedelic Research and Practice: A Scoping Review. 致幻剂研究和实践中的伦理问题和建议：范围审查。

IF 1.5 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-025-10454-3

N Brittain, N Higgins, M Barber, W Choi, A Carter, J Gardner

{"title":"Ethical Issues and Recommendations in Psychedelic Research and Practice: A Scoping Review.","authors":"N Brittain, N Higgins, M Barber, W Choi, A Carter, J Gardner","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10454-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-025-10454-3","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth in psychedelic research raises novel ethical challenges for both research and psychedelic-assisted therapy. Despite these challenges, there is no consensus among researchers, clinicians, patients, and regulators on how these ethical issues may be avoided or managed. This study aimed to identify key ethical issues in psychedelic research and practice in the literature. A scoping review was performed, identifying fifty-one relevant articles. Content analysis revealed five main ethical concerns in the literature: 1) standards of practice, 2) equity, 3) integrity, 4) cultural appropriation, and 5) epistemic justice. A consultation workshop highlighted several key concerns that were neglected in the literature: 1) post-trial care, 2) lack of consensus on models of care and psychedelic practitioner competencies, and 3) how current research and its associated ethical issues will be translated into practice. Based on these findings the following future directions are recommended: designing clear competency frameworks, increased consultation with Indigenous and priority populations (e.g. ethnic and cultural minorities, under-served groups), guidelines for Indigenous recognition, management of post-trial care in clinical trials, and adequate governance of psychedelic prescribing practices.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0