Journal of Bioethical Inquiry最新文献_第10页

Eight Strategies to Engineer Acceptance of Human Germline Modifications. 设计人类基因修饰的八大策略

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10266-3

Shoaib Khan, Katherine Drabiak

引用次数: 0

Ethics and Health Security in the Australian COVID-19 Context: A Critical Interpretive Literature Review. 澳大利亚新冠肺炎背景下的伦理与健康安全：批判性解释性文献综述。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10255-6

Anson Fehross, Kari Pahlman, Diego S Silva

{"title":"Ethics and Health Security in the Australian COVID-19 Context: A Critical Interpretive Literature Review.","authors":"Anson Fehross, Kari Pahlman, Diego S Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11673-023-10255-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-023-10255-6","url":null,"abstract":"Background The concept of \"health security\" is often used to motivate public health responses, yet the ethical values that underpin this concept remain largely unexamined. The recent Australian responses to COVID-19 serve as an important case study by which we can analyse the pre-existing literature to see what ethical values shaped, and continue to shape, Australia's response. Methods We conducted a critical interpretive literature review of academic and grey literatures within key databases, resulting in 2,220 sources. After screening for duplicates and relevance, we analysed ninety-six sources. Results First, risk and uncertainty are a leading focus, with a heavy concentration on risks to life and health. Second, free movement, safety, and security were recurringly emphasized, albeit narrowly focused upon the safety of the population. Third, legitimacy was a recurring theme, and it is here that discussions of \"health security\" figured highly. Conclusion Discussions of harm from government and associated official bodies fail to adequately distinguish between various senses of harm. Moreover, while the literature often discusses the balancing of rights, the steps involved in the weighing of these rights is rarely adequately explained and defended. We suggest that decision-makers should endeavour to clearly identify and defend the values undergirding their decisions in the public sphere.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"131-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRISPR: Beyond the Excitement. CRISPR：超越兴奋。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10295-y

Khaled Moustafa

引用次数: 0

The Case for Human Challenge Trials in COVID-19. 在 COVID-19 中进行人体挑战试验的案例。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10309-9

George P Drewett

引用次数: 0

Brain-Computer Interfaces, Completely Locked-In State in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and End-of-Life Decisions. 脑机接口、神经退行性疾病的完全锁定状态和生命终结决策。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10256-5

Christopher Poppe, Bernice S Elger

引用次数: 0

Flesh Without Blood: The Public Health Benefits of Lab-Grown Meat. 没有血的肉实验室培育肉类对公众健康的益处》。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10254-7

Jonny Anomaly, Heather Browning, Diana Fleischman, Walter Veit

引用次数: 0

An Ethical Examination of Donor Anonymity and a Defence of a Legal Ban on Anonymous Donation and the Establishment of a Central Register. 对匿名捐赠的伦理审查，以及为禁止匿名捐赠的法律禁令和建立中央登记册辩护。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10265-4

Xavier Symons, Henry Kha

引用次数: 0

The Physician-Assisted Suicide Pathway in Italy: Ethical Assessment and Safeguard Approaches. 意大利医生协助自杀途径：伦理评估和保障方法。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10302-2

Luciana Riva

{"title":"The Physician-Assisted Suicide Pathway in Italy: Ethical Assessment and Safeguard Approaches.","authors":"Luciana Riva","doi":"10.1007/s11673-023-10302-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-023-10302-2","url":null,"abstract":"Although in Italy there is currently no effective law on physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia, Decision No. 242 issued by the Italian Constitutional Court on September 25, 2019 established that an individual who, under specific circumstances, has facilitated the implementation of an independent and freely-formed resolve to commit suicide by another individual is exempt from criminal liability. Following this ruling, some citizens have submitted requests for assisted suicide to the public health system, generating a situation of great uncertainty in the application processes. As a matter of fact, shared and defined procedures are lacking as Decision 242/2019 merely added some principles on which the legislature will have to base its future intervention. This paper analyses the advisory role that the Decision attributes to territorial ethics committees with the aim of stimulating discussions on their role in oversight mechanisms. The proposed conclusion is that the envisaged role does not appear consistent with the functions of these bodies and is ultimately substantially undefined and unjustified.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Colombian Adolescents' Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: The Need for a Relational Autonomy Approach. 哥伦比亚青少年获得性健康和生殖健康服务的混合方法研究：采用关系自主方法的必要性》。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10356-w

J Brisson, V Ravitsky, B Williams-Jones

{"title":"A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Colombian Adolescents' Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: The Need for a Relational Autonomy Approach.","authors":"J Brisson, V Ravitsky, B Williams-Jones","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10356-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10356-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study's objective was to understand Colombian adolescents' experiences and preferences regarding access to sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS), either alone or accompanied. A mixed-method approach was used, involving a survey of 812 participants aged eleven to twenty-four years old and forty-five semi-structured interviews with participants aged fourteen to twenty-three. Previous research shows that adolescents prefer privacy when accessing SRHS and often do not want their parents involved. Such findings align with the longstanding tendency to frame the ethical principle of autonomy as based on independence in decision-making. However, the present study shows that such a conceptualization and application of autonomy does not adequately explain Colombian adolescent participants' preferences regarding access to SRHS. Participants shared a variety of preferences to access SRHS, with the majority of participants attaching great importance to having their parents involved, to varying degrees. What emerges is a more complex and non-homogenous conceptualization of autonomy that is not inherently grounded in independence from parental involvement in access to care. We thus argue that when developing policies involving adolescents, policymakers and health professionals should adopt a nuanced \"relational autonomy\" approach to better respect the myriad of preferences that Colombian (and other) adolescents may have regarding their access to SRHS.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"193-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconceiving Reproduction: Removing "Rearing" From the Definition-and What This Means for ART. 重新认识生殖：将“养育”从定义中删除，以及这对ART意味着什么。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-023-10281-4

Georgina Antonia Hall

{"title":"Reconceiving Reproduction: Removing \"Rearing\" From the Definition-and What This Means for ART.","authors":"Georgina Antonia Hall","doi":"10.1007/s11673-023-10281-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-023-10281-4","url":null,"abstract":"The predominant position in the reproductive rights literature argues that access to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) forms part of an individual's right to reproduce. On this reasoning, refusal of treatment by clinicians (via provision) violates a hopeful parent's reproductive right and discriminates against the infertile. I reject these views and suggest they wrongly contort what reproductive freedom entitles individuals to do and demand of others. I suggest these views find their origin, at least in part, in the way we define \"reproduction\" itself. This paper critically analyses two widely accepted definitions of human reproduction and demonstrates that both are fundamentally flawed. While the process of reproduction includes the biological acts of begetting and bearing a child, I argue that it does not extend to include rearing. This reworked definition has little impact in the realm of sexual reproduction. However, it has significant ethical implications for the formulation and assignment of reproductive rights and responsibilities in the non-sexual realm in two important ways. First, a claim to access ART where one has an intention to rear a child (but does not beget or bear) cannot be grounded in reproductive rights. Second, lacking an intention to rear does not extinguish the reproductive rights and responsibilities for those who collaborate in the process. I conclude that clinicians collaborate in non-sexual reproduction at the point of triggering conception (begetting) and therefore have the right to refuse to be involved in non-sexual reproduction, in some instances, as do all reproductive collaborators.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"117-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11052855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0